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Geometry Optimization of a Metallic Flexor for Flat Wipers
Huang Ting Chuan,Tsai Jian Wei,Liao Kuo Chi 한국자동차공학회 2021 International journal of automotive technology Vol.22 No.3
In recent years, flat wipers are gradually adopted in the industry of transportation due to the rather simple structure than the standard wiper. A procedure is developed to evaluate the appropriateness of the geometry of a metallic flexor, one of major components of the flat wiper, in this study. The flexor is compressed against a level surface and the corresponding pressure distribution under the flexor is measured by using piezoelectric sensors. Several geometry parameters built in a three-dimensional flexor model are investigated to appraise their influences on the corresponding pressure distribution. A process automation software linked to a computer-aided drawing and a finite element analysis commercial packages are utilized, based on the self-defined performance index, to pursue parameter arrangements proper for the pressure distribution. The present procedures are next applied to a curved windshield glass to evaluate optimized flexor geometries at various locations. Appropriate flexors for the windshield glass are then determined and practically sampled. Dynamic wiping simulations of the integrated flat wiper on the windshield glass are furthermore carried out and the pressure distributions over the sweep range are estimated. Wiping capabilities of the wiper are experimentally observed and compared with the associated numerical results.
Chung-Chan Hung,Kuo-Wei Wen,Yueh-Ting Chen Techno-Press 2023 Advances in concrete construction Vol.15 No.6
While ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is commonly reinforced with micro straight steel fibers in existing applications, studies have indicated that the use of deformed steel macro-fibers leads to enhanced ductility and post-peak responses for UHPC structural elements, which is of particular importance for earthquake-resistant structures. However, there are potential concerns regarding the use of UHPC reinforced with macro-fibers due to the issues of workability and fiber distribution. The objective of this study was to address these issues by extensively investigating the restricted and non-restricted deformability, filling ability, horizontal and vertical velocities, and passing ability of UHPC containing macro hooked-end steel fibers. A new approach is suggested to examine the homogeneity of fiber distribution in UHPC. The influences of ultra-fine fillers and steel macro-fibers on the workability of fresh UHPC and the mechanics of hardened UHPC were examined. It was found that although increasing the ratio of quartz powder to cement led to an improvement in the workability and tensile strain hardening behavior of UHPC, it reduced the fiber distribution homogeneity. The addition of 1% volume fraction of macro-fibers in UHPC improved workability, but reduced its compressive strength, which is contrary to the effect of micro-fiber inclusion in UHPC.
An-Chen Lee,Tzu-Wei Kuo,Chung-Ting Ma 한국정밀공학회 2012 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol. No.
In this paper, we proposed a control strategy: Combined Product and Tool Disturbance Estimator (CPTDE) which combines threaded double EWMA with the drift compensation scheme, to adaptively estimate the disturbance for a mixproduct situation in semiconductor processes. This approach considers the disturbances are related to the combination of the specific product and the tool, and further separates the error into an intercept term and a drift term, where the former is related to the variation of products, whereas the latter is related to the interaction between the tools and the products. The proposed method continuously updates the intercept and drift terms to obtain the recipe for the next run. The simulation case studies, i.e., the fixed schedule process, the random schedule process, and the periodical schedule process, are conducted and the results show that CPTDE control scheme has best control performance when compared with three recently published control schemes. The method is also applied to the estimation of removal rate in mix-product CMP process. The results show that the proposed method has improvements over product-based EWMA control, CF-EWMA control and threaded PCC control by 9.52%, 2523.43% and 11.71% on average, respectively, for estimating removal rate of historical data in mix-product CMP process.
Mei-Chen Lo,Jia-Yin Chen,Yung-Ting Kuo,Wei-Lu Chen,Horng-Mo Lee,Shyang-Guang Wang 대한약학회 2019 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.42 No.8
Caloric restriction activates sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)and induces a variety of metabolic effects that are beneficialfor preventing age-related disease. The present studyscreened a commercially available used drug library todevelop small molecule activators of SIRT1 as therapeuticsfor treatment of metabolic disorders. Using an in vitrofluorescence assay, the cancer therapeutic camptothecinincreased SIRT1 enzymatic activity by 5.5-fold, indicatingit to be a potent SIRT1 activator. Camptothecin also elevatedthe nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)?/NADH ratio and increased SIRT1 protein levels in differentiatedC2C12 myogenic cells. Treatment of C2C12 myotubeswith camptothecin increased phosphorylation ofAMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-coenzyme Acarboxylase, caused nuclear translocation and deacetylationof forkhead box O1 (FoxO1), increased transcriptionand protein expression of adipose triglyceride lipase(ATGL), decreased the amount of intracellular oil droplets,and significantly increased b-oxidation of fatty acids. These in vitro data were confirmed in vivo as camptothecintreatment of C57BL/6J mice reduced fat and plasmatriglyceride levels. All of the above camptothecin-inducedalterations were attenuated by the SIRT1-specific inhibitornicotinamide and/or 6-[4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy) phenyl]-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidin (compound C). Thus, camptothecin activation of SIRT1 promotes lipidcatabolism through AMPK/FoxO1/ATGL signaling.
