Development of a New Duplex Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Detection of Dicer in G. gallus

( Xiao Lin Ji ),( Qi Wang ),( Yu Long Gao ),( Yong Qiang Wang ),( Li Ting Qin ),( Xiao Le Qi ),( Hong Lei Gao ),( Xiao Mei Wang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.5

Recently, there has been a growing body of evidence showing that cellular microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in virus-host interactions. Numerous studies have focused on analyses of the expression profiles of cellular miRNAs, but the expression patterns of Dicer, which is responsible for the generation of miRNAs, have only rarely been explored in Gallus gallus. We developed a duplex realtime reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) assay for the relative quantification of the mRNAs of Dicer and β-actin in G. gallus. To apply this method, the expression of Dicer in avian cells after infection with avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) was detected using our established duplex real-time RT-PCR. The duplex realtime RT-PCR assay is sufficiently sensitive, specific, accurate, reproducible, and cost-effective for the detection of Dicer in G. gallus. Furthermore, this study, for the first time, demonstrated that ALV-J can induce differential expression of Dicer mRNA in the ALV-J-infected cells.

Experimental investigation on the behaviour of UHPC-steel composite slabs under hogging moment

Xiao-Long Gao,Jun-Yan Wang,Chen Bian,Ru-Cheng Xiao,Biao Ma 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.42 No.6

Ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) can be used in the UHPC-steel composite structures especially for bridge structures to achieve high stiffness and high fatigue resistance with low self-weight. The structural performances of UHPC-steel composite slabs subjected to hogging moment have a significant influence on the global stiffness and durability of UHPC-steel composite structures. In order to study the structural behaviors of non-steam-cured UHPC-steel composite slabs subjected to negative moment, five composite slabs combined the thin UHPC layers to steel plates via shear stud connecters with the diameter of 16mm were fabricated and tested under negative moment. The test program aimed to investigate the effect of stud spacing and longitudinal reinforcement ratios on the failure mode, load-deflection behaviors, cracking patterns, bond-slips, and carrying capacities of composite slabs subjected to negative moment. In addition, direct tensile tests for the dog-bone UHPC specimens with longitudinal reinforcement bars were carried out to study the effect of reinforcement bars on the tensile strength of UHPC in the thin structure members. Based on the experimental results, analytical models were also developed to predict the cracking load and ultimate load of UHPC-steel composite slabs subjected to negative moment.

Effects of Ohmic Area Etching on Buffer Breakdown Voltage of AlGaN/GaN HEMT

Wang, Chong,Wel, Xiao-Xiao,Zhao, Meng-Di,He, Yun-Long,Zheng, Xue-Feng,Mao, Wei,Ma, Xiao-Hua,Zhang, Jin-Cheng,Hao, Yue The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2017 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.18 No.3

This study is on how ohmic area etching affects the buffer breakdown voltage of AlGaN/GaN HEMT. The surface morphology of the ohmic metal can be improved by whole etching on the ohmic area. The buffer breakdown voltages of the samples with whole etching on the ohmic area were improved by the suppression of the metal spikes formed under the ohmic contact regions during high-temperature annealing. The samples with selective etching on the ohmic area were investigated for comparison. In addition, the buffer leakage currents were measured on the different radii of the wafer, and the uniformity of the buffer leakage currents on the wafer were investigated by PL mapping measurement.

Proteomic Profiles of Mouse Neuro N2a Cells Infected with Variant Virulence of Rabies Viruses

( Wang Xiao Hu ),( Shou Feng Zhang ),( Cheng Long Sun ),( Zi Guo Yuan ),( Xian Fu Wu ),( Dong Xia Wang ),( Zhuang Ding ),( Rong Liang Hu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.4

We characterized the proteomes of murine N2a cells following infection with three rabies virus (RV) strains, characterized by distinct virulence phenotypes (i.e., virulent BD06, fixed CVS-11, and attenuated SRV9 strains), and identified 35 changes to protein expression using twodimensional gel electrophoresis in whole-cell lysates. The annotated functions of these proteins are involved in various cytoskeletal, signal transduction, stress response, and metabolic processes. Specifically, a-enolase, prx-4, vimentin, cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) and prx-6 were significantly up-regulated, whereas Trx like-1 and galectin-1 were down-regulated following infection of N2a cells with all three rabies virus strains. However, comparing expressions of all 35 proteins affected between BD06-, CVS-11-, and SRV9-infected cells, specific changes in expression were also observed. The up-regulation of vimentin, CIAPIN1, prx-4, and 14-3-3 θ/δ, and downregulation of NDPK-B and HSP-1 with CVS and SRV9 infection were ≥2 times greater than with BD06. Meanwhile, Zfp12 protein, splicing factor, and arginine/serine-rich 1 were unaltered in the cells infected with BD06 and CVS- 11, but were up-regulated in the group infected with SRV9. The proteomic alterations described here may suggest that these changes to protein expression correlate with the rabies virus`` adaptability and virulence in N2a cells, and hence provides new clues as to the response of N2a host cells to rabies virus infections, and may also aid in uncovering new pathways in these cells that are involved in rabies infections. Further characterization of the functions of the affected proteins may contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of RV infection and pathogenesis.

