Comparative Phylogenetic Relationships and Genetic Structure of the Caterpillar Fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Its Host Insects Inferred from Multiple Gene Sequences

Qing-Mei Quan,Qing-Xia Wang,Xue-Li Zhou,Shan Li,Xiao-Ling Yang,Yun-Guo Zhu,Zhou Cheng 한국미생물학회 2014 The journal of microbiology Vol.52 No.2

Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Ascomycota: Ophiocordycipitaceae)is a native fungal parasite of Hepialidae caterpillars and oneof the most economically important medicinal caterpillarfungi in China. However, little is known about the phylogeneticand evolutionary relationships between O. sinensis andits host insects. In this study, nuclear ITS and β-tubulin sequencesfrom O. sinensis and mitochondrial COI, COII, andCytb sequences from its hosts were analyzed across 33 populationssampled from five regions in China. Phylogenetically,both O. sinensis and its hosts were divided into three geographicallycorrelated clades, and their phylogenies were congruent. Analysis of molecular variance and calculated coefficientsof genetic differentiation revealed significant geneticdivergence among the clades within both O. sinensis (FST=0.878, NST=0.842) and its hosts (FST=0.861, NST=0.816). Estimatedgene flow was very low for O. sinensis (Nm=0.04) andthe host insects (Nm=0.04) among these three clades. Manteltests demonstrated a significant correlation (P<0.01) betweenthe genetic distances for O. sinensis and its hosts, as well as asignificant association (P<0.05) between geographic and geneticdistances in both. The similar phylogenetic relationships,geographic distributions, and genetic structure and differentiationbetween O. sinensis and its hosts imply that they have coevolved.

Hydrogen peroxide is involved in abscisic acid-induced adventitious rooting in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under drought stress

Xue-Ping Li,Qing-Qing Xu,Wei-Biao Liao,Zhan-Jun Ma,Xiao-Ting Xu,Meng Wang,Peng-Ju Ren,Li-Juan Niu,Xin Jin,Yong-Chao Zhu 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.5

Abscisic acid (ABA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are important regulatory factors involved in plant development under adversity stress. Here, the involvement of H2O2 in ABA-induced adventitious root formation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under drought stress was determined. The results indicated that exogenous ABA or H2O2 promoted adventitious rooting under drought stress, with a maximal biological response at 0.5 μM ABA or 800 μM H2O2. The promotive effects of ABA-induced adventitious rooting under drought stress were suppressed by CAT or DPI, suggesting that endogenous H2O2 might be involved in ABA-induced adventitious rooting. ABA increased relative water content (RWC), leaf chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, ΦPS II and qP), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and soluble protein content, and peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and indoleacetate oxidase (IAAO) activities, while decreasing transpiration rate. However, the effects of ABA were inhibited by H2O2 scavenger CAT. Therefore, H2O2 may be involved in ABA-induced adventitious root development under drought stress by stimulating water and chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, carbohydrate and nitrogen content, as well as some enzyme activities.

Morphology Characterization and Mechanism Analysis of the Microstructure of LiNbO3 Crystals Fabricated by Using Focused Ion Beam Milling

Xue-Lin Wang,Peng Liu,Qing Huang,Xue-Feng Xu,Sha Yan 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.4

This paper reports the basic results obtained from an investigation of the microstructure of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) crystals fabricated by using the focused ion beam (FIB) sputtering method. The morphology characterization of the microstructure is explained in terms of scanning electron microscopy observations based on the geometrical integrity, surface smoothness, cross-sectional area, aspect ratio, etc. The optimized micro-fabrication conditions and the sample morphology characterization are presented, and the sputtering rate of Ga ions for a 30-keV energy milling of the LiNbO3 crystal is calculated, which is lower than the theoretical one gained from “The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter” (SRIM) sputtering simulation due to the redeposition effect being enhanced with increasing milling depth

Mechanical Effect of Pre-consolidation Pressure of Structural Behavior Soil

( Qing Wang ),( Qing-bo Yu ),( Tian-liang Yang ),( Xin-lei Huang ),( Xue-xin Yan ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

