정신장애인 치료에 중요 역할 담당자의 정신질환에 대한 태도조사

김병후,정선욱,강연화,김윤,김창엽,홍진표,한오수,조맹제,김용익 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.5

Objectives : Attitudes of families of mentally ill, health personnels and community leaders to the mentally ill after the development and utilization of the community mental health program and reintegration of the chronically ill patients into society. This study was designed to compare the attitudes toward the mentally ill patient of the persons who have important role in treating the mentally ill and to find the variables influencing the attitudes. Methods : We measured attitudes toward mental illness in psychotic patients' families(N=139), community leaders(N=180) and health personnels(N=324) including mental health personnels before the implementation of community mental health services in Yonchon county and Seodaemun district area. The instrument used to measure attitudes was Opinion about Mental Illness(O. M. I.) scale. Results : 1) Health personnel showed lower Authoritarianism(Factor A) and higher Benevolence(Factor B) scores on the average than community leaders and psychotic patients families. 2) Current residence affect the attitudes in psychotic patients' families, not in community leaders and health personnels. Families in urban area showed lower Authoritarianism(Factor A) and Social Restrictiveness(Factor D) and higher Benevolence(Factor B) scores than in the rural areas. 3) Many patient variables were correlated to the attitudes of families. Duration of illness, number of recurrence, number of admission, age of patient and family burden were positively correlated mainly to Social Restrictiveness(Factor D). 4) Sex and religion of respondents showed no or weak relationship with the factor scores. Conclusions : Education for community leaders and families is required to achieve successful community mental health services. Community support program should be developed for chronic, recurrent and burdensome psychiatric patients in the first place.

合成洗劑가 빨간집모기의 生態, 生理學的 特性에 미치는 影響

金正和,李炯來,朴垠澈,李容揆,崔觀善 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1995 農業科學硏究 Vol.12 No.2

It is considered a general experience that migration from rural to urban areas will go on in any developing countries pursuing economic development through industralization. In Korea, migration is considered one of the serious socio- economic problems because it has been made excessively fast than any other countries' experiences. The socio- economic problems originates in migration can be classified in two ways ; the one is the overpopulated problems of urban areas and emptied villages problems of rural areas, and the other is the shartage agricultural labor farce problems symbolized by the increasing idle cultivated land. To relieve migration effectively, the developing policies should be converted from pursuing fast industralization and urbanization to balance growth between areas and industries. Moreover problem solving political measure should be converted from partial and corresponding approaches to total approaches containing economic, social and institutional side-view.

단전호흡 및 기춤이 청소년의 성격 형성에 미치는 영향

김연화 한국정신과학학회 1998 韓國精神科學學會誌 Vol.2 No.2

가치관의 혼돈과 교육 무질서로 인하여 비행 청소년이 급속도로 늘어나고 참을성의 부족 및 고 통을 극복해 낼 수 있는 강인함의 결여로 청소년 자살이 많아지고 있는 현 시점에서, 단전호흡 및 기춤 프로그램이 청소년의 올바른 성격 형성에 영향을 줄 수 있는지 그 가능성을 알아보고자 한다. According to the confused view of worth and education, the number of juvenile delinquency is growing rapidly And nowadays, the lack cf patience and a strong 써 It to cope with difficulties, the number of juvenile suicide is growing, too So, the propose of tills study is to investigate If the program of Danjeon Breathe and Qi Dance can produce a good effect on the right formation d' juvenile character.

뇌경색후 발생한 Cortical Spreading Depression과 뇌경색 범위에 관한 실험적 연구

박윤관,이승민,김세훈,이기찬,주정화,이훈갑 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.3

Cortical Spreading Depression(CSD) is a transient depression of neuronal activity that spreads across the cortical surface and is associated with profound changes in blood flow, extracellular ion concentration. Direct Current(DC) potentials and cell membrane potentials. One of the electrophysiological disturbance in the periinfarct surrounding is spontaneous occurrence of repeated CSD like DC shifts associated with increased energy demand. Due to restricted blood flow to the periinfarct border zone, elevated metabolic demand is potentially harzardous. So the authors designed this experiment to verify the correlation between periinfarct cortical spreading depression and ischemic volume following permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats(n=27) were anesthetized with 0.5∼1% halothane, and artificially ventilated through a tracheal cannula. Arterial pressure, blood gases and body temperature were controlled. The middle cerebral artery(MCA) was occluded distally to the lenticulostriate branches. Measurements of CSD activity were made for 4 hours in each animal. Infarct volume was determined 6 hours later in 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC)-stained sections. For 4 hours after MCA occlusion, the CSDs were found in all experimental animals with a range of 2∼9 times. Those CSDs wer of varying duration, : "small"(<1 min) and "big"(> 1 min) SDs and mean of total duration of SD was 10.5±10.3 min during 4 hours of MCA occlusion. Neuropathological evaluation of brain infarct in the rats, which had been allowed to survive for 6 hours after MCA occlusion showed a mean volume of 89.7±45.3㎣. Serial observation of duration of CSD showed progressive prolongation only in 8 rats. The rest of them(n=19) did not show any prolongation. Neither the prolongation of duration of CSD nor the frequency of CSD in the penumbral zone correlated with the volume of infarct. However total duration of CSD was slightly related with the infarct volume after 6 hours of the permanent MCA occlusion(r=0.414, p=0.0318).

