Development of self-microemulsifying bilayer tablets for pH-independent fast release of candesartan cilexetil.

Sohn, Yesung,Lee, Su Yeon,Lee, Ga Hyeon,Na, Yeon-Joo,Kim, Seong Yeon,Seong, Ilkyeong,Lee, Beom-Jin,Kuh, Hyo-Jeong,Lee, Jaehwi Govi-Verlag Pharmazeutischer Verlag [etc.] ; Verla 2012 PHARMAZIE Vol.67 No.11

<P>The aim of this study was to design self-microemulsifying tablets for pH-independent fast release of poorly soluble candesartan cilexetil (CDC). To improve the solubility of CDC, a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) was prepared composed of Capryol 90, Tween 80 and tetraglycol at a ratio of 5:35:60. Drug containing SMEDDS was adsorbed onto Fujicalin and Neusilin UFL2, respectively, used as solidification carriers and subsequently compressed into tablets (self-microemulsifying tablet, SMET). SMET using Fujicalin exhibited immediate CDC release in pH 1.2 medium while Neusilin UFL2-based SMET showed fast release, especially at pH 6.5. Thus, optimized SMET could be produced with one layer of Fujicalin and the other layer with Neusilin UFL2, demonstrating CDC release of 75% of the initial dose within 15 min in all pH conditions (1.2, 4.5, and 6.5). The average diameter of emulsion droplets formed from SMET was less than 200 nm. It was thus expected that Fujicalin and Neusilin UFL2-based bi-layer SMET would overcome low oral bioavailability of CDC due to its limited solubility at physiological pH conditions in the gastrointestinal tract.</P>

Long working hours and risk of hypothyroidism in healthy workers: a cohort study

Lee Yesung,Lee Woncheol,김형렬 한국역학회 2022 Epidemiology and Health Vol.44 No.-

OBJECTIVES: Long working hours have been reported to cause various health problems. However, long working hours are currently practiced in many countries. To confirm the consistency with a previous study, the authors aimed to elucidate the causal relationship between long working hours and hypothyroidism through a longitudinal study. METHODS: Data was collected at baseline from 45,259 participants without thyroid disease and with no change in groups of weekly working hours, which were categorized into 36–40, 41–52, 53–60, and > 60 hours, during follow-up period. Hypothyroidism was defined using the reference limits of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine levels. By estimating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, the risk of incident hypothyroidism was evaluated with weekly working 36–40 hours as the reference. RESULTS: During 138,261.7 person-years of follow-up, 2,914 participants developed hypothyroidism (incidence density, 2.11 per 102 person-years). Multivariable-adjusted HRs of incident hypothyroidism for weekly working 41–52, 53–60, and > 60 hours compared with the reference group were 1.13 (95% CI 1.03–1.24), 2.53 (95% CI, 2.17–2.95), and 2.57 (95% CI, 2.09– 3.15), respectively. In dose-response analyses, long working hours had an approximately linear relationship with the incidence of hypothyroidism. The risk of incident hypothyroidism in weekly working 53–60 and > 60 hours compared with the reference group were significantly higher among the older age group (≥ 36 years, stratified by median age), men, and daytime workers. CONCLUSIONS: This large-scale cohort study demonstrated the association between long working hours and the increased risk of incident hypothyroidism with a dose-response relationship.

Quality Characteristics of Spirits Prepared by Different Distillation and Filtrations

Yesung Hur,Younhee Lee,Hyungsuk Shim,Gyunho Bae,Sung Hoon Oh,JingJing Ti,Seungui Cheon,Taekil Eom,Misook Kim,Youngseung Lee,Yoonhwa Jeong 한국식품영양과학회 2013 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2013 No.11

Long working hours and the risk of hypothyroidism in healthy Korean workers: a cohort study

Yesung Lee,Woncheol Lee,Hyoung-Ryoul Kim 한국역학회 2022 Epidemiology and Health Vol.44 No.-

OBJECTIVES Long working hours have been reported to cause various health problems, but are currently practiced in many countries. Building upon a previous cross-sectional study, the authors aimed to elucidate the causal relationship between long working hours and hypothyroidism through a longitudinal study. METHODS Data were collected at baseline from 45,259 participants without thyroid disease and with consistent weekly working hours (36-40, 41-52, 53-60, and >60 hours) during the follow-up period. Hypothyroidism was defined using the reference limits of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroxine levels. By estimating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, the risk of incident hypothyroidism was evaluated with 36-40 hours of work per week as the reference. RESULTS During 138,261.7 person-years of follow-up, 2,914 participants developed hypothyroidism (incidence density, 2.11/102 person-years). The multivariable-adjusted HRs of incident hypothyroidism for 41-52 hours, 53-60 hours, and >60 hours of work per week were 1.13 (95% CI, 1.03 to 1.24), 2.53 (95% CI, 2.17 to 2.95), and 2.57 (95% CI, 2.09 to 3.15), respectively. In dose-response analyses, long working hours had an approximately linear relationship with hypothyroidism incidence. The risk of incident hypothyroidism in those who worked 53-60 hours and >60 hours per week compared with the reference group was significantly higher among the older age group (≥36 years, stratified by median age), men, and daytime workers. CONCLUSIONS This large-scale cohort study demonstrated the association between long working hours and an increased risk of incident hypothyroidism with a dose-response relationship.