Chang, Chih-Chun,Sun, Jen-Tang,Liou, Tse-Hsuan,Kuo, Chin-Fu,Bei, Chia-Hao,Lin, Sheng-Jun,Tsai, Wei-Ting,Tan, N-Chi,Liou, Ching-Biau,Su, Ming-Jang,Yen, Tzung-Hai,Chu, Fang-Yeh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4
Background: It is reported that the percentage of smudge cells in the blood smear could be a prognostic indicator in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. However, the clinical significance of smudge cells in other hematological malignancies, solid tumors or non-malignant diseases is less clear. Hence, this study was conducted to survey the clinical significance of smudge cells in hematological cancers and other disorders. Materials and Methods: From January to November, 2015, the clinical data of patients who received blood examination with differential counts for clinical purpose and were found to have smudge cells in the peripheral blood film in Far Eastern Memorial Hospital were selected. The percentage of smudge cells and patient outcomes were evaluated for further univariate and survival analyses. Results: A total of 102 patients with smudge cells in their blood smears were included. Smudge cells were frequently presented in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA; n=30), infections (n=23), hematological cancers (n=23) and solid cancers (n=10). There was no relationship between the percentage of smudge cells and the patient mortality in all diseases (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.47-2.48, P=1.000) as well as the OHCA group (OR: 1.91, 95% CI: 0.38-9.60, P=0.694). It was observed that in patients with all cancers with the percentage of smudge cells less than 50% had a lower mortality rate in comparison with those who had the percentage of smudge cells of 50% or more (OR: 22.29, 95% CI: 2.38-208.80, P<0.001). Additionally, it was seemingly that patients with smudge cells of 50% or more had a lower survival rate than those with smudge cells less than 50% in all cancers with follow-up at 2-month intervals, but without statistical significance (P=0.064). Conclusions: Our survey indicated that in all cancers, those who had higher percentage of smudge cells were prone to have poor outcomes when compared with the subjects with lower percentage of smudge cells. This finding was quite different from the results of previous studies in which the race-ethnicity of most study populations was non-Asian; hence, further investigations are required. Besides, there was no apparent association of the percentage of smudge cells with patient outcomes in all diseases, including OHCA.
Angel Chao,Yi-Hao Lin,Lan-Yan Yang,Ren-Chin Wu,Wei-Yang Chang,Pi-Yueh Chang,Shih-Cheng Chang,Chiao-Yun Lin,Huei-Jean Huang,Cheng-Tao Lin,Hung-Hsueh Chou,Kuan-Gen Huang,Wen-Ling Kuo,Ting-Chang Chang,Ch 대한부인종양학회 2020 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.31 No.3
Objective: The characteristics of patients with metachronous breast and ovarian malignancies and the pathogenic role of BRCA1/2 mutations remain poorly understood. We investigated these issues through a review of hospital records and nationwide Taiwanese registry data, followed by BRCA1/2 mutation analysis in hospital-based cases. Methods: We retrospectively retrieved consecutive clinical records of Taiwanese patients who presented with these malignancies to our hospital between 2001 and 2017. We also collected information from the Data Science Center of the Taiwan Cancer Registry (TCR) between 2007 and 2015. Next-generation sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification were used to identify BRCA1/2 mutations and large genomic rearrangements, respectively. When BRCA1/2 mutations were identified in index cases, pedigrees were reconstructed and genetic testing was offered to family members. Results: A total of 12,769 patients with breast cancer and 1,537 with ovarian cancer were retrieved from our hospital records. Of them, 28 had metachronous breast and ovarian malignancies. We also identified 113 cases from the TCR dataset. Eighteen hospital-based cases underwent BRCA1/2 sequencing and germline pathogenic mutations were detected in 7 patients (38.9%, 5 in BRCA1 and 2 in BRCA2). All BRCA1/2 mutation carriers had ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas. Of the 12 patients who were alive at the time of analysis, 5 were BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. All of them had family members with BRCA1/2-associated malignancies. Conclusions: Our results provide pilot evidence that BRCA1/2 mutations are common in Taiwanese patients with metachronous breast and ovarian malignancies, supporting the clinical utility of genetic counseling.
Yi-Wen Lin,Chih-Hsiang Fang,Ya-Jyun Liang,Ching-Yun Yang,Wei-Ting Kuo,Feng-Huei Lin 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00
Background Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, and Aβ aggregation is considered to be the central process implicated in its pathogenesis. Current treatments are faced by challenges such as serious side effects and reduced drug bioavailability. In this study, we developed a drug delivery system for intramuscular injection that uses cellular activity to achieve constant and long-term drug release. Methods Synthesized mesoporous hydroxyapatite (SHAP) was prepared via co-precipitation, and hydrophobic surface modification using stearic acid was then used to load clenbuterol by physical absorption, thus creating the drug delivery system. Clenbuterol release was achieved through cellular activity, with macrophage uptake triggering lysosome/endosome disruption, cytoplasmic release, extracellular exocytosis, and subsequent systemic circulation. Results We found that clenbuterol-loaded SHAP enabled sustained release for more than 2 weeks and effectively modulated inflammation, reduced Aβ oligomer-induced toxicity, and prevented Aβ aggregation. Conclusions Our findings suggest that treatment with clenbuterol loaded in this SHAP delivery system could be a promising strategy for treating Alzheimer’s disease.