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Xiao Shi,Yujing Jiang,Yasuyuki Hirakawa 한국지질과학협의회 2018 Geosciences Journal Vol.22 No.2
Heisei lava dome was formed in Unzen volcano over the period from 1991 to 1995. The recent continuous observations have shown that the lava dome is still growing, which is a threat for the life of the nearby residents. How to estimate the range of collapse and potential block-and-ash flows is an urgent problem. Airborne laser scanning method is briefly introduced. We presented a division to separate the lava dome with 10 potential collapsed blocks and set some measuring points to observe the elevation change in each block. By analyzing the elevation decrease from 2003 to 2014, the potential collapsed blocks that experienced obvious changes were identified. With the evaluation of elevation changes by airborne laser data, the buried terrain of dome was reconstructed. The results show that the whole lava dome from lobe 1 to 11 may collapse, and the potential maximum volume of collapsed part is 1.46 × 107 m3. If the collapsed part forms block-and-ash flow, the flow will arrive at the seaside in approximately 7 minutes according to the result of simulation. The flow could travel approximately 8.5 km, and the average velocity is approximately 20 m/s.
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Ti-44Al-6Nb-2Cr-0.3Si-0.1C 합금의 0.2%SO2/Ar가스에서의 고온부식
SHI YUKE,XIAO XIAO,김성웅,홍재근,한준희,이동복 대한금속·재료학회 2019 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.57 No.10
Cast Ti–44Al–6Nb–2Cr–0.3Si–0.1C alloy having good air-oxidation resistance was corroded under 1 atm of flowing 0.2%SO2/Ar gas at 900-1100 oC for 50-300 h in order to examine its corrosion behavior in a SO2-containing environment, because SO2 is an industrially important by-product in the field of combustion and processing of fossil fuels. The corrosion rate in 0.2%SO2/Ar gas was faster than that in 0.2%O2/Ar gas, suggesting that sulfur deteriorated the corrosion resistance of the alloy. The scale consisted primarily of an outer TiO2 oxide layer with some α-Al2O3 islands, and an inner α-Al2O3-rich, TiO2-deficient oxide layer. Ti and Al, having strong oxygen affinities, preferentially oxidized to highly stable rutile-TiO2 and α-Al2O3 in the oxide scale. Small amounts of Cr and (Nb, Cr) dissolved in the outer and inner oxide layer, respectively. The outer oxide layer formed mainly by outward diffusion of Ti and Al, along with a lesser amount of Cr. The inner oxide layer formed by inward diffusion of oxygen and sulfur. The consumption of oxygen in the oxide scale facilitated the formation of Ti2S and Nb1-xS sulfides in the subscale. Oxidation and sulfidation prevailed in the oxide scale and the subscale, respectively. Sulfur migrated across the oxide scale into the subscale, where Nb, Cr, and Si accumulated to a certain extent due to their thermodynamic nobility when compared to Ti and Al. Although the alloy displayed good corrosion resistance in 0.2%SO2/Ar gas, microcracking and void formation in the oxide scale and subscale were unavoidable.
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Xiao Tang,Kun Tong,Lishan Zhu,Guoqing Fu,Wei Chang,Ting Zhou,Zhibing Zhang,Ling Tong,Ling Zhang,Yuqin Shi,Ling Zhang,Yuqin Shi 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2016 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.12 No.4
Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) which belongs to phthalatic-acid esters, is a kind of harmful, global environmental pollutants. It is a known endocrine disrupting chemical and male reproductive toxicant. However, the mechanism by which DEHP exposure result in male reproductive toxicity is still unclear. To elucidate the productive toxicity mechanism of DEHP, we attemptted to investigate oxidative stress, apoptotic effects, mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis-associated genes including FasL, caspase-3, and caspase-8 in GC-2spd (mouse spermatogenic cells). The results showed that, with the increase of DEHP concentration, cell apoptosis rate increased; the activities of relation index of oxidative stress such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutatione peroxidase (GSH-PX) changed significantly; the mRNA and protein expression levels of FasL, caspase-3, -8, altered obviously. These results suggested that DEHP could induce apoptosis of GC-2spd cells through oxidative stress and FasL-dependent pathway.