스마트폰 환경에서 모션 센서와 손 떨림으로 인한 노이즈의 상관관계 분석

문예성(Yesung Moon),이현우(Hyunwoo Lee),이동원(Dong Won Lee),황민철(Mincheol Whang) 한국HCI학회 2019 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.2

“누구에게나 `어려움`은 있다”: 정신적 장애 개념의 대안적 실천과 한계

이예성 ( Lee Yesung ) 한국문화인류학회 2017 韓國文化人類學 Vol.50 No.2

본 연구는 한국 사회에서 나타나는 정신적 장애 개념의 의미를 한 청년대안학교의 사례와 이 시설의 구성원들의 경험을 통해 탐구한다. 서울시에 위치한 청년대안학교 드림칼리지는 대부분 정신적 장애 진단이 있는 학생들로 구성된 시설이지만, 이곳은 장애인을 위한 학교 임을 표방하지 않으며, 특히 이곳에서는 장애라는 개념이 사용되지 않는다. 반면 드림칼리 지에서는 보다 관계적이고, 맥락적이며, 유연한 개념인 `어려움`이 존재한다. `어려움`은 상황 에 따라 발생하고 조절되는 것으로 학생들이 주로 인식하는 `어려움`은 장애 그 차제는 아니다. `어려움` 개념을 바탕으로 이루어지는 드림칼리지의 대안적 실천에도 불구하고, 드림칼 리지와 학생 및 부모는 외부 사회에서 요구하는 현실 때문에 장애라는 개념을 불러와야 하는 상황에 마주한다. 이것은 대안적 개념과 실천 방식 자체의 한계 때문이 아니라 정신적 장애 개념이 가지는 사회적 권위 때문이라고 해석된다. 이러한 이해를 바탕으로 본 연구는 한 국사회의 정신적 장애 개념의 의미를 장애인 복지제도의 역사적·정치적 맥락, 정신적 장애의 진단 및 등록 과정, 이를 둘러싼 부모와 학생들의 경험을 분석한다. `어려움`과 비교하여 정신적 장애는 부모를 포함한 개인에게 귀속되는 개념이고, 전문적·관료적 영역에서 범주 화되며, 탈맥락적인 특성을 가진다. 이러한 특성으로 인해 장애는 개인의 몫, 가족, 특히 부모의 몫으로 개별화되는 경향이 있으며, 정신적 장애를 가졌다고 여겨지는 청년들은 끊임 없이 사회에서 고립될 가능성에 노출되어 있다. 드림칼리지의 학생들과 가족은 장애와 `어려움`이라는 두 모호한 개념 사이에서 살고 있지만, 두 개념이 내포하는 전제와 지향에는 큰 차이가 있다. In this article, I explore the meaning of the concept of mental disability in South Korea through the experiences of youth in an alternative school for adults. I also explore the traits of the facility, Dream College. Most of the students have mental disabilities and other related diagnoses. However, Dream College is not a facility for the disabled since the concept of disability is not used. Instead, there is the notion of “difficulty.” “Difficulty” is not merely an alternative terminology of disability but has conceptual differences. Hence, what the students feel to be difficulties are not consistent with the diagnoses of disability. Despite the alternative practice, which is based on the concept of “difficulty,” Dream College sometimes faces a situation in which it is necessary to use the concept of disability because in the outside world, they are just treated as disabled. Not only is the concept of “difficulty” not prevalent outside, but government or financial support organizations demand the definite definition of the students as disabled. This paper suggests that this situation is not because of the limits of the alternative practice itself, but because of the social authority of the concept of mental disability. I analyze the meaning of the concept of mental disability based on the historical and political context of the welfare system of the disabled, diagnosis or registration process of mental disability, and the experience of parents and students surrounding it. Compared with “difficulty,” mental disability is attributed to individuals such as the patient and patient`s parents, categorized in the professional and bureaucratic domains, and easily intervened in a decontextualized manner. In relation to this conceptual characteristic, disability is personalized to the individual, family, and especially to the parents. In this context, young people who are considered to have mental disabilities are exposed to the possibility of constant isolation from society. Students and families at Dream College live between two blurred concepts of disability and “difficulty,” but there are differences between the premises and the orientations that the two concepts imply.

