Regulation of the Expression of a Calcineurin Inhibitor, ZAKI-4α

Xia Cao, Fukushi Kambe, Hisao Seo 대한내분비학회 2006 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.21 No.4

Effects of biochar and Trichoderma on bacterial community diversity in continuous cropping soil

Xia Cao,Ning Zhang,Xiaoyu Zeng,Qinglin Lan,Nan Ma,Chuncheng Wu 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.1

Soil acidifi cation has become a serious issue in protected production in northern China as a consequence of many years ofcontinuous cropping. Besides aff ecting the growth and quality of vegetables, soil acidifi cation also restricts the sustainabledevelopment of vegetables grown in protected environments. A single application of biochar or Trichoderma can repair thesoil environment, optimize the microbial community structure, reduce plant diseases, and promote plant growth. However,it is not known whether biochar combined with Trichoderma has a synergistic eff ect on these parameters. In this study,long-term continuous cropping of cucumbers in a greenhouse was used to study the eff ect of biochar and Trichoderma onmicro-ecological environmental changes in acidifi ed soil using Illumina sequencing. The results showed that the combinedapplication of biochar and Trichoderma promoted cucumber growth; signifi cantly enhanced root vitality and superoxidedismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activities in leaves; and reduced malondialdehyde content. In addition, soil physicaland chemical properties improved; cation exchange capacity, the activity of soil polyphenol oxidase and invertase, and thediversity of soil bacterial communities increased; and the structure and relative abundance of soil bacteria changed after thecombined application of biochar and Trichoderma . Correlation analysis of environmental factors showed that total nitrogenand soil pH had the greatest impact on bacterial communities. The metabolic function of soil bacteria was improved, andthe circulation of soil nutrients was increased as a consequence of the combined application of biochar and Trichoderma .

Enhanced CO methanation over Ni-based catalyst using a support with 3D-mesopores

Hong-Xia Cao,Jun Zhang,Xiang-Kun Ren,Cheng-Long Guo 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.9

Ni-based catalysts supported on a support with 3D-mesopores, including Ni/KIT-6(EG), Ni/KIT-6(PS) and Ni/KIT-6(DS), were prepared by adding ethylene glycol, direct synthesis and post synthesis methods, respectively, and their catalytic properties were investigated for CO methanation as one of the core technologies of synthetic natural gas production in a continuous flow fixed-bed reactor. The catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), hydrogen temperature-programmed desorption (H2-TPD) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The results showed that Ni/KIT-6(EG) exhibited the best catalytic performance with CO conversion of almost 100% and CH4 yield of 75% at 450 oC, atmospheric pressure and 60,000 mL/g/h due to the higher dispersion of Ni species, stronger reducibility of NiO and formation of smaller Ni nanoparticles fixed into 3D-mesopores, indicating that adding ethylene glycol was effective to improve catalytic performance of Ni-based catalyst for CO methanation. Moreover, compared with Ni/Al2O3(EG) prepared using Al2O3 as a support, Ni/KIT- 6(EG) showed better catalytic performance owing to the higher specific surface area, stronger reducibility of NiO and confinement effect of 3D-mesopores promoting to produce more active sites. After 60h lifetime test of Ni/KIT-6(EG) at 500 oC, atmospheric pressure and 60,000mL/g/h, 3D-mesopores were still maintained and no obvious agglomeration of Ni nanoparticles was observed, meaning that Ni species were still well dispersed into 3D-mesopores. As a consequence, Ni/KIT-6(EG) exhibited superior catalytic performance and stability, which makes it a promising candidate for CO methanation.

