지하철의 사상사고 및 운전장애 분석에 관한 연구

이동훈,목연수,장성록,권혁무,윤원영,옥영석,최용석,배동철 한국산업안전학회 1999 한국안전학회지 Vol.14 No.3

The purpose of this study is to analyze death injuries and operation troubles of urban transit. No difference was shown in death rates between Line 1 of Pusan urban transit and Line 5, 7, and 8 of Seoul metropolitan transit. And relief time by another train did not depend upon the number of crews. We concluded that thorough inspection and preventive maintenance of trains and facilities are necessary for safe and timely service of urban transit.

3 성분계 유기용제의 인화특성에 관한 연구

최재욱,하동명,목연수,임우섭,최일곤,조태제 한국산업안전학회 1999 한국안전학회지 Vol.14 No.3

This study was accomplished by measuring the lower and upper flash point with air blowing method and grasping the characteristics of flammability for the three component systems, which are made up of the Benzene-Toluene-o-Xylene and Methylethylketone-Toluene-o-Xylene. These three component systems are widely used in the various industrial fields together with the development of industry. The results are as follows ; 1) Isothermal line is plotted on the triangular diagram for flash points determined in each solutions. From this line, the mixed compositions which indicated the same lower and upper flash points in each different composition could be read on this diagram, if the composition of mixtures are known. 2) Lower and upper explosion limits obtained from the flash points determined for the three component solution are compared with the value calculated from Le Chatelier's law. Especially the lower explosion limits are in a good agreement with the calculated values.

진동형 분진 최소착화에너지측정장치에서 분진 응집현상이 미치는 영향

정재희,최충석,목연수,최광석,황명환,우인성,Yamaguma, M.,Kodama, T.,Cheung, W.L. 한국산업안전학회 1999 한국안전학회지 Vol.14 No.3

It is widely recognized that Hartmann tube for measuring the minimum ignition energy(MIE) of powder. But It requires long time and operational skills for measuring. As a variety of new fine powders are being produced day by day in industry, Japen has been developing a measurement system which employs a new method to create a dust/air mixture in a miniature combustion box. In this system, by vibration, the powder is successively fed downward through a hopper made up of metal mesh, and then it is formed into a thin, certain-like, dust/air mixture. With this new apparatus, three types of powder-Lycopodium, Anthraquinone, and Polyacrylonitrile-were tested and the data of MIE were compared with those of a conventional apparatus (the Hartmann tube). Two of them agreed satisfactory, but the other, Anthraquinone, showed quite different values. It is guessed that the agglomerations of the powder particles appear because of particle shapes, static-charge and humidity.

도장 폐기물의 자연발화에 관한 연구

최재욱,목연수,옥곤,사공성호 한국산업안전학회 1999 한국안전학회지 Vol.14 No.2

The characteristics of spontaneous ignition of painting waste was investigated at constant ambient temperature in oven. As the results of experiments, the spontaneous ignition temperature decreased as the sample vessel became large, and the spontaneous ignition temperature of the sample in small, intermediate and large vessels was 165.5℃, 144.5℃ and 134.5℃ respectively. The apparent activation energy calculated by the Frank-Kamentskii's thermal ignition theory was 34.73 ㎉/㏖.

조선업 협력업체의 안전관리 모델에 관한 연구

이동훈,목연수,장성록,고성석 한국산업안전학회 1999 한국안전학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Due to the work characteristics of shipyard industry, subcontractors are essential and employees of them consist of 25% of the total employee. Problems of their safety management are as follows; - obscurity of safety management responsibility - flimsiness of subcontractor's safety awareness - absence of ability to develop safety techniques and to provide safety equipments - lack of opportunity of safety education The purpose of this study is modelling safety management system of shipyard industry subcontractors to reduce industrial accidents by employees of subcontractors. A phased model contained organization and work responsibility of related departments, safety management planning and evaluation system, safe work supporting system, safety education supporting system.

