잠재적 범죄(Potential Crime) 행위에 대한 환경 색채의 영향 분석

조완임(Cao, Wan Lin),강재철(Kang, Jae Cheol) 한국디자인리서치학회 2020 한국디자인리서치 Vol.5 No.2

다양한 색채가 존재하는 일상 공간에서 우리는 심리적인 측면에서 무의식적으로 색채의 영향을 받는다. 매우 진한 빨강은 성인 남성의 호르몬을 증가시키고 정서적 흥분을 일으키며 빨간색 빛을 배경으로 한 선정적인 그림은 시각적 자극이 훨씬 더 크기 때문에 성적 및 정서적 충동을 일으켜 범죄율을 높일 수 있다는 점은 현대 과학에서 이미 증명된 바 있다. 즉, 환경 색채와 범죄 발생 간에는 밀접한 관계가 있으며, 환경 색채와 잠재적 범죄 행위 간의 관계를 심층적으로 분석해 볼 필요가 있다. 본 논문의 연구가 향후 도시 계획의 색채를 활용하여 도시 범죄를 줄이는 데에 보탬이 되길 바란다. 본 논문은 먼저 기존의 관련 문헌 및 이론을 토대로 환경 색채가 잠재적 범죄 행위에 미치는 긍정적, 부정적 영향을 분석 및 설명하고, 이를 바탕으로 환경 색채를 적절히 활용하여 잠재적인 범죄 행위를 줄인 5가지 사례, 즉 ‘Baker-Miller Pink’, ‘COOL DOWN PINK’, 소금길 ‘노란 열쇠 프로젝트’, 중국의 한 교도소의 환경 색채, 일본의 파란빛 가로등 사례에 대한 비교 분석을 통해 공간과 색채의 3요소(채도, 명도, 순도)의 응용, 유일성, 성취 지향성 등 측면에서 환경 색채 활용을 통한 잠재적 범죄 행위 예방 효과를 객관적으로 평가함으로써 잠재적 범죄 행위에 대한 환경 색채의 억제 작용을 강조하고자 한다. 환경 색채을 잘못 사용하면 잠재적 범죄 행위 발생에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있으며, 적절한 환경 색채을 사용하는 것은 범죄를 예방하는 데 긍정적인 역할을 할 수 있다. In a daily space where various colors exist, we are unconsciously affected by colors from a psychological point of view. Very dark red increases the hormones in adult males, creates emotional excitement, and sensational pictures with a reddish light background have already been shown in modern science to show that the visual stimuli are much larger, which can lead to sexual and emotional impulses, which can increase the crime rate It has been done. In other words, there is a close relationship between environmental color and the occurrence of crime, and it is necessary to in-depth analyze the relationship between environmental color and potential criminal activity. We hope that the research in this paper will help reduce urban crime by utilizing the color of urban planning in the future. This paper first analyzes and explains the positive and negative effects of environmental color on potential criminal acts based on existing related literature and theories, and based on this, five examples of reducing potential criminal acts by appropriately using environmental colors Baker-Miller Pink , COOL DOWN PINK , Salt Road Yellow Key Project , environmental color of a prison in China, and comparative analysis of the case of blue street lights in Japan through three elements of space and color (saturation, brightness) , Purity), objectively evaluating the effect of preventing environmental crime through the use of environmental colors in terms of application, uniqueness, and achievement orientation. Misuse of environmental colors can have a negative impact on the potential occurrence of criminal activity, and the use of appropriate environmental colors can play a positive role in preventing crime.