Automatic Segmentation of Femoral Cartilage from MR Image Based on Hough Transform and Adaptive Canny Detection

Yu Cao,Xia Liu,Yang Cao,Yu-nan Liu 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2013 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.6 No.4

A Security Assessment Framework and Selection Method for Outsourcing Cloud Service

Xiaochen Liu,Chunhe Xia,Jiajin Cao,Jinghua Gao,Zhao Wei 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.8 No.6

Cloud services have become state of the art of resource sharing and interoperability among different service providers. The federated cloud seek to reduce costs and maximize efficiency, provide flexible and reliable services composed of various external cloud service and internal services, but this would introduce a risk of security due to outsourcing. For organization which provide an integrity cloud service must rely on SLA to illustrate the capacity of risk and performance, the various providers involved in the federations or services compositions should effectively distribute the organizational responsibilities and SLA. To solve the fears and deal with the threats associated with outsourcing, new method for selection of outsourcing cloud service providers(CSP) based on assessment of security and performance is urgently needed. This paper presents an approach on how to select the proper CSP to guarantee organizational SLA, which quantify the SLA terms and calculate a security weight, the organization can choose the appropriate CSP based on security weight, meanwhile minimize the business cost. This paper make contribution on modeling the capacity of the CSP, considering the business cost and historical performance. The proposed approach is validated through case study that shows selected CSP through our approach can best meet the organizational security and cost needs.

Transcriptome-wide characterization of the WRKY family genes in Lonicera macranthoides and the role of LmWRKY16 in plant senescence

Cao Zhengyan,Wu Peiyin,Gao Hongmei,Xia Ning,Jiang Ying,Tang Ning,Liu Guohua,Chen Zexiong 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.2

Background: Lonicera macranthoides is an important woody plant with high medicinal values widely cultivated in southern China. WRKY, one of the largest transcription factor families, participates in plant development, senescence, and stress responses. However, a comprehensive study of the WRKY family in L. macranthoides hasn't been reported previously. Objective: To establish an extensive overview of the WRKY family in L. macranthoides and identify senescence-responsive members of LmWRKYs. Methods: RNA-Seq and phylogenetic analysis were employed to identify the LmWRKYs and their evolutionary relationships. Quantitative real-time (qRT-PCR) and transgenic technology was utilized to investigate the roles of LmWRKYs in response to developmental-, cold-, and ethylene-induced senescence. Results: A total of 61 LmWRKY genes with a highly conserved motif WRKYGQK were identified. Phylogenetic analysis of LmWRKYs together with their orthologs from Arabidopsis classified them into three groups, with the number of 15, 39, and 7, respectively. 17 LmWRKYs were identified to be differentially expressed between young and aging leaves by RNA-Seq. Further qRT-PCR analysis showed 15 and 5 LmWRKY genes were significantly induced responding to tissue senescence in leaves and stems, respectively. What's more, five LmWRKYs, including LmWRKY4, LmWRKY5, LmWRKY6, LmWRKY11, and LmWRKY16 were dramatically upregulated under cold and ethylene treatment in both leaves and stems, indicating their involvements commonly in developmental- and stress-induced senescence. In addition, function analysis revealed LmWRKY16, a homolog of AtWRKY75, can accelerate plant senescence, as evidenced by leaf yellowing during reproductive growth in LmWRKY16-overexpressing tobaccos. Conclusion: The results lay the foundation for molecular characterization of LmWRKYs in plant senescence.

Effect of increased dietary crude protein levels on production performance, nitrogen utilisation, blood metabolites and ruminal fermentation of Holstein bulls

Xia, Chuanqi,Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Ur,Yang, He,Shao, Taoqi,Qiu, Qinghua,Su, Huawei,Cao, Binghai Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.10