백서 허혈성 국소 뇌경색에서의 소뇌 실정핵 자극 효과

박윤관,김대환,정흥섭,이기찬,주정화,이훈갑 대한신경외과학회 1996 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.25 No.3

Elecrical stimulation of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus(FN) increases cerebral blood flow(CBF) and reduces brain damage after focal cerebral ischemia. The authors studied whether the neuroprotection elicited from electrical stimulation of the cerebellar FN is attibutable to the elevation in regional CBF(rCBF) or reduction in release of excitatory amino acid. Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with a mixture of halothane(3% for the induction and 1% for maintenance) and oxygen, and artificially ventilated through a tracheal cannula. Arterial pressure, blood gases and body temperature were monitored. The middle cerebral artery(MCA) was occluded distal to the lenticulostriate branches. The FN was then stimulated for 1 hour(100uA : 50Hz : 1sec on/1sec off). The changes in rCBF were measured by hydrogen clearance method for 2 hours, over the regions corresponding to the ischemic core and penumbra. Postischemic release of glutamate and aspartate were measured by microdialysis for 2 hours at the same site of measurement of rCBF. Infarct volume was determined 8 hours later in 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC)-stained sections. FN stimulation(n=12) increased mean arterial pressure by 28±16mmHg. In nonstimulated control rats(n=12), mean AP was not changed significantly during the experimental procedures. Compared with nonstimulated animal, stimulation of FN for 1 hour following MCA occlusion significantly increased rCBF in ischemic core and penumbra by 53.6% and 67.6% respectively. And the volume of infarction decreased by 42% at 8 hours after MCA occlusion. The concentration of glutamate and aspartate in ischemic core after MCA occlusion increased both in the control group(to 12.2±3.3 folds and 10.4±4.1 folds, respectively) and in the stimulation group(10.5±2.8 and 11.2±4.1 folds, respectively). The concentration of glutamate and aspartate in penumbra did change significantly neither in the control group(to 2.5±1.3 folds and 1.8±0.6 folds, respectively) nor in the stimulation group(1.9±0.5 folds and 2.1±0.4 folds, respectively). There was no significant difference between the two groups. These data indicate that neuroprotection elicited from electrical stimulation of the erebellar FN is attributable to the elevation in rCBF but no to the reduction in release of excitatory amino acid.

실험적 뇌경색의 형태학적 관찰에서 Neutral Red와 Tetrazolium Salt 교차 염색의 의의

서정호,박윤관,김명현,정용구,정흥섭,서중근,이훈갑,주정화,이기찬 대한신경외과학회 1992 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.21 No.8

Serial changes in the size of infarcted area induced by MCA occlusion(MCAO) were compared with Neutral Red(NR) and 2,3,5-Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC) stains. The differences in size of the infarcted area as shown by the 2 stains and its significance were also evaluated. The experimental animals were divided into 7 groups, with each group consisting of rats; these groups were stained at 2,4,6,8,12,24 and 48 hours after MCAO. After MCAO, NR was infused into the femoral vein, after which the brain was removed, the frontal pole of the brain cut into 1.5㎜ sections, and each section photographed. Then, the NR-stained sections were immersed in TTC solution for 45 minutes and photographed. Results showed that the infarcted area progressively increased according to time duration after MCAO(one-way ANOVA, p<0.01). Between 4 and 6 hour groups, the difference of the infarcted area was greater than at any other timed groups, this being statisfically significant(unpaired t-test, p<0.05). After 6 hours, the infarcted area with NR stain became relatively stable. In contrast, however, the infracted area with TTC stain did not stabilize, but continued to increase up to 24 hours. Overall, the infarcted area with NR stain was greater than with TTC stain in all the timed groups(paired t-test, p<0.05). As time progressed, the differences tended to decrease 48 hours post occlusion. In our study, serial changes of the ischemic penumbra area were evaluated by staining the ischemic area simultaneously with Neutral red and TTC stain. The results suggest that the ischemic penumbra area may still persist even after 48 hours post-MCAO.