《논어》 “문막오유인(文莫吾猶人)” 재탐(再探)

이예성 ( Lee Yesung ),이강재 ( Lee Kangjae ) 한국중국어문학회 2016 中國文學 Vol.88 No.-

본 논문은 《논어》〈述而〉편에 출현하는 “子曰, `文莫吾猶人也, 躬行君子則吾未之有得。`” 장 중, 역대 주석가들의 異說이 존재하는 `文莫`의 해석에 전적으로 동의하기에 한계가 있어, 통사 · 어휘적 의미 분석을 통하여 諸家의 견해를 재검토하고, 《좌전》의 `莫`의 용례와의 비교, 자형 · 화용 · 음운 측면의 분석을 추가하여, `文莫`에 대한 가장 적합한 의미를 찾고자 하였다. 이를 통해, 기존 주석에 의존하지 아니하고 새로운 시각으로 원문 본연의 의미를 파악하고자 한다.

영문 이력서 고찰

이예성(Lee, YeSung) 國際言語文學會 2011 國際言語文學 Vol.- No.24

REcode: 프로그램 분석 도구를 쉽게 적용할 수 있는 VS Code 확장 플러그인

이예성(Yesung Lee),백소연(Soyeon Baek),이성호(Sungho Lee) 한국정보과학회 2022 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2022 No.12

자녀를 잃은 부모의 젠더에 따른 상실감 차이에 관한 연구

이현정(Lee, Hyeon Jung),이예성(Lee, Yesung) 한국가족학회 2018 가족과 문화 Vol.30 No.3

본 논문은 세월호 참사로 자녀를 잃은 유가족 부모가 젠더에 따라서 어떻게 상실감을 공통적으로 혹은 다르게 경험하는가를 살펴보고자 하는 목적으로 작성되었다. 본 연구를 위해, 4.16기억저장소에서 수집하여 편찬한 <4.16구술증언록: 유가족편> 1권부터 25권까지 총 25권의 구술공개본이 분석 자료로 활용되었다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 세월호 참사로 자녀를 잃은 유가족 부모는 아버지 어머니 구별 없이 공통적인 감정을 경험하고 있었는데, 그 내용은 무엇보다 자녀에 대한 견딜 수 없는 그리움과 자녀에게 충분히 잘해주지 못한 것에 대한 미안함이 주를 이루고 있었다. 또한 세월호 참사가 가지고 있는 이후 상황 전개의 특수성으로 인해, 국가, 언론, 참사 책임자 및 지배집단에 대한 분노 및 실망감과 가족, 이웃, 종교로부터의 상처와 소외감을 부모 모두 경험하고 있었다. 그러나 부모가 서로 다르게 경험하는 부분도 나타났다. 아버지의 경우에는 돈벌이에 집중했던 삶이나 자녀와 가깝지 못했던 태도에 대한 후회가 주를 이뤘으며, 참사 이후 직장과 사회생활에서 멀어져버린 자신의 삶을 실패로 규정하기도 하였다. 또한 알코올 의존과 인지기능 장애가 나타나는 양상을 보였다. 반면 어머니의 경우에는 주로 자녀가 어릴 때 좀 더 충분한 보살핌을 제공하지 못했던 것에 대해 구체적인 에피소드를 통해 아쉬움과 미안함을 표현했으며, 또 손상된 자녀의 시신을 직접 만지지 못했던 자신에 대한 원망과 후회도 있었다. 자녀를 잃어버린 이후에 남편을 비롯한 시가족에 대한 불만이 솟구쳐 오르는 모습도 나타났으며, 우울증이나 신체적인 통증을 호소하였다. 이번 연구는 세월호 유가족의 상실감이 한국 사회의 젠더 규범과 상당히 조응하고 있다는 점을 드러낼 뿐 아니라, 앞으로 이들의 감정적 경험에 대해서 보다 세부적이고 깊이 있는 이해가 필요하다는 점을 환기시켜준다. 또한 유가족 부모의 삶의 재건을 위해서는 젠더별 차이를 고려한 보다 효과적인 지원책이 마련될 필요가 있다는 점을 시사한다. This paper aims to examine how the parents who lost their child in the Sewol ferry disaster have experienced the feeling of loss differently according to their gender. For this study, 25 volumes of 4.16 Oral Testimonies: The Bereaved Families compiled at 4.16 Memory Archive were used as the main data for analysis. The results are as follows. On the one hand, the bereaved parents who lost their child in the Sewol ferry disaster have experienced common feelings of loss, regardless of gender, particularly in terms of unbearable longing and sorrow for their lost child. Additionally, due to the unique nature of the post-disastrous situations, fathers and mothers have felt anger and disappointment at the government, officials, the media, and professional elites. They have also been hurt and alienated from their families, neighbors, and religious organizations. On the other hand, however, fathers and mothers have experienced feelings of loss differently. In the case of fathers, they have regretted their previous lives focusing on making money and their indifferent attitudes toward their child. Moreover, no longer continuing their jobs and social life, fathers have tended to regard their life as failure. They have also showed signs of alcohol dependency and cognitive impairment. Comparatively, mothers have rather felt sorry about not having been able to provide more care for their children when they had been little. Mothers have also showed remorse for not having been able to touch their child s damaged body when they first met the corpse at the port. Furthermore, after the child loss, they have tended to make distance from their families, particularly their husbands and in-laws, while suffering from depression and somatization.