Objective: This study investigated the effect of dietary crude protein (CP) supplementation on nutrient intake, nitrogen (N) utilisation, blood metabolites, ruminal fermentation and growth performance of young Holstein bulls. Methods: Twenty-one young bulls weighing $277{\pm}11.2kg$ were equally divided into three groups and were offered diets formulated with low CP (LCP; 10.21% CP and 4.22% rumen degradable protein [RDP]), medium CP (MCP; 12.35% CP and 5.17% RDP) and high CP (HCP; 14.24% CP and 6.03% RDP). Yellow corn silage was used as a unique forage source and was mixed with concentrate. This mixed feed was given ad libitum to the young bulls included in the study. Results: Results showed that CP intake, blood urea nitrogen, N intake, total N excretion and N balance increased linearly with an increase in dietary CP level (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in nutrient digestibility among the bulls receiving the different diets. Ruminal pH (p<0.05) and ammonia nitrogen ($NH_3-N$) concentration (p<0.01) were significantly higher in the bulls receiving the MCP and HCP diets than in those receiving the LCP diet. The bulls receiving the HCP diet showed significantly higher ruminal bacterial protein level, propionate, acetate and total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) concentrations than bulls receiving the LCP diet (p<0.05). Moreover, dietary CP level exerted a significant positive effect on the final body weight, average daily gain and gain-to-feed ratio of the bulls (p<0.05). Conclusion: High dietary CP level is optimal for achieving maximum growth and high profitability without exerting a negative effect on the physiology of growing Holstein bulls.

Efficacy of First-line Chemotherapy Affects the Second-Line Setting Response in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Cao, Wa,Li, Ai-Wu,Ren, Sheng-Xiang,Chen, Xiao-Xia,Li, Wei,Gao, Guang-Hui,He, Ya-Yi,Zhou, Cai-Cun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.16

Background: Chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for the majority of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without driver mutations and many receive therapies beyond first-line. Second-line chemotherapy has been disappointing both in terms of response rate and survival and we know relatively little about the prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: One thousand and eight patients with advanced NSCLC who received second-line chemotherapy after progression were reviewed in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, China, from September 2005 to July 2010. We analyzed the effects of potential prognostic factors on the outcomes of second-line chemotherapy (overall response rate, ORR; progression free survival, PFS; overall survival, OS). Results: The response and progression free survival of first-line chemotherapy affects the ORR, PFS and OS of second-line chemotherapy (ORR: CR/PR 15.4%, SD 10.1%, PD2.3%, p<0.001; PFS: CR/PR 3.80 months, SD 2.77 months, PD 2.03 months, p<0.001; OS: CR/PR 11.60 months, SD 10.33 months, PD 6.57 months, p=0.578, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). On multivariate analysis, better response to first-line therapy (CR/PR: HR=0.751, p=0.002; SD: HR=0.781, p=0.021) and progression within 3-6 months (HR=0.626, p<0.001), together with adenocarcinoma (HR=0.815, p=0.017), without liver metastasis (HR=0.541, p=0.001), never-smoker (HR=0.772, p=0.001), and ECOG PS 0-1 (HR=0.745, p=0.021) were predictors for good OS following second-line chemotherapy. Conclusions: Patients who responded to first-line chemotherapy had a better outcome after second-line therapy for advanced NSCLC, and the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy, period of progression, histology, liver metastasis, smoking status and ECOG PS were independent prognostic factors for OS.

Fiduciary Duty of Controlling Shareholders to Creditors : A Dual Perspective of Legislation Theory and Explanation Theory Based on Article 20 of China’s Company Law

