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Low-intensity treadmill exercise and/or bright light promote neurogenesis in adult rat brain
Kwon, Sung Jin,Park, Jeongsook,Park, So Yun,Song, Kwang Seop,Jung, Sun Tae,Jung, So Bong,Park, Ik Ryeul,Choi, Wan Sung,Kwon, Sun Ok Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2013 Neural regeneration research Vol.8 No.10
<P>The hippocampus is a brain region responsible for learning and memory functions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of low-intensity exercise and bright light exposure on neurogenesis and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in adult rat hippocampus. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to control, exercise, light, or exercise + light groups (<I>n</I> = 9 per group). The rats in the exercise group were subjected to treadmill exercise (5 days per week, 30 minutes per day, over a 4-week period), the light group rats were irradiated (5 days per week, 30 minutes per day, 10 000 lx, over a 4-week period), the exercise + light group rats were subjected to treadmill exercise in combination with bright light exposure, and the control group rats remained sedentary over a 4-week period. Compared with the control group, there was a significant increase in neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of rats in the exercise, light, and exercise + light groups. Moreover, the expression level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the rat hippocampal dentate gyrus was significantly higher in the exercise group and light group than that in the control group. Interestingly, there was no significant difference in brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression between the control group and exercise + light group. These results indicate that low-intensity treadmill exercise (first 5 minutes at a speed of 2 m/min, second 5 minutes at a speed of 5 m/min, and the last 20 minutes at a speed of 8 m/min) or bright-light exposure therapy induces positive biochemical changes in the brain. In view of these findings, we propose that moderate exercise or exposure to sunlight during childhood can be beneficial for neural development.</P>
박완범 ( Wan Beom Park ),허민 ( Min Hur ),김아름 ( Ah Reum Kim ),서미성 ( Mi Sung Seo ),김주성 ( Joo Sung Kim ),권성택 ( Sung Tack Kwon ),이윤성 ( Yoon Seong Lee ),신좌섭 ( Jwa Seop Shin ) 대한내과학회 2009 대한내과학회지 Vol.76 No.4
목적: 의과대학 학생들이 내과임상실습에서 실제 환자를 대상으로 얼마나 기본 술기를 시행하고 있는지, 그 성공률은 어떤지 살펴보고자 하였으며, 그와 더불어 내과 실습 중 임상 술기센터의 술기 교육에 대한 학생들의 반응을 확인하였다. 방법: 169명의 3학년 의과대학 학생들을 대상으로 내과 실습을 마친 시점에서 설문 조사를 시행하였다. 실습 중에 실제 환자를 대상으로 정맥혈채취나 말초정맥카테터삽입술을 시행한 적이 있는지, 실제 환자를 대상으로 처음 시도한 술기가 성공했었는지, 술기교육에 있어 임상술기센터에서의 교육이 유용했는지 등을 질문하였다. 결과: 3학년 첫 실습으로 내과실습을 한 39명 중 2명(5%) 은 8주의 내과실습기간 동안 환자를 대상으로 혈액을 채취해 본적이 없다고 하였으며, 22명(56%)은 말초정맥카테터 삽입술을 해 보지 못했다고 하였다. 다른 3학년 임상실습을 마치고 마지막으로 내과실습을 한 35명 중 2명(56%)은 32주의 3학년 실습 전체 기간 동안 정맥혈채취를 해보지 못 했고 8명(23%)은 말초정맥카테터삽입술을 해보지 못했다고 응답하였다. 부분적인 성공을 성공으로 간주하였을 때 첫 환자 대상의 술기성공률은 정맥혈채취의 경우 93%, 말초정맥카테터삽입술의 경우 79%이었다. 결론: 의과대학 학생들의 환자 대상 기본술기성공률은 비교적 높은 편이었으나, 상당수의 학생들이 임상실습 중에 환자를 대상으로 기본 술기를 시행해보지 못하고 있었다. 실습 학생들이 실제 환자를 대상으로 기본 술기를 시행할 수 있는 실습체계가 필요하다. Background/Aims: This study evaluated medical students` experience performing basic clinical skills with real patients in a tertiary hospital and their response to clinical skill training in the Skills Center during their clerkship in internal medicine. Methods: We surveyed 169 third-year students at the end of the internal medicine clerkship. The questionnaire included questions on their experience sampling blood and inserting intravenous (IV) catheters with real patients, success with their first patient, and the usefulness of the Skills Center during the clinical clerkship. Results: Of the 169 students, 145 (86%) answered the questionnaire. Two (5%) of 39 students had not sampled blood and 22 (56%) had not inserted an IV catheter during the 8 weeks of the internal medicine clerkship. Two (6%) of 35 students had not sampled blood and 8 (23%) had not inserted an IV catheter during 32 weeks of the 3rd-year clinical clerkships. The partial or complete success rate for performing the skills with real patients was 93% for blood sampling and 79% for IV catheter insertion. Ninety (62%) students stated that skill training in the Skills Center during the clinical clerkship improved their basic clinical skills and 62 (43%) agreed that it increased their confidence to perform those skills on real patients. Conclusions: A significant number of medical students do not experience basic clinical skills with real patients during the clinical clerkship in a university hospital, although they had relatively high success rates performing those skills. (Korean J Med 76:451-458, 2009)
In-Tak Cho,Ju-Wan Lee,Jun-Mo Park,Woo-Seok Cheong,Chi-Sun Hwang,Joon-Seop Kwak,Il-Hwan Cho,Hyuck-In Kwon,Hyungcheol Shin,Byung-Gook Park,Jong-Ho Lee IEEE 2012 IEEE electron device letters Vol.33 No.12
<P>A high-performance amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide thin-film transistor (TFT) inverter, which is composed of an enhancement mode driver and a depletion mode load, is implemented by selectively inducing the negative bias illumination temperature stress (NBITS) to the load TFT. Under NBITS, the transfer curve of the load TFT shows a parallel shift into the negative bias direction without a significant change in the subthreshold slope and recovers very slowly after terminating the NBITS even under harsh bias and temperature stress conditions. The proposed inverter shows much improved switching characteristics including higher voltage gain, wider swing range, and higher noise margins compared to the conventional inverter with an enhancement load.</P>
Jung, Hyo Sung,Kwon, Pil Seung,Lee, Jeong Won,Kim, Jae Il,Hong, Chang Seop,Kim, Jong Wan,Yan, Shihai,Lee, Jin Yong,Lee, Jung Hwa,Joo, Taiha,Kim, Jong Seung American