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Mortality Characteristics and Prediction of Female Breast Cancer in China from 1991 to 2011
Shi, Xiao-Jun,Au, William W.,Wu, Ku-Sheng,Chen, Lin-Xiang,Lin, Kun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6
Aims: To analyze time-dependent changes in female breast cancer (BC) mortality in China, forecast the trend in the ensuing 5 years, and provide recommendations for prevention and management. Materials and Methods: Mortality data of breast cancer in China from 1991 to 2011 was used to describe characteristics and distribution, such as the changes of the standardized mortality rate, urban-rural differences and age differences. Trend-surface analysis was used to study the geographical distribution of mortality. In addition, curve estimation, time series modeling, Gray modeling (GM) and joinpoint regression were performed to estimate and predict future trends. Results: In China, the mortality rate of breast cancer has increased yearly since 1991. In addition, our data predicted that the trend will continue to increase in the ensuing 5 years. Rates in urban areas are higher than those in rural areas. Over the past decade, all peak ages for death by breast cancer have been delayed, with the first death peak occurring at 55 to 65 years of age in urban and rural areas. Geographical analysis indicated that mortality rates increased from Southwest to Northeast and from West to East. Conclusions: The standardized mortality rate of breast cancer in China is rising and the upward trend is predicted to continue for the next 5 years. Since this can cause an enormous health impact in China, much better prevention and management of breast cancer is needed. Consequently, disease control centers in China should place more focus on the northeastern, eastern and southeastern parts of China for breast cancer prevention and management, and the key population should be among women between ages 55 to 65, especially those in urban communities.
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Xiao Xu,Ya-Nan Shi,Rong-Yun Wang,Cai-Yan Ding,Xiao Zhou,Yu-Fei Zhang,Zhi-Ling Sun,Zhi-Qin Sun,Qiu-Hua Sun 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.1
Background: Moxibustion is widely used in East Asian countries to manage the symptom of rheumatic diseases. The aim of this study was to identify potential metabolic profiles of moxibustion on relieving ankylosing spondylitis (AS) mice through UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS metabolomic study. Methods: Thirty-two female Balb/c mice were randomized into healthy control (HC), AS model, moxibustion at acupuncture points (MA) in AS model, and moxibustion at non-acupuncture points (MNA) AS model groups. Moxibustion was administered daily at GV4, bilateral BL23 and bilateral ST36 acupuncture points for four weeks in the MA group. The overall health status, the thickness of hind paws and the tissue concentrations of IL-1β, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-α were assessed. The UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to explore the perturbations of endogenous metabolites in tissue and urine of AS model mice intervened by moxibustion. Results: Compared with the AS group, the overall health status was significantly improved after 4-week moxibustion intervention (p < 0.05). The results also showed that MA significantly reduced the levels of paw thickness and decreased the levels of four cytokines in the tissue (p < 0.01). Thirty-seven endogenous metabolites identified by the OPLS-DA were considered to be contributing to therapeutic effects of moxibustion. Moreover, metabolic pathway analysis further revealed that the identified metabolites were mainly involved in TCA cycle, Lipid metabolism, Amino Acid metabolism, Intestinal flora metabolism and Purine metabolism. Conclusions: UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS based metabolomics approach, as a novel and powerful tool, can help us to gain the insights into potential mechanisms of action of moxibustion for AS.
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Xiao-Yong Gao,Hong-Liang Feng,Zeng-Yuan Zhang,Jiao-Min Ma,Meng-Ke Zhao,Chao Chen,Jin-Hua Gu,Shi-E Yang,Yong-Sheng Chen,Jing-Xiao Lu 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.58 No.2
Using values of the oxygen flux ratio (OFR = [O2]/[Ar]) ranging from 0 to 0.5, authors deposited a series of silver-oxide (Ag_xO) films on glass substrates by direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering (DC sputtering) at a substrate temperature of 150 ℃. The effect of the OFR on the film’s structural and optical properties was systematically investigated by using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and spectrophotometry. The Ag_xO films deposited clearly show an evolution of the film’s phase structure from the biphased (Ag + Ag_2O) structure to the biphased (AgO + Ag_2O) structure and then to the single-phased (Ag_2O) structure as value of the OFR increases. Accordingly, the film’s surface morphology, related to the film’s crystalline structure, clearly changes from a loose and porous surface structure to a compact surface structure and then to a pyramid-like surface structure with increasing value of the OFR. The novel porous structure may be attributed to the interruption of the silver’s growth course by the AgO on the film’s surface. Notably, a single-phased Ag_2O film is deposited by DC-sputtering at OFR = 0.5 due to the dual effects of thermal decomposition of the AgO phase and a combination reaction of AgO and Ag to Ag_2O. The oscillations both in the film’s reflectivity and transmissivity spectra are strengthened with increasing OFR, indicating an evolution from the metallic behavior of the biphased (Ag + Ag_2O) film to the dielectric behavior of the biphased (Ag_2O + AgO) film and the single-phased Ag2O film. The fitted optical absorption edges of the Ag_2O and the Ag_xO films deposited at values of the OFR of 0.5 and 0.33 are approximately 2.43 eV and 2.34 eV, respectively. The absorption edges are closely related to the direct interband transitions.
