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Gwang Yeon Gi,Taek Sang Na,Ya Song Lee,Mi Hyang Jang,Kyung Cheuol Cho,In Taek Hwang,Joung Keun Kim,Hyung Ki Lim,Hong Jae Kim,Tae Ho Han 한국육종학회 2007 한국육종학회지 Vol.39 No.4
A new dark pink colored standard rose (Rosa hybrida Hort.) cultivar, 'Global Pink' was developed by the cross between 'Nobless' and 'Belami' at the Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extention Services (JARES) through seedling and line selection in 2003 and characteristic evaluations during 2004~2006. 'Global Pink' showed Red purple group color (RHS No. 65B), very weak fragrance, and standard flower with good harmony between ray florlet and flower center. Its yield was 134 stems/m2 averaged over three years (2004-2007). It showed 10 days vase life and was resistant to powdery mildew. This cultivar was registered as a commercial cultivar in 2007. It can be cultured in greenhouses in Korea and will be released to the farmers in 2009.
Microemulsion-based Hydrogel Formulation of Itraconazole for Topical Delivery
Lee, Eun-A,Balakrishnan, Prabagar,Song, Chung-Kil,Choi, Joon-Ho,Noh, Ga-Ya,Park, Chun-Geon,Choi, Ae-Jin,Chung, Suk-Jae,Shim, Chang-Koo,Kim, Dae-Duk The Korean Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences and 2010 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.40 No.5
The present study was aimed at preparing microemulsion-based hydrogel (MBH) for the skin delivery of itraconazole. Microemulsion prepared with Transcutol as a surfactant, benzyl alcohol as an oil and the mixture of ethanol and phasphatidyl choline (3:2) as a cosurfactant were characterized by solubility, phase diagram, particle size. MBHs were prepared using 0.7 % of xanthan gum (F1-1) or carbopol 940 (F1-2) as gelling agents and characterized by viscosity studies. The in vitro permeation data obtained by using the Franz diffusion cells and hairless mouse skin showed that the optimized microemulsion (F1) consisting of itraconazole (1% w/w), benzyl alcohol (10% w/w), Transcutol (10% w/w) and the mixture of ethanol and phospahtidylcholine (3:2) (10% w/w) and water (49% w/w) showed significant difference in the flux (${\sim}1{\mu}g/cm^2/h$) with their corresponding MBHs (0.25-0.64 ${\mu}g/cm^2/h$). However, the in vitro skin drug content showed no significant difference between F1 and F1-1, while F1-2 showed significantly low skin drug content. The effect of the amount of drug loading (0.02, 1 and 1.5% w/w) on the optimized MBH (F1-2) showed that the permeation and skin drug content increased with higher drug loading (1.5%). The in vivo study of the optimized MBH (F1-2 with1.5% w/w drug loading) showed that this formulation could be used as a potential topical formulation for itraconazole.
제품다각화와 국제다각화가 기업성과에 미치는 영향 - 중국 상장기업을 중심으로-
송아남 ( Ya Nan Song ),오미단 ( Mei Dan Wu ),이재호 ( Jae Ho Lee ) 국제지역학회 2017 국제지역연구 Vol.21 No.1
지속적인 경쟁우위를 확보하기 위해 기업은 다각화 전략을 선택한다. 그러나 다각화 전략은 언제나 성공하는 것이 아니며, 다각화 전략의 종류, 수준에 따라 상이하다. 본 연구는 다각화 전략을 제품다각화 수준과 국제다각화 수준으로 구분하고 각각 기업경영성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 중국 88개 상장기업을 대상으로 2008년부터 2013년까지의 재무데이터를 활용하였으며, 고정효과모형으로 실증분석을 하였다. 실증분석결과에 따르면 제품다각화 전략수준과 국제다각화 전략수준이 높으면 높을수록 다각화 당시의 기업 가치는 높아지지만, 수익성에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 다각화 전략이 이윤을 창출하기까지 시간이 필요한 것을 감안하여 다각화 전략이 1년 뒤의 수익성에 영향을 미치는 지를 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 제품다각화 수준은 여전히 기업 수익성에 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났고, 국제다각화 수준은 기업의 수익성에 부의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. Diversification strategy is important for the enterprise which intends to expand its competitive advantage. However, it is not always a success because of its different form and level which brings us totally different results also. This study analysis the effect from diversification strategy on firm performance and we divided the diversification strategy into two different level: products diversification level and international diversification level. We select financial data from 88 China listed enterprises during the year from 2008-2013 and use fixed effect model to do the analysis. According to the result, there is a positive effect between diversification strategy and firm value. A company which has the higher products diversification level and international diversification level will more possibly achieve success in diversification strategy. However, there is no significant effect on firm`s profit. Considering the time effect of profit, we used after 1 year profit data and find that the enterprise which has a higher level of international diversification will have less profit, but there is also no significant effect between product diversification and firm`s profit.
