발효된 고화하수 슬러지의 지반공학적 특성연구

황윤재,김명학,조헌영 인제대학교 2010 仁濟論叢 Vol.25 No.1

More than 7,000 ton of sewage sludge was produced daily in korea, of them more than 80 percent reclaimed in land and dumped into ocean, while less than 7 percent were recycled. In this study, geotechnical and environmental laboratory tests were accomplished to evaluate material characteristics of solidified sewage, which fermented first, as possible civil construction materials, Geotechnical tests included liquid and plastic limit test, sieve analysis, compaction test, and shear strength thest, while environmental tests were pH test, heavy metal content and elution test. The results of tests said that geotechnical characteristics of solidified sewage sludge were satisfied the standard specification of covering materials for waste dumping ground, pH test said that pH of solidified sewage sludge was about 7.7 which is weak alkaline, Each elution concentration of heavy metals, which are Cd, Cu, Pb, Cr, and Zn, were also satisfied with the geotechnical and environmentally safe as civil construction material such as covering materials for waste dumping ground and seaside reclamation materials.

한국산 물푸레나무屬 주요 수종의 해부학적 특성

황원중,권구중,박완근,배영수,김남훈 한국목재공학회 2002 목재공학 Vol.30 No.2

물푸레나무속의 물푸레나무, 들메나무 및 쇠물푸레의 해부학적 특성을 광학현미경법과 화상분석법에 의해 조사하였다. 공시 수종간에 연륜 경계의 명확성을 비롯한 도관 요소의 직경, 축방향유조직의 배열상태, 구성세포의 비율에서 차이가 있었다. 구성요소의 방사방향 변이에 있어서, 목섬유 길이, 도관 요소 직경 및 길이는 수심 부위에서 작고 약 10∼15 연륜까지 증가한 후 안정되었다. 결론적으로 본 연구 결과는 물푸레나무속 세 수종의 식별자료 및 성숙재와 미성숙재를 구분하는 재질 지표치로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Anatomical characteristics of Mulpurenamu (Korean ash, Fraxinus rhynchophylla), Deulmaenamu (Manshurican ash, Fraxinus mandshurica) and Sheamulpure (Sieboldiana ash, Fraxinus sieboldiana) grown in Korea were examined by an optical microscopy and an image analysis. Some characteristics such as boundary of annual rings, shape and size of vessel elements, arrangement of axial parenchyma cells in cross section, and cell volumetric composition showed significant differences between the sample species. In radial variation of elements, fiber length and vessel size increased from the pith for about 10 to 15 years and then reached a more or less constant. The results of this study can be used for identification of wood and indices of wood quality in Fraxinus spp.

방사성 폐기물 시멘트 고화체로 부터의 ?? 및 ?? 용출특성 연구

황선태,이경주,최길웅,박헌휘,김환영 대한방사선 방어학회 1985 방사선방어학회지 Vol.10 No.2

방사성폐기물 처리, 처분의 안정성 평가를 위하여 방사성 고화체에서 용출되는 137Cs과 90Sr의 방사능 용출율과 누적용출분율을 계측·분석하여 시멘트를 사용한 방사성 고화체에서 Cs+과 Sr++의 용출특성을 조사하였다. 모의방사성 폐액의 몰농도, 시멘트의 종류, 첨가물질 및 붕산농도 등을 변화시키면서 sodium silicate법과 중화법으로 원주형 시멘트 고화제를 제작하였다. 여기에서 가압경수로형 원자력 발전소의 모의 농축폐액의 시멘트 고화체로부터 용출연구는 IAEA의 추천방법에 따라서 수행되었다. 실험결과는 대부분 이미 보고된 연구자료들과 잘 일치하고 있으나 수밀성 시멘트 고화체에서는 상당히 높은 방사능 용출율을 보여주고 있음으로써 방사성 폐기를 고화체에 그 사용이 적합하지 않음을 알게 된다. For the safety assessment of radwaste treatment and disposal, the leaching characteristics of Cs++ and Sr++ from the cement-solidified radwastes was investigated by means of the survey and analysis of the activity leach rate and cumulative leach fraction of 137Cs and 90Sr leaching from solidified radwastes. The cylindrical cement-solidified samples were made by the sodium silicate method and neutralization method changing the mole density of simulated liquid radwaste, type of cement, adding material and concentration of boric acid. The leaching study was carried out by the method using simulated PWR concentrated liquid radwaste solidified in cement that had been processed following the recommendations of IAEA. All the experimental results are in well accordance with the research data reported previously, but the watertight cement-solidified radwastes show rather high leach rate of radioactivity. It is learned, therefore, that the watertight cement is not adequate as the material for the solidified radwastes.