Structural property of soil is a new concept studied in science and study of this issue is a new problem, which involves soil mechanical effect, mechanical variability, and engineering design. Soil such as saline soil, red soil, loess, Xiashu loess, soft soil, or solidified dredger fill, which had been studied in previous research by our research group, has high pre-consolidation pressure (Pc) and high over-consolidation ratio (OCR). Considering the needs of intensity determination in engineering design, soil structure force, structural strength and other issues of structural Soils were studied in this paper. By analyzing experimental data, affecting factors of pre-consolidation pressure (Pc) was discussed. A new cognition about pre-consolidation pressure (Pc), determination method of structural strength, and genetic mechanism of structural force were proposed in this paper. Soil mass structural behavior and the mechanical effect can be one of the important fields of soil structural quantitative research. Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Key Project for International (Regional) Cooperation and Communication by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41820104001), State Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41430642), the Special Fund for Major Scientific Instruments of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41627801), and the Key Laboratory of Land Subsidence Monitoring and Prevention, Ministry of Land and Resources (Grant No. KLLSMP201801).

Physicochemical characterization and cytotoxicity of chitosanmodified single walled carbon nanotubes as drug carriers

Qing‑Ri Cao,Xiao‑Xue Zhang,Hao‑Yan Huang,Li‑Qing Chen,Hehua Jin,Beom‑Jin Lee,Jing‑Hao Cui 한국약제학회 2019 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.49 No.1

The application of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as drug carriers is limited by their poor dispersal in aqueous medium. This study aimed to prepare chitosan (CS)-modified SWCNTs (CS-SWCNTs) and to evaluate their physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity. Oxidized SWCNTs (O-SWCNTs) were prepared with the use of strong acid, and the effects of acidizing conditions on the oxidation degree of the O-SWCNTs were investigated. CS was then non-covalently modified on the surfaces of O-SWCNTs. O-SWCNTs and CS-SWCNTs were characterized through ultraviolet spectroscopy, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The cytotoxic effects of the functionalized SWCNTs were determined through the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. O-SWCNTs with relatively complete structure were successfully synthesized through 5 h of treatment with 5 M acid. The amine group of the CS and the carboxyl group of O-SWCNTs interacted in CS-SWCNTs. The functionalized SWCNTs did not aggregate or precipitate in water and exerted no cytotoxic effects on A549 and MCF-7 tumor cells. The CS-SWCNTs possess the advantages of a simple preparation process, excellent water dispersibility, and biocompatibility for drug loading.

Pathological Lesions and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expressions in the Liver of Mice Experimentally Infected with Clonorchis sinensis

Qing-Li Yang,Ji-Qing Shen,Yan Xue,Xiao-Bing Cheng,Zhi-Hua Jiang,Yi-Chao Yang,Ying-Dan Chen,Xiao-Nong Zhou 대한기생충학열대의학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.53 No.6

The nitric oxide (NO) formation and intrinsic nitrosation may be involved in the possible mechanisms of liver fluke-associated carcinogenesis. We still do not know much about the responses of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) induced by Clonorchis sinensis infection. This study was conducted to explore the pathological lesions and iNOS expressions in the liver of mice with different infection intensity levels of C. sinensis. Extensive periductal inflammatory cell infiltration, bile duct hyperplasia, and fibrosis were commonly observed during the infection. The different pathological responses in liver tissues strongly correlated with the infection intensity of C. sinensis. Massive acute spotty necrosis occurred in the liver parenchyma after a severe infection. The iNOS activity in liver tissues increased, and iNOS-expressing cells with morphological differences were observed after a moderate or severe infection. The iNOS-expressing cells in liver tissues had multiple origins.

An Estimation Method of Consolidation and Settlement of Soil Mass in Dredger Fill Area Based on SBAS-InSAR

( Qing-bo Yu ),( Qing Wang ),( Xue-xin Yan ),( Tian-liang Yang ),( Meng Yao ),( Kai Zhou ),( Xin-lei Huang ),( Jian-ping Chen ) 대한지질공학회 2019 대한지질공학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