중첩방전 반응기에 의한 오존의 생성

이영희,YAMAGUMA,M .,목연수,황명환,우인성,조정국 한국산업안전학회 1999 한국안전학회지 Vol.14 No.3

In this paper, characteristics of ozone generation by using coil and SPCP+DC corona reactor was studied. The ceramic-based surface discharge electrode, which was first invented as a high-efficiency ozonizer, has been used as an experimental plasma chemical reactor.(Surface Induced Plasma Chemical Processing, SPCP.) The electrode, however, has a structural disadvantage that a highly energetic plasma region is localized near the electrode surface, which may make it impossible for higher efficiency to realize. In an attempt to overcome this advantage, we have developed a hybrid reactor which employs a corona discharge unit together with the surface discharge unit. Experimental results suggest that the efficiency of the ozone production rate is improved when positive corona discharge is added.

적성질소시비를 위한 미국의 토양질산염진단법과 이용현황

손상목,마크엠알리 한국국제농업개발학회 1996 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.8 No.1

A dependable soil nitrate test can be a valuable tool for improving profit margins for farmers while reducing potential nitrate enrichment of surface and ground waters. The objective of this report is so review the principles and methods of two different soil nitrate tests, the Preplant Nitrate Test (PPNT) and the Pre-sidedness Soil Nitrate Test (PSNT) that have been recently developed and implemented in the U.S.A. for corn production. Corn is the largest user of N fertilizer in the U.S.A. and these tests were developed to improve the efficiency of N fertilizer use. The PPNT and PSNT tests determine the same chemical species, NO₃^(-)-N. However, the tests evaluate fundamentally different entities of the soil N cycle. The PSNT measures soil NO₃^(-)-N content in the surface 30cm of soil when the corn is 15 to 30 cm tall, whereas the PPNT typically samples 60-120 cm of soil in the early spring prior to corn planting. The PSNT is based on a timely monitoring of the in situ mineralization process and NO₃^(-)-N measured in the procedure is primarily an index of mineralization intensity. This procedure is particularly well suited for corn production systems that involves the use of manures or other organic sources. The PSNT has been shown to be more accurate than stalk nitrate tests in predicting corn response to N fertilizer. The PPNT is a capacity measure of the size of the available soil N before planting, which is mainly residual NO₃^(-)-N from previous fertilizer applications and/or organic matter mineralization the previous summer. This test is more widely applicable in regions where leaching is limited during the winter due to frozen soils and/or low rainfall. Use of soil nitrate tests has decreased the use of $quot;insurance N$quot; on thousands of hectares in the U.S.A. These soil nitrate tests are an effective way to adjust N fertilization rates for site-specific factors, but the tests do have certain limitations that must be considered when making recommendations. However, significant N fertilizer reductions (an average of 33-56 ㎏ N/㏊), in conjunction with no decrease in yields, have been documented when these tests are properly utilized. These reductions in unnecessary N fertilizer applications increase grower profitability and reduce the potential for nitrate contamination of ground and surface waters.

안보환경의 변화와 국방지출 변화의 추이

목진휴 한국정책학회 1995 韓國政策學會報 Vol.4 No.2

본 연구는 국내외 안보환경의 변화가 한국의 국방지출 규모 변화와 어떤 연관성을 보여왔는지를 설명하는 데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 이를 위하여, 안보환경을 결정하는 요인들을 파악하고 과연 이러한 요인들이 한국국방 지출의 변화를 설명할 수 있는 요인들인지를 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 분석된 내용을 종합하여 지난 30여 년 간 국방예산의 변화의 일반적인 추이를 개괄해보면 한국정부의 안보에 대한 지속적이며 적극적인 정책의지는 동 기간 동안 크게 변하지 않은 듯하다. 이는 북한으로부터의 지속적인 군사적 위협을 대처하기 위한 방편으로서의 국방이라는 데 넓고 지속적인 국민적인 공감대와 정책공감대가 형성·유지되어 왔음을 지적하는 것 같다. 또한 본 연구에서 분석된 자료는 국방을 포함한 여러 정책분야에 대한 국가예산의 배분에 있어 시대별 특징이 반영되었다는 점을 쉽게 추측할 수 있게 한다. 한국의 국방예산 분야는 한국적 안보상황에서 정부의 정책적 우위를 향유하는 생존권적 정책으로 인식되어 왔음에도 불구하고 예산분배 과정에서 항상적 정책적 우선을 예산증가로 보장받은 정책분야가 아니라는 강한 인상을 주고 있다. 그렇기에, 군사안보 우선의 국가에서도 정책의 상충은 제한된 자원의 선별적 배분으로 '정책의지의 점진적 실현'으로 해소된다는 점을 강하게 시사한다. 결국, 국방도 예외가 아닌 점을 말하고 있다.