유압 모터 시스템에 대한 극점 배치 제어

황규동,이창훈,조영돈,김도석 충주대학교 2006 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.41 No.-

Pole Placement Control has been well establish in its theory. However, its practice value is yet to be appreciated in most industries. This paper presents an account in which the control strategy is run on the hydraulic motor. Using the input and output data from actual system, estimation of the model parameters are obtained by a function ARMAX(Autoregressive Moving Average with am exogenous signal) in Matlab and controller synthesis is achieved by a Pole placement control. Estimation system from a ARMAX is defined by third order and application of Pole placement control technique will be provide not only stability but also good performance for motion of hydraulic motor in any operation condition.

Asphalt와 Carbon Black을 처리한 TYPE Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅴ 시멘트의 몰탈 및 콘크리트 특성

황의환,조헌영,홍원표 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1987 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.2 No.2

ACTPC(Asphalt and Carbonblack Treated Portland Cement) Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅴ were made with TYPEⅠ, TYPEⅡ and TYPEⅤ cements by treating 0.5% straight asphalt and 0.4% carbon black, and their characteristics of paste, mortar and concrete were compared with those of TYPEⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅴ cements. The results are as fallows. 1. The cumulative hydration hear of ACTPCⅠcement was appeared to be the middle stage of TYPEⅠand TYPEⅡ cements. 2. During the hydration reaction, the dorment period of ACTPCⅠ cement is longer than that of TYPEⅠ cement, but the hydration heat of ACTPCⅠ cement measured after 16hours from water mixing increased more than that of TYPEⅠ cement. 3. ACTPCⅠ cement mortar showed nearly same resistance against H₂SO₄solution as that of TYPEⅤ(sulfur resisting cement). 4. The concrete flexural strength of ACTPCⅠ cement is increased to 60∼65% than that of TYPEⅠ cement and 20∼23% than that of TYPEⅡ cement. 5. The concrete tensile strength of ACTPCⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅴ cements are increased to 5∼7% than that of TYPE Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅴ cements.

디젤기관에서 매연과 NOx의 동시저감을 위한 모노에테르계 함산소연료와 EGR 방법의 조합에 관한 연구

최승훈,황윤택,김우상,오영택 전북대학교 공학연구원 ( 구 전북대학교 공업기술연구소 ) 2002 工學硏究 Vol.33 No.-

In this paper, the effect of oxygen component in fuel on the exhaust emissions has been investigated for a direct injection diesel engine. It was tested to estimate change of engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics for the commercial diesel fuel and oxygenated blended fuel which has seven kinds of mixed ratio. And, the effects of exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) on the characteristics of NO_x emission have been investigated. Ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether(EGBE) contains oxygen component 27% in itself, and it is a kind of effective oxygenated fuel of mono-ether group that the smoke emission of EGBE is reduced remarkably compared with commercial diesel fuel, that is, it can supply oxygen component sufficiently at higher loads and speeds in a diesel engine. It was found that simultaneous reduction of smoke and NO_x was achieved with oxygenated fuel and cooled EGR method.

응급실을 내원한 구강악안면외과 안면골 골절 환자의 변화에 대한 비교 연구

신상훈,성화식,강영훈,황대석,김용덕,김욱규,김종렬,정인교 부산대학교 병원 암연구소 2008 부산대병원학술지 Vol.- No.24

Although there have been many clinical studies about the facial trauma in the recent as well as in the past, severity and frequency of facial trauma are reported multifarious. It seemed to be because of variety of social, cultural, and environmental factors, and the view point of investigators. In this study, we investigated about the patients visiting emergency room during recent 4 years(2004-2007), and compared with retrospective study during former 10 years(1992-1996, 1999-2003) in Dept. OMS Pusan National University Hospital. We assessed the cause, type, demographic, etc, and analyzed alterations of facial bone fractures during past 3 periods. The results were as follows. The total number of patients was increased. 429 patients treated for maxillofacial fractures between January 1992 and December 1996, 466 patients treated between January 1992 and December 1996 and 764 patients treated between January 2004 and December 2007. The male-to-female ratio were 4.6:1, 3.9:1, and 4.16:1, respectively. Patient in the age groups of 10-19 years and 20-29 years increased in the latter two periods. Assaults and falls are decreased gradually, but slip down s are increased. Traffic accidents are still major cause of facial trauma. The mandibular fractures showed the highest incidence thorought three periods. Symphysis fractures of mandible was increased and condyle fractures of mandible was drecreased in the third period.