대학캠퍼스 네거티브 공간이 범죄 불안감 형성에 미치는 영향 연구 현황 및 분석

조완임(Cao, Wan Lin),강재철(Kang, Jae Cheol) 한국디자인리서치학회 2020 한국디자인리서치 Vol.5 No.4

Matthew Borett은 공간을 ‘포지티브 공간(positive space)’과 ‘네거티브 공간(negative space)’으로 나누었는데, 소위 네거티브 공간이란 어떠한 주체의 배경과 그 주체 사이의 공간(Impact Studio, Harley)을 말한다. 네거티브 공간은 긍정적인 네거티브 공간과 부정적인 네거티브 공간으로 나뉜다. 대학캠퍼스를 예로 들면, 긍정적인 네거티브 공간은 학생이 심적으로 편안함을 느끼게 하고 대학캠퍼스 생활에 활력을 더해 주지만, 부정적인 네거티브 공간은 잘 계획되어 있지 않기 때문에 공간이 제대로 활용되지 못하고 잠재적인 범죄에 대한 불안감을 느끼게 한다. 본 연구는 네거티브 공간이 범죄 불안감에 미치는 영향을 주로 논의하는 만큼, 본 연구의 독립변수인 네거티브 공간이란 부정적인 네거티브 공간을 말한다. 본 논문은 문헌분석을 연구 방법으로 채택하였다. 한국어, 중국어, 영어로 된 권위 있는 웹사이트에서 관련 연구 문헌을 검색하여 본 연구 주제와 관련된 문헌 31편을 선별한 후, 문헌의 내용과 연구 목적에 따라 분류 및 통계를 실시하였다. 시간 및 수량에 따라 배열하고 각국 대학캠퍼스 안전에 관한 연구 중점을 비교하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 대학캠퍼스 네거티브 공간과 범죄 불안감 간의 관련성을 검증하고 범죄 예방 환경 설계 이론(Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design, CPTED 셉테드)을 접목하여 관리가 소홀한 네거티브 공간을 개선하여 대학캠퍼스의 공간 활용도와 안전성을 높임으로써 학생들에게 쾌적하고 더 나은 캠퍼스 생활을 즐길 수 있도록 하는 방법을 논의한다. Matthew Borett divided the space into positive space and negative space , and the so-called negative space refers to the background of a subject and the space between them (Impact Studio, Harley). The negative space is divided into a positive negative space and a negative negative space. Taking university campuses as an example, positive negative spaces make students feel comfortable and revitalize university campus life, but negative negative spaces are not well-planned, so the space is not properly utilized and there is anxiety about potential crime. Makes you feel. As this study mainly discusses the effect of negative space on crime anxiety, negative space, which is an independent variable in this study, refers to negative negative space. In this paper, literature analysis was adopted as a research method. After searching for related research documents on authoritative websites in Korean, Chinese, and English, 31 documents related to the subject of this study were selected, and classified and statistics were performed according to the contents and purpose of the research. Arranged according to time and quantity, and compared the research focus on safety of university campuses in each country. The purpose of this study is to verify the relationship between the negative space of university campuses and crime anxiety, and by incorporating the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED Septed) to improve the neglected negative spaces to improve the space utilization of university campuses. Discuss how to increase safety so that students can enjoy a pleasant and better campus life.

Preparation, Characterization, and In vitro Antitumor Activity of Folate Conjugated Chitosan Coated EGCG Nanoparticles

Jin Liang,Lin Cao,Liang Zhang,Xiao-chun Wan 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.2

Folate conjugated chitosan coated EGCGnanoparticles (FCS-EGCG-NPs) were prepared using theionic gelation method with folic acid modified carboxymethylchitosan (FA-CMC) and chitosan hydrochloride as carriersof catechin EGCG. Characteristics of FCS-EGCG-NPswere determined using transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Synthesized FCS-EGCG-NPs were spherical in shape witha mean diameter of 400 nm. The maximum encapsulationrate of nanoparticles loaded with EGCG was 75%. FTIRspectra suggested formation of an amide linkage betweencarboxyl groups of FA-CMC and the amine groups ofchitosan hydrochloride. FCS-EGCG-NPs demonstratedsustained release of EGCG in buffer solutions of differentpH values. The antitumor activity of FCS-EGCG-NPstowards different cancer cells was also investigated. FCSEGCG-NPs had a greater tumor inhibition effect on cancercells having a large expression of folic acid receptors onthe surface than cancer cells with lesser expression.