3 차원 모델을 이용한 주조과정에서의 용탕의 충전 및 응고과정에 관한 수치적 연구

조인성,목진호,이진호 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2000 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.38 No.9

A numerical algorithm which simulates a three-dimensional casting process in a rectangular mold was developed and tested. To analyze filling process, the VOF method is used with the SIMPLER algorithm and, to analyze solidification process, the Equivalent Specific Heat method is used also with the SIMPLER algorithm. Though the complete symmetric plane assumption in z-direction was adopted in a two-dimensional analysis, it was shown that flow patterns during filling, a point of time when the residual flow decayed and the intensity of natural convection differed in each plane in a three-dimensional analysis due to z-directional velocity components and boundary conditions. In addition, the heat transfer analysis in a mold were also done and results showed that the mold temperature varied in considerably wide range which was different from the convectional analysis of constant heat sink temperature assumption.

증여의 네 번째 의무

정헌목(Jung, Heon?mok) 서울대학교 비교문화연구소 2018 비교문화연구 Vol.24 No.2

『증여론』에서 선물교환에 관해 모스(Mauss)가 전개한 논의에는 고들리에(Godelier)가 ‘네 번째 의무’라 지칭한 또 다른 주제가 존재한다. 모스 자신이 “신과 자연을 위해서 인간에게 행하는 증여의 문제”라 부른 이 주제는 바로 신과 자연, 조상의 영에게 행하는 증여에 관한 문제이다. 인간들 사이에 존재하는 주고, 받고, 답례하는 세 가지 의무 외에 신을 비롯한 신성한 존재에 대한 증여가 선물교환의 네 번째 의무로 자리하고 있다는 것이다. 본고에서는 여기에 주목하여 『증여론』에서의 선물교환 원리와 희생제의에 관한 이론을 연결하여 모스의 논의를 검토한다. 이를 통해 희생제의의 원리와 모스가 설명하는 선물의 논리 간의 연관성을 바탕으로 한 분석이 현대사회에서 어떤 시사점을 갖는지, 나아가 사회 혹은 공동체의 형성과 어떤 관련을 갖는지 분석한다. 특히 신성한 존재에 대한 증여가 사람들 간의 호혜적 의무와 동일한 층위에서 작동할 수 없다는 사실을 바탕으로, 증여의 ‘네 번째 의무’에 의해 구성된 위계적 세계를 공동체 형성의 차원에서 이해하는 논의를 고찰한다. This article explores the forgotten theme of “the fourth obligation” called by Maurice Godelier in the discussion of Marcel Mauss about the gift exchange. Mauss explained this theme as that of the gift made to men in the sight of gods or nature. It includes the sacrificing rites to the gods and spirits as the fourth obligation of gift exchange, beyond reciprocal relationships among humans based on three obligations to give, receive, and repay. Focusing on the similarity between discussions about sacrifice and gift exchange, I examine that the “total prestation” system of Mauss and the formation of society or community are closely linked. In particular, discussions about hierarchical worlds constituted by “the fourth obligation” are essential, because gift to the divine beings cannot be compatible with reciprocal relationships among humans. Based on reviews about this kind of discussions, I argue an obligation to give towards the divinities can contribute to the formation of communities on another level.