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Xiao-Ming Liu,Bang-Xian Zhang,Shi-Guang Li,Xiang-Jun Rao,Dong-MingWang,Xiao-Xuan Hu,Su Liu 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.2
The yellow mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is a common insect pest that damages stored grain. The insect olfactory co-receptor (Orco) is a transmembrane protein localized on the surface of the dendrites of olfactory sensory neurons and plays an essential role in the olfactory perception. In this study, an Orco ortholog (named as Tmol\Orco) inT.molitorwas characterized. The deduced amino acid sequence of Tmol\Orco shared significant high identities with Orcos in other insect species from distinct Orders. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis showed that Tmol\Orco was predominantly expressed in the antennae of both male and female adults, and the difference between male antennae and female antennae was not significant. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) directly against the Tmol\Orco mRNA was synthesized and injected into the T. molitor male adults, RT-qPCR results demonstrated that the transcription level of Tmol\Orco was significantly reduced at 6 d after the injection. The mate-seeking behavior of Tmol\Orco-silenced beetles was significantly inhibited. Compare to the control individuals, the percentage of Tmol\Orco-silenced beetles successfully find mateswas significantly decreased and the average time they spent for searching were significantly increased. These results provided first direct evidence that suppression of Tmol\Orco transcription contributes to the decline in mate recognition of T. molitor
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Shi-Xiao Yue,Keun hyung Kim 한국인터넷전자상거래학회 2021 인터넷전자상거래연구 Vol.21 No.5
In this paper, we derived the artificial intelligence service expectation factors corresponding to Maslow"s hierarchy needs and examined whether these expectations affect the attitude toward artificial intelligence. In particular, we compared the differences between perceptions of Koreans and Chinese about these artificial intelligence expectations and attitudes. We derived the artificial intelligence service expectation factors corresponding to the safety needs level, the love and belonging needs level and the esteem needs level among the Maslow’s hierarchy needs respectively so that the factors consisted of ‘expectation for stability guarantee’, ‘strengthening ties’, ‘professional improvement and reinforcement’ and artificial intelligence ‘side effects’ additionally. The research model and the related hypotheses were established with independent variables, dependent variables and moderator variable. The independent variables were the ‘expectation for stability guarantee’, ‘strengthening ties’, ‘professional improvement and reinforcement’ and artificial intelligence side effects. The dependent variable was the ‘attitude’ toward artificial intelligence. The moderator variable was ‘nationality’ which is Korean or Chinese. The results of empirical tests for the hypotheses are followings. First, ‘expectation for stability guarantee’, ‘strengthening ties’ and ‘professional improvement and reinforcement’ factors all had a positive effect on the ‘attitude’ toward artificial intelligence. Second, it was found that the influence of factors for improving professionalism on attitudes was different according to nationality. Third, the order of the influence of artificial intelligence expectation factors on attitude was different for Koreans and Chinese.
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Yu-Xiao Zou,Teng-Gen Hu,Ying Shi,Jun Liu,Li-Xia Mu,Yang Xiao,Sen-Tai Liao 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.4
Silkworm pupae are a source of edible lipid with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) (70% of total lipid content) and are becoming a focus of pharmaceutical and dietary research in the functional oil field. To study the nutritional value of different silkworm strains, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to establish a mathematical model and cluster analysis on silkworm pupae lipid (SPL) in 90 strains based on Z-score. Single-factor correlation analysis indicated that the PUFAs content was significantly positively correlated with the α-linolenic acid (ALA) (ρ=0.98) and negatively correlated with the oleic acid (OA) (ρ=−0.73) contents, and comprehensive of principal components mathematical model (PC =0.148ZX1 +0.00 2ZX2 −0.197ZX3 −0.338ZX4 +0.220ZX5 +0.304ZX6 +0.314ZX7, ZXi is the standard score (Z-score) of X1, which was calculated as follow: ZXi = (Xi −−X )/S, where X1: palmitic acid, X2: palmitoleic acid, X3: stearic acid, X4: OA, X5: linoleic acid, X6: ALA, X7: PUFAs.−X is the arithmetic mean content of variable i, and S is the standard deviation of variable i for all samples included in the analysis.) showed the amount of ALA and PUFAs were the key factors determining the nutritional value of the pupae lipid. Cluster analysis on the composite scores calculated by the model of the principal component divided the 90 strains into three groups. A cluster of 6 strains (XHR, XIFF, ZX, YT, YO and BTN) with the best nutritional value was characterized by high contents of ALA and PUFAs and a low content of oleic acid.
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