Seismic experiment and analysis of rectangular bottom strengthened steel-concrete composite columns

Cun Hui,Yanzhi Zhu,Wan-Lin Cao,Yuanqing Wang 국제구조공학회 2016 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.20 No.3

In order to study the working mechanism of rectangular steel-concrete composite columns subjected to compression-bending load and further determine the seismic performance index, a bottom strengthened rectangular steel reinforced concrete (SRC) column with concealed steel plates and a bottom strengthened rectangular concrete filled steel tube (CFST) columns were proposed. Six column models with different configurations were tested under horizontal low cyclic loading. Based on the experiments, the load-bearing capacity, stiffness and degradation process, ductility, hysteretic energy dissipation capacity, and failure characteristics of the models were analyzed. The loadbearing capacity calculation formulas for a normal section and an oblique section of bottom strengthened rectangular steel-concrete composite columns were pesented and a finite element (FE) numerical simulation of the classical specimens was performed. The study shows that the load-bearing capacity, ductility, and seismic energy dissipation capacity of the bottom strengthened rectangular steel-concrete composite columns are significantly improved compared to the conventional rectangular steel-concrete composite columns and the results obtained from the calculation and the FE numerical simulation are in good agreement with those from the experiments. The rectangular steel-concrete composite column with bottom strengthened shows better seismic behavior and higher energy dissipation capacity under suitable constructional requirements and it can be applied to the structure design of highrise buildings.

Axial compressive behavior of special-shaped concrete filled tube mega column coupled with multiple cavities

Qiyun Qiao,Haipeng Wu,Wan-Lin Cao,Hongying Dong,Jianwei Zhang 국제구조공학회 2017 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.23 No.6

The compressive behavior of special-shaped concrete filled tube (CFT) mega column coupled with multiple cavitiesis studied by testing six columns subjected to cyclically uniaxial compressive load. The six columns include three pentagonal specimens and three hexagonal specimens. The influence of cavity construction, arrangement of reinforcement, concrete strength on failure feature, bearing capacity, stiffness, and residual deformation is examined. Experimental results show that cavity construction and reinforcements make it possible to form a combined confinement effect to in-filled concrete, and the two groups of special-shaped CFT columns show good elastic-plastic compressive behavior. As there is no axial bearing capacity calculation method currently available in any Code of practice for special-shaped CFT columns, values predicted by normal CFT column formulas in GB50936, CECS254, ACI-318, EC4, AISCI-LRFD, CECS159, and AIJ are compared with tested values. The calculated values are lower than the tested values for most columns, thus the predicted bearing capacity is safe. A reasonable calculation method by dividing concrete into active and inactive confined regions is proposed. And high accuracy shows in estimating special-shaped CFT columns either coupled with multiple cavities or not. In addition, a finite element method (FEM) analysis is conducted and the simulated results match the test well.

Strength criterion of plain recycled aggregate concrete under biaxial compression

Zhen-Jun He,Gan-Wen Liu,Wan-Lin Cao,Chang-Yang Zhou,Zhang Jia-Xing 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2015 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.16 No.2

This paper presents results of biaxial compressive tests and strength criterion on two replacement percentages of recycled coarse aggregate (RPRCA) by mass for plain structural recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) at all kinds of stress ratios. The failure mode characteristic of specimens and the direction of the cracks were observed and described. The two principally static strengths in the corresponding stress state were measured. The influence of the stress ratios on the biaxial strengths of RAC was also analyzed. The experimental results showed that the ratios of the biaxial compressive strength  3f to the corresponding uniaxial compressive strength c for the two RAC are higher than that of the conventional concrete (CC), and dependent on the replacement percentages of recycled coarse aggregate, stress states and stress ratios; however, the differences of tensile-compressive ratios for the two RAC and CC are smaller. On this basis, a new failure criterion with the stress ratios is proposed for plain RAC under biaxial compressive stress states. It provides the experimental and theoretical foundations for strength analysis of RAC structures subject to complex loads.