論宋代法律文明對社會歷史發展的積極作用

Wang, Xiao-long(王曉龍),Teng, Zi-he(滕,子赫) 한국외국어대학교 역사문화연구소 2014 역사문화연구 Vol.51 No.-

宋朝는 中國法制史에서 唐朝 이후에 가장 빛난 업적을 이루었던 시기이고, 元ㆍ明ㆍ淸과 동시대의 서방과 비교해보아도 法律制度의 設計와 執行에 있어서 이들과 비교하여 文明化 되어가는 특징을 보여주는 시기이다. 송대 법률이 문명화는 국가정권의 안정과 吏治의 淸明함을 촉진시켰고, 司法의 公正과 사회모순의 불균형을 감소시켰다. 經濟法과 財政稅收法 등은 農業ㆍ手工業ㆍ商業과 같은 분야의 발전을 촉진시켰고, 국가 재정 수입을 확보하였으며 송조가 중국 경제사에서 전성기를 맞이할 수 있는 역할을 하였다. 民事法律의 제정과 개선은 중국사에서 법률의 기초가 되는 "重刑輕民"의 전통을 보완하는 역할을 하여 부녀자ㆍ노약자ㆍ장애인과 같은 사회 약자층의 權益을 보호하였다. 그리고 文化敎育ㆍ書籍出版ㆍ輿情收集 등의 방면에 法을 확립하였으며, 이와 관련된 분야의 발전과 여론의 개방을 촉진하였다. 송대 법률 문명화로의 발전은 송대 이후의 왕조들이 法制를 완성하는데 큰 영향을 끼쳤다. Compared with the Yuan Ming and Qing Dynasties and even the same period of the western countries, the Song Dynasty is the most glorious era after the Tang Dynasty in Chinese legal history.Its legal system shows more prominent civilization trend in the design and execution. The legal civilization of Song Dynasty promoted the stability of the state power and the integrity of the officials, maintained the judicial justice and reduced the social conflicts. The Economic Law and the Fiscal and Tax Law promoted agriculture, handicraft industry and business fields, guaranteed the national fiscal revenues and made the Song Dynasty to be another peak of the economic history in ancient China. Its adjustment and improvement to the Civil Law, in part make up for the tradition of "value the panalty and despise the people"in Chinese ancient law, and preferably maintained the rights of the social vulnerable groups such as women, young and old, orphans and the disabled. And the legislation on cultural education, book publishing and public opinion collection also promoted the development of the related fields and the freedom of public opinion.

Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus among Women from Henan, China

Wang, Xiao-Chuan,Sun, Liang-Qi,Ma, Li,Li, Hua-Xin,Wang, Xiu-Li,Wang, Xin,Yun, Tian,Meng, Nian-Long,Lv, Da-Le Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.17

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been implicated as a causative of cervical cancer. In the present study, a total of 578 samples from females attending the gynecological outpatient clinic in Henan province, China, were collected and the HPV genotypes were detected by gene chip and flow-through hybridization. Overall, 44.5% (257/578) females were found to be HPV DNA positive, and the high risk HPV (HR-HPV) rate was 35.1% (203/578). The first peak of HR-HPV infection appeared in the >60 year-old group (55.0%), and the second was within the 51-55 year-old group (50.0%) (${\chi}^2$=19.497, p<0.05). HPV 16 was the most prevalent genotype (9.2%), followed by HPV 52 (7.8%), HPV 6 (6.9%), HPV 11 (5.9%) and HPV 42 (5.0%). The single type HPV infection was 30.4%, with the five majority prevalent genotype HPV 16 (16.5%), HPV 52 (14.3%), HPV 6 (12.6%), HPV 42 (8.6%), HPV 31 (5.1%). The multiple-type HPV infections were 14.0%, and HPV 16 was the most prevalent type (29.6%), followed by HPV 52 (24.7%), HPV 6 (22.2%), HPV 11 (22.2%), HPV 42 (17.3%) and HPV 39 (17.3%).

Moving Mass Actuated Reentry Vehicle Control Based on Trajectory Linearization

Xiao-Long Su,Jian-Qiao Yu,Ya-Fei Wang,Lin-lin Wang 한국항공우주학회 2013 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.14 No.3

The flight control of re-entry vehicles poses a challenge to conventional gain-scheduled flight controllers due to the widely spread aerodynamic coefficients. In addition, a wide range of uncertainties in disturbances must be accommodated by the control system. This paper presents the design of a roll channel controller for a non-axisymmetric reentry vehicle model using the trajectory linearization control (TLC) method. The dynamic equations of a moving mass system and roll control model are established using the Lagrange method. Nonlinear tracking and decoupling control by trajectory linearization can be viewed as the ideal gain-scheduling controller designed at every point along the flight trajectory. It provides robust stability and performance at all stages of the flight without adjusting controller gains. It is this “plug-and-play” feature that is highly preferred for developing, testing and routine operating of the re-entry vehicles. Although the controller is designed only for nominal aerodynamic coefficients, excellent performance is verified by simulation for wind disturbances and variations from -30% to +30% of the aerodynamic coefficients.

중국인 한국어 학습자의 띄어쓰기 오류 양상 및 교육방안

Wang Xiao long 한국어교육연구학회 2018 한국어교육연구 Vol.- No.9

중국인 한국어 학습자들이 한국어 글쓰기에서 어려워하는 점으로 띄어쓰기를 들 수 있다. 단어 사이를 띄어 써야 할지 말아야 할지 헷갈리는 경우가 많기 때문이다. 예를 들어 ‘아버지가방에들어가신다’라는 문장은 띄어쓰기에 따라 ‘아버지가 방에 들어가신다.’와 ‘아버지 가방에 들어가신다.’라는 두 의미로 해석될 수 있다. 이처럼 띄어쓰기를 제대로 하지 않으면 독자는 문장의 의미를 잘못 해석하게 된다. 그러므로 한국어에서 띄어쓰기는 매우 중요하다. 본 논문은 1장에서 논문을 쓸 목적을 밝히고, 2장은 선행연구, 3장은 중국인 한국어 학습자 띄어쓰기 테스트 오류 양상을 살펴보고, 4장은 조사의 띄어쓰기, 명사의 띄어쓰기(의존명사, 단위명사, 전문 용어), 관형어 띄어쓰기, 부사 띄어쓰기의 교육 방안 등을 필자가 배운 지식을 이용하고 탐색할 것이다. Chinese Learners of Korean Language regard it a very difficult part to master division writing in learning Korean because it is not as simple as imagined to distinguish when to divide and when to combine. For example, in the article of ‘아버지가방에들어가신다’, ‘아버지가 방에 들어가신다.’and ‘아버지 가방에 들어가신다’ may be interpreted into two completely different senses. As exemplified above, the examples adapt the technique of division rather than combination, and they can not convey the expected senses. It can be seen that the combination technique is very important in Korean writing system. The first section of this article introduce the writing objectives. The second section is the literature review. The third section analyzes the errors of combination in the writings of Chinese Learners of Korean Language. The fourth section analyzes the teaching methods of the combination writings for auxiliary words, articles, adjectives and adverbs.

Effects of Ohmic Area Etching on Buffer Breakdown Voltage of AlGaN/GaN HEMT

Chong Wang,Xiao-Xiao Wel,Meng-Di Zhao,Yun-Long He,Xue-Feng Zheng,Wei Mao,Xiao-Hua Ma,Jin-Cheng Zhang,Yue Hao 한국전기전자재료학회 2017 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.18 No.3

This study is on how ohmic area etching affects the buffer breakdown voltage of AlGaN/GaN HEMT. The surfacemorphology of the ohmic metal can be improved by whole etching on the ohmic area. The buffer breakdown voltagesof the samples with whole etching on the ohmic area were improved by the suppression of the metal spikes formedunder the ohmic contact regions during high-temperature annealing. The samples with selective etching on theohmic area were investigated for comparison. In addition, the buffer leakage currents were measured on the differentradii of the wafer, and the uniformity of the buffer leakage currents on the wafer were investigated by PL mappingmeasurement.

史學 : 論南宋降將劉整在蒙元的仕宦悲劇及其成因

왕효룡 ( Xiao Long Wang ) 한국중국학회 2004 國際中國學硏究 Vol.7 No.-

when Jin Dynasty was destroyed, the general Liu-Zheng surrendered to South Song Dynasty, he takes the Meng-Gong`s army. In the war between the south song dynasty and Meng-Yuan Dynasty, Liu-Zheng o changed when situation is different, because the different nation and surrender`s special status, the Meng-Yuan ruler change the policy to them, at one hand, they exploit them, on the other hand, the ruler use nobles supervise them, use se-mu people curb them. At the same time, other south Song Dynasty`s surrender`s came are influenced Liu`s situation, Liu-Zheng`s character was also harmful to his official career. These reason cause the Liu-Zheng`s tragic official career in Meng-Yuan Dynasty. In capability, Liu-Zheng is slightly lower with famous general such as Yue-Fei and Han Shi-Zhong, but he is also a resourceful general, and give a great help to Meng-Yuan`s unified actions. our history should have a position for him.