개에서 이중 결찰법을 통한 동맥관 개존증의 완치 예

윤헌영,정순욱,박희명,박철,정만복,김준영,한현정,황민,노병국,박상혁,장하영,박정윤 한국임상수의학회 2004 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

A ten months old, female Yorkshire terrier weighing 2.88 kg referred to veterinary teaching hospital of college of veterinary medicine, Konkuk University because of syncope, cough and dyspnea. First hematological and serum chemical test revealed thrombocytopenia, mild anemia, and increase of concentration of ALP (195 U/L). On 57 days later, second hematological and serum chemical test revealed polycythemia, increase of concentration of ALP (211 U/L), and Tchol (387 mg/dl). Right atrium enlargement, main pulmonary artery bulge and cardiomegaly (VHS = 11.5) were observed in radiographic findings. Ultrasonographic images showed both right and left ventricular dilation and turbulent flow between the descending aorta and the main pulmonary artery in color Doppler imaging. ECG showed left ventricular enlargement, SA block, and electrical alternant. Thoracotomy was performed through left fourth intercostal incision under isoflurane anesthesia. Patent ductus arteriosus was double ligated with 1-0 silk. Cough and dyspnea disappeared on 5 days after operation. Turbulent flow was not found in color doppler imaging of ultrasonography on 10 days after operation. Ten months later after the operation, syncope could not exist any more.

간염 환아에서의 B형 항원 및 항체의 빈도에 관한 연구

정용헌,황정순 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1984 충남의대잡지 Vol.11 No.1

The authors studied on 77 children with acute hepatitis who admitted to the pediatric department of Chungnam National University Hospital during the period of 2 years from April 1982 to March 1984 to observe frequency of Hepatitis B antigen & antibody and to analysis any differences between B and Non-B marker groups by age, sex, living place, duration of hospitalization and various lab. parameters. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Positive rates of HBs Ag., HBs Ab., HBc Ab. and HBe Ag. tested seperately were encountered in 20.8, 15.6, 29.9 and 14.3% respectively. 2. In cases tested both HBs Ag. & HBs Ab., positive rates of HBs Ag. or HBs Ab. and both were 16.9, 11.7 and 3.9%. 3. In cases tested HBs Ag., HBs Ab. and HBc Ab., positive rates of HBs Ag. or HBcAb. were 5.2 & 6.5%, those of HBs Ag. & HBc Ab. or HBs Ab. & HBc Ab. being each 11.7%, those of HBs Ag., HBs Ab. & HBc Ab. being 3.9%. 4. In cases tested HBs Ag., HBs Ab., HBc Ab. and HBe Ag., negative rates of HBs Ag or HBc Ab were 2.6% and 6.5% and positive rates of HBs Ag & HBc Ab being 3.9%, those of HBs Ab. & HBc Ab. being 3.9%, of HBs Ab. & HBc Ab. being 11. 7%, of HBs Ag, HBc Ab. & HBe Ag. being 7.8%, of HBs Ag. and HBeAg. 2.6% and of all antigen & antibody being 3.9%. 5. Hepatitis B marker demonstrated higher in older than younger age groups. 6. Childhood Hepatitis were more frequently occurred in boys than in girls and in urban than in rural area. 7. Duration of hospitalization is more prolonged in B-marker positive than in negative groups.

국내에서 생장한 Kenaf의 해부학적 특성

권영만,황원중,권성민,조준형,이명구,김남훈 江原大學校 森林科學硏究所 2005 Journal of Forest Science Vol.21 No.-

국내에서 재배한 kenaf의 해부학적 특성을 광학현미경법으로 조사하였다. Kenaf의 수피부에는 인피섬유, 사부방사조직, 피층유세포 등이 존해하였고, 목질부는 도관, 목섬유, 방사조직 등으로 구성되어 있었다. 도관은 고립관공과 2~3개가 방사방향으로 복합한 복합관공이 많이 존재하였고, 방사조직은 평복, 직립, 방형세포가 모두 분포하고 있었다. 접선단면에서 방사조직은 단열 및 다열방사조직으로 구성되었다. 수피비의 인피섬유층은 생장기간과 함께 증가하였다. Anatomical properties of Kenaf cultivated in Korea was investigated using light microscopy. Bast fiber, phloem ray and cortex parencyma cell were observed in bast, and vessel, wood fiber and rat in core. A lot of solitary and multiple radial pores in core existed. The cell type of ray parenchyma in radial section was procumbent, upright and square sell. Uniseriate and multiseriate rays existed in tangential section. The layer of bast fiber in bast increased with in creasing the growth period.