Seismic Behavior of Low-rise Concrete Shear Wall with Single Layer of Web Reinforcement and Inclined Rebars: Restoring Force Model

Jian-Wei Zhang,Wen-Bin Zheng,Wan-Lin Cao,Hong-Ying Dong,Wan-Di Li 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.3

In order to study the restoring force model of low-rise concrete shear wall with single layer of web reinforcement and inclined rebars, a series of specimens were investigated by quasi-static tests. Based on the fitting of experimental data and theoretical analysis, the restoring force model considering four characteristic points (crack point, yield point, peak point and failure point) and degradation of unloading stiffness was established. The hysteretic rule of restoring force model was determined by analyzing characteristic of hysteresis curve for cyclic loading tests. The results show that skeleton curves and hysteresis curves calculated by the restoring force model are in good agreement with the test curves, which can provide reference for the elastic-plastic dynamic analysis of low-rise concrete shear walls with single layer of web reinforcements and inclined rebars. Shaking table tests of two low-rise concrete shear walls were also conducted to investigate dynamic performance and the seismic damage mechanism of low-rise concrete shear wall with single layer of web reinforcement and inclined rebars. Research on dynamic nonlinear simplified model of SAP2000 shows thatthe proposed restoring force model can be used to analyze the elastic and elastic-plastic dynamic response for the low-rise concrete shear wall with single layer of web reinforcement and inclined rebars.

Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Connection of Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma of the Lung

Fan, Wei-Dong,Zhang, Xian-Quan,Guo, Hui-Lin,Zeng, Wei-Wei,Zhang, Ni,Wan, Qian-Qian,Xie, Wen-Yao,Cao, Jin,Xu, Chang-Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are the major histological types of non-small cell lung cancer. Because they differ on the basis of histopathological and clinical characteristics and their relationship with smoking, their etiologies may be different; for example, different tumor suppressor genes may be related to the genesis of each type. We used microarray data to construct three regulatory networks to identify potential genes related to lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma and investigated the similarity and specificity of them. In the network, some of the observed transcription factors and target genes had been previously proven to be related to lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. We also found some new transcription factors and target genes related to SCC. The results demonstrated that regulatory network analysis is useful in connection analysis between lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.

Light-Chain Cardiac Amyloidosis: Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for Assessing Response to Chemotherapy

Guo Yubo,Li Xiao,Gao Yajuan,Shen Kaini,Lin Lu,Wang Jian,Cao Jian,Zhang Zhuoli,Wan Ke,Zhou Xi Yang,Chen Yucheng,Zhang Long Jiang,Li Jian,Wang Yining 대한영상의학회 2024 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.25 No.5

Objective: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a diagnostic tool that provides precise and reproducible information about cardiac structure, function, and tissue characterization, aiding in the monitoring of chemotherapy response in patients with lightchain cardiac amyloidosis (AL-CA). This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of CMR in monitoring responses to chemotherapy in patients with AL-CA. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, we enrolled 111 patients with AL-CA (50.5% male; median age, 54 [interquartile range, 49–63] years). Patients underwent longitudinal monitoring using biomarkers and CMR imaging. At followup after chemotherapy, patients were categorized into superior and inferior response groups based on their hematological and cardiac laboratory responses to chemotherapy. Changes in CMR findings across therapies and differences between response groups were analyzed. Results: Following chemotherapy (before vs. after), there were significant increases in myocardial T2 (43.6 ± 3.5 ms vs. 44.6 ± 4.1 ms; P = 0.008), recovery in right ventricular (RV) longitudinal strain (median of -9.6% vs. -11.7%; P = 0.031), and decrease in RV extracellular volume fraction (ECV) (median of 53.9% vs. 51.6%; P = 0.048). These changes were more pronounced in the superior-response group. Patients with superior cardiac laboratory response showed significantly greater reductions in RV ECV (-2.9% [interquartile range, -8.7%–1.1%] vs. 1.7% [-5.5%–7.1%]; P = 0.017) and left ventricular ECV (-2.0% [-6.0%–1.3%] vs. 2.0% [-3.0%–5.0%]; P = 0.01) compared with those with inferior response. Conclusion: Cardiac amyloid deposition can regress following chemotherapy in patients with AL-CA, particularly showing more prominent regression, possibly earlier, in the RV. CMR emerges as an effective tool for monitoring associated tissue characteristics and ventricular functional recovery in patients with AL-CA undergoing chemotherapy, thereby supporting its utility in treatment response assessment.