Microemulsion-based Hydrogel Formulation of Itraconazole for Topical Delivery
( Eun A Lee ),( Prabagar Balakrishnan ),( Chung Kil Song ),( Joon Ho Choi ),( Ga Ya Noh ),( Chun Geon Park ),( Ae Jin Choi ),( Suk Jae Chung ),( Chang Koo Shim ),( Dae Duk Kim ) 한국약제학회 2010 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.40 No.5
비파열 자궁외임신 158례에 있어서 Methotrexate 근주치료의 임상적 연구
최유덕,최승헌,송현진,조영아,박남규,이금주 대한산부인과학회 1996 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.39 No.1
저자는 중앙길병원 최유덕 산부인과에서 1993년 7월 1일부터 1995년 2월 28일까지 비파열 난관임신으로 진단된 158례를 대상으로 내과적 치료의 유의성 여부를 규명할 목적으로 MTX 근주 투여법으로 치료하여 다음과 같은 임상결과를 얻었다. 1. 자궁외임신의 호발연령은 25세-34세로 전체의 64.6%였다. 2. 대상중 과거 임신경험이 있는 여성은 77.8%, 출산경험이 있는 여성은 57%, 인공유산의 경험이 있는 부인은 67.7%였다. 3. 대상의 평균 자궁외임신 기간은 7.3주였다. 4. MTX 치료로 158례중 148례 94.0%가 치유되었다. 5. 치유기간은 평균 21일이 소요되었다. 6. 약물에 대한 부작용은 158례 중 58례, 36.7%였으나 경미한 증상이었다. 7. 총 158레 중 97명이 HSG를 시행했으며 이들 총 173 난관 중 157 난관이(90.7%) 소통성을 유지하였다. 8. 97명중 24명(24.7%)이 임신이 되었고 이 중 23명(95.1%)은 자궁내임신이 되었다. 이 중 2명은 자연유산 되었고(8.4%), 1명(4.2%)은 다시 자궁밖 임신이 재발되었다. 이상의 결과로 자궁외임신은 성적활동이 왕성한 24-35세의 연령에서 주로 발생하고, 과거 임신력, 출산력, 인공유산 병력이 자궁외임신의 발병요인으로 사료된다. MTX 근주요법은 비파열 자궁외임신의 치료로써 외과적 치료방법을 대신할 새로운 방법이라고 판단된다. 그러나 이는 성공율이 아직 94% 정도이므로 엄격한 환자 선정기준으로 치료의 효율을 높여야겠고, HCG가 낮거나 또는 감소되는 환자에서도 난관파열이 올 수 있으므로, 증상이 없고, HCG가 낮고, HCG가 감소되는 추세인 환자라 할지라도 면밀한 관찰이 요구된다. 또한 MTX 투여방법에 따르는 독성 부작용의 증감 및 입원기간의 차이와 함께 빈번한 검사를 극복하는 방안이 고안되어야 하고 치료후의 차후 임신에 대한 영향도 더 규명되어야 한다. Objective: To evaluate safety and efficiency of intramuscular Methotrexate(MTX) to treatment of ectopic pregnancy(EP). Design: Nonrandomised trial of MTX treatment of EP. Patient: One hundred and fifty eight patients with unruptured EP diagnosed by serial beta-HCG, Endovaginal U.S.G and Diagnostic endoscopy: criteria of patient selection were. 1. No larger than 3.0 cm in diameter of ectopic pregnancy. 2. No more than 6,000 mIU/ml of serum beta-HCG if possble. 3. No intraperitoneal hemorrhage with intact tubal serosa. 4. Desires fertility and agree MTX treatment. Treatment consisted MTX, 1.0 mg/kg in combination with citomorum rescue 0.1 mg/kg, alternatively for 4 times each. Result: 1. The most prevalent age group was 25-34 year old, 64.6% of all. 2. Average duration of ctopic gestation was 7.3 weeks. 3. Sucess rate was 94.0% in intramuscular MTX treatment. 4. Mean duration of resolution was 21 days. 5. Side effect rate was 36.7% but severity of symptoms was so mild that not any case of organ dysfuntion was occured. 6. Post MTX tubal patency rate was 90.7%. 7. Post MTX pregnancy rate was 24.7% and abortion rate was 8.4%. Conclusion: Treatment by intramuscular injection of MTX expects to be one of the therapies alternating to surgery. MTX injection does not modify tubal or pelvic anatomy by the follow up+HSG and it dose not appear to impair subsequent outcome. However sucess rate remained still 94.0% with MTX toxicy rate of 36.7%. Therefore patients selection criteria and MTX dosage adjustment are more strictly required for rising sucess rate anf avoidance of toxic complications.
Li, Wei,Sun, Ya Nan,Yan, Xi Tao,Yang, Seo Young,Song, Seok Bean,Lee, Young Mi,Kim, Young Ho American Chemical Society 2013 Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol.61 No.29
<P>Twelve compounds, including six sucrose fatty acid esters (<B>1</B>–<B>6</B>), four galactosyl acylglycerols (<B>7</B>–<B>10</B>), and two sphingolipids (<B>11</B> and <B>12</B>), were isolated from the roots of Astragalus membranaceus. Their structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Among the isolated sucrose fatty acid esters, 6′-<I>O</I>-linoleyl sucrose (<B>1</B>) was identified as a new compound, and 6′-<I>O</I>-palmitoyl sucrose (<B>2</B>) and 6-<I>O</I>-palmitoyl sucrose (<B>3</B>) were isolated from nature for the first time. This is the first report on sucrose fatty acid ester components from <I>A. membranaceus</I>. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitory activity of isolated compounds was measured in HepG2 cells stimulated with TNF-α using a luciferase reporter system. Among them, compounds <B>1</B>–<B>6</B> exhibited significant inhibition of NF-κB activation in a dose-dependent manner, with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values ranging from 4.4 to 24.7 μM. Compounds <B>1</B>–<B>6</B> also exhibited inhibition of TNF-α-induced expression of iNOS and ICAM-1 mRNA and dose-dependent inhibition of iNOS promoter activity, with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values ranging from 3.3 to 5.0 μM. These data demonstrate the potential of sucrose fatty acid esters from <I>A. membranaceus</I> to prevent and treat inflammatory diseases.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jafcau/2013/jafcau.2013.61.issue-29/jf4017509/production/images/medium/jf-2013-017509_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jf4017509'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>