Stromal CD10 expression and relationship to the E-cadherin/&bgr;-catenin complex in breast carcinoma

Kim, Hyun-Soo,Kim, Gou Young,Kim, Youn Wha,Park, Yong-Koo,Song, Jeong-Yoon,Lim, Sung-Jig Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Histopathology Vol.56 No.6

<P>Kim H-S, Kim G Y, Kim Y W, Park Y-K, Song J-Y & Lim S-J(2010) <I>Histopathology</I> <B>56,</B> 708–719Stromal CD10 expression and relationship to the E-cadherin/&bgr;-catenin complex in breast carcinoma</P><P>Aims: </P><P>Previous investigations have indicated that stromal CD10 expression, and altered levels of both E-cadherin and &bgr;-catenin, are associated with the biological aggressiveness of human carcinoma. The aim was to evaluate stromal CD10 expression and the association of stromal CD10 with E-cadherin and &bgr;-catenin in breast carcinoma.</P><P>Methods and results: </P><P>The expression of CD10, E-cadherin and &bgr;-catenin was immunohistochemically analysed in tissue microarrays containing 104 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and 10 cases of ductal carcinoma <I>in situ</I> (DCIS). Stromal CD10 was detected in 49.5% (50/101) of the IDC. No immunoreactivity was identified in the stromal cells of normal breast, DCIS or intraductal components of IDC. Accumulation of the cytoplasmic &bgr;-catenin was found in 87.0% (87/100) of the IDC. Stromal CD10 expression in IDC was significantly correlated with tumour size (<I>P</I> = 0.027), stage (<I>P</I> < 0.001) and histological grade (<I>P</I> = 0.006), the presence of nodal (<I>P</I> = 0.048) and distant (<I>P</I> = 0.015) metastases, oestrogen receptor-negative status (<I>P</I> = 0.016), cytoplasmic &bgr;-catenin accumulation (<I>P</I> = 0.031) and lower overall survival rate (<I>P</I> = 0.041).</P><P>Conclusions: </P><P>Stromal CD10 expression in IDC may constitute an important prognostic marker. Stromal CD10 expression with associated aggressive features might be related to aberrant &bgr;-catenin expression.</P>

Antioxidant effect of vitamin A in STZ-induced diabetic rats

Mi-Youn Kim,Ji-Hye Kim,Pan-Kyeom Kim,Hyun-Jung Kim,Chan-Wha Kim 한국생물공학회 2007 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.10

암 환자에서의 세포성 면역 - 2 . 자연살해세포 매개 세포파괴능의 변동

김동집 ( Dong Jip Kim ),김춘추 ( Choon Choo Kim ),김원일 ( Won Il Kim ),김호연 ( Ho Youn Kim ),김훈교 ( Hoon Kyo Kim ),한치화 ( Chi Wha Han ),박종원 ( Chong Won Park ),이연태 ( Youn Tae Lee ) 대한내과학회 1981 대한내과학회지 Vol.24 No.6

Protective Effects of EGCG on UVB-Induced Damage in Living Skin Equivalents

Kim, So-Young,Kim, Dong-Seok,Kwon, Sun-Bang,Park, Eun-Sang,Huh, Chang-Hun,Youn, Sang-Woong,Kim, Suk-Wha,Park, Kyoung-Chan The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.7

In this study, we evaluate the effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on ultraviolet B(UVB)-irradiated living skin equivalents (LSEs). Histologically, UVB irradiation induced thinning of the LSE epidermis, whereas EGCG treatment led to thickening of the epidermis. Moreover, EGCG treatment protected LSEs against damage and breakdown caused by UVB exposure. Immunohistochemically, UVB-exposed LSEs expressed p53, Fas, and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), all of which are associated with apoptosis. However, EGCG treatment reduced the levels of UVB-induced apoptotic markers in the LSEs. In order to determine the signaling pathways induced by UVB, Western blot analysis was performed for both c-Jun $NH_2$-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which are associated with UVB-induced oxidative stress. UVB activated JNK in the epidermis and dermis of the LSEs, and EGCG treatment reduced the UVB-induced phosphorylation of JNK. In addition, p38 MAPK was also found to have increased in the UVB-exposed LSEs. Also, EGCG reduced levels of the phosphorylation of UVB-induced p38 MAPK. In conclusion, pretreatment with EGCG protects against UVB irradiation via the suppression of JNK and p38 MAPK activation. Our results suggest that EGCG may be useful in the prevention of UVB-induced human skin damage, and LSEs may constitute a potential substitute for animal and human studies.