The land subsidence poses a nonnegligible threat to production and life, especially in dredger fill area. The essence of land subsidence is soil consolidation. Better evaluation of the degree of soil consolidation presents significant progress for predicting land subsidence. In this study, SBAS-InSAR was conducted to Chenjia town, the typical dredger fill area in Chongming East Shoal, Shanghai. SAR data and precise Orbit data were collected from the ESA satellite Sentinel-1 in recent 2 years with approximately one month intervals. the relationship curve of cumulative subsidence with time is obtained after processing. On this basis, the final settlement and soil consolidation can be estimated by applying the method proposed by Professor Huang Wenxi of China. The results show that: The subsidence rate is faster than 20 mm/a; The estimated final settlement is 26.6-52.9 mm, and the corresponding consolidation degree is 54.6 % on average; Soil mass has not yet been fully consolidated and it still takes a long time to achieve stability. In conclusion, the method proposed in this study can provide a clearer understanding of the consolidation degree, and a new reference for the evaluation and prevention of land subsidence. Future research will focus on longer monitoring time to enrich and improve the method. Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No: 41820104001, 41430642 and 41627801) and the Key Laboratory of Land Subsidence Monitoring and Prevention, Ministry of Land and Resources (Grant No. KLLSMP201801).

Temperature effect on H2 fermentation from Laminaria japonica without pretreatment

( Xue Qing Shi ),정경원,신항식 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2010 한국폐기물자원순환학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2010 No.-

장이머우 감독 영화의 색채 미학 연구 -<붉은 수수밭>, <홍등>, <영웅>을 중심으로-

량쉬에칭 ( Xue-qing Liang ) 한국영화교육학회 2023 영화교육연구 Vol.17 No.3

미학 형식으로 존재하는 영화 색채는 영화 예술을 구성하는 요소 중의 하나이다. 5세대 감독의 선두 주자 중 한 명인 장이머우 감독은 색채를 매우 잘 사용하여 화면의 내포를 풍부하게 하고 빨간색을 사랑한다. 본 연구는 장이머우 감독의 대표적인 세 작품인 <붉은 수수밭>, <홍등>, <영웅>을 선정하였다. 도상학, 색채 심리학 등 관련 지식을 활용하여 빨간색이 영화에서 상징적 의미와 민족적 가치를 분석하고 영화에서 색채의 시각적 과잉과 구축된 영화의 시각적 식 별도를 분석한다. 장이머우 감독이 색채 운용과 미학 표현에서 끊임없이 돌파하고 혁신하는 것을 더욱 체득하기 위한 것이다. The aesthetic form of film color is one of the elements that constitute film art. As one of the leaders of the fifth generation directors, Director Zhang Yimou is very good at using colors, enriching the content of the screen, and loves red. This study selected three representative works directed by Zhang Yimou, namely Red Sorghum Land, Red Lantern, and Hero. Using relevant knowledge such as graphics and color psychology, analyze the symbolic significance and national value of red in movies, analyze the visual excess of color in movies, and construct visual recognition of movies. The aim is to further experience Director Zhang Yimou's continuous breakthroughs and innovations in color application and aesthetic expression.

低溫脅迫對蝴蝶蘭葉綠素熒光參數的影響

류학경 ( Xue Qing Liu ),박영길 ( Yong Ji Piao ),왕수봉 ( Xiu Feng Wang ),손기하 ( Ji Xia Sun ),리도 ( Tao Li ) 한국녹지환경디자인학회 2006 녹지환경학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Effects of low temperature on chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence Parameters in Phalaenopsis were studied. The results indicated that chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm and ΦPSII of HY under day/night temperature 11/6℃ went on decreasing, while F0 increased slightly, all these parameters could recover partly, change of qp was unconspicuous. These conditions showed HY` photosynthetic apparatus were inactive partly. Chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm and ΦPSII of JT944 decreasing dramatically to 0 and F0 increasing firstly then decreasing under day/night temperature 11/6℃ showed photosynthetic apparatus were damaged irreversibly. Chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm and ΦPSII of HY decreasing slightly and F0 increasing slightly under day/night temperature 14/9℃, while they could recover equal to CK; Chlorophyll content, Fv/Fm and ΦPSII of JT944 decreased, while F0 increased firstly then decreased under 14/9℃. All these could recover mostly. The changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in GL14 were between HY and JT944. Effects of day/night temperature 17/12℃ were slight. The above conditions showed the lowest temperature of Phalaenopsis` photosynthetic apparatus keeping activity was above 12℃.