Xia Si Yu,Cao Xing Quan 원광대학교 한중관계연구원 2023 韓中關係硏究 Vol.9 No.1

지배주주가 소수 주주에 대한 신의의무와 이사가 채권자에 대한 신의의무는 어느 정도에 지배주주와 채권자 간의 긴장 관계를 완화시켰지만 근본적으로 양자 간의 이익 불균형 상태를 교정할 수 없다. 중국 회사법의 언어 환경에서 신의의무 이론과 성실신 용 원칙은 공동으로 지배주주가 채권자에게 신의의무를 부담해야 하는 데 법리적 기초 를 제공했다. 하지만 특수한 상황에서 적용할 수 있는 법인인격부인제도는 채권자에게 지배주주와 같은 권리남용 행위에 대한 일반적인 구제를 제공하지 못하고 채권자는 회사법상 일반적인 보호의 부족에 직면했다. 본고는 지배주주가 채권자에 대한 신의의 의무가 무엇인지에 대한 질문에 답하는 대신 중국회사법 제20조에 대한 해석론적 시각에 대한 분석을 바탕으로 중국 회사법 입법론상의 보완 방법을 제시한다. 중국회사법 개정은 한편으로 지배주주가 채권자 및 회사, 기타 주주에 대한 신의의 의무를 정면으로 확립하고 회사관리의 양성상호작 용을 형성하여 지배주주의 행위에 적절한 인도를 제공할 수 있다. 다른 한편으로 채권 자에게 지배주주의 특별위신책임 이외의 일반위신행위에 대한 구제경로를 제공하고 지배주주의 채권자에 대한 일반위신책임조항을 증설해야 한다. 마지막으로, “민법전” 과 “중화인민공화국 민법전” 총칙편의 적용에 관한 최고인민법원의 몇 가지 문제에 관한 해석 “규정에 응답하는 기초에서, 또한 주주가 권리를 남용하여 회사, 기타 주주 또는 채권자의 이익에 손해를 끼치는 결의는 무효를 확인하여 신의의 의무의 구제 범 위와 구제 유형을 확대해야 한다는 것을 더 명확히 할 수 있다. Although the fiduciary duty of controlling shareholders to minority shareholders and directors to creditors have eased the tension between controlling shareholders and creditors to a certain extent, they cannot fundamentally correct the imbalance of interests between them. In the context of China’s Company Law, the theory of fiduciary duty and the principle of good faith jointly provide the legal basis for the controlling shareholders to assume fiduciary duty to creditors, However, the system of denial of corporate personality, which can only be applied under special circumstances, cannot provide creditors with conventional remedies against the general abuse of rights by controlling shareholders. Creditors are faced with inadequate general protection by China’s Company Law. This article does not attempt to answer the question of what is the fiduciary duty of the controlling shareholder to the creditor, but based on the analysis of the explanation theory perspective of Article 20 of China’s Company Law, puts forward the improvement path of the legislation theory of China’s Company Law. On the one hand, the revised Company Law of China can positively establish the fiduciary duty of controlling shareholders to creditors, the company and other shareholders, form a benign interaction of corporate governance, and provide appropriate guidance for the behaviors of the controlling shareholders. On the other hand, it is also necessary to provide the creditor with a remedy for general breaches of trust other than special breaches of trust by controlling shareholders, and to add provisions for general breaches of trust by controlling shareholders to creditors. Finally, in response to the provisions of the Civil Code and the Interpretation by the Supreme People’s Court of Several Issues Concerning the Application of Book One General Provisions of the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China, the revised Company Law of china may also further explicitly stipulate that resolutions of shareholders by abusing their rights and damaging the interests of the company, other shareholders or creditors should be ruled as invalid, so as to expand the scope and types of remedies for fiduciary duty.

Modeling, Preparation, and Elemental Doping of Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ Garnet-Type Solid Electrolytes: A Review

Cao, Shiyu,Song, Shangbin,Xiang, Xing,Hu, Qing,Zhang, Chi,Xia, Ziwen,Xu, Yinghui,Zha, Wenping,Li, Junyang,Gonzale, Paulina Mercedes,Han, Young-Hwan,Chen, Fei The Korean Ceramic Society 2019 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.56 No.2

Recently, all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) have attracted increasing interest owing to their higher energy density and safety. As the core material of ASSBs, the characteristics of the solid electrolyte largely determine the performance of the battery. Thus far, a variety of inorganic solid electrolytes have been studied, including the NASICON-type, LISICON-type, perovskite-type, garnet-type, glassy solid electrolyte, and so on. The garnet Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO) solid electrolyte is one of the most promising candidates because of its excellent comprehensively electrochemical performance. Both, experiments and theoretical calculations, show that cubic LLZO has high room-temperature ionic conductivity and good chemical stability while contacting with the lithium anode and most of the cathode materials. In this paper, the crystal structure, Li-ion transport mechanism, preparation method, and element doping of LLZO are introduced in detail based on the research progress in recent years. Then, the development prospects and challenges of LLZO as applied to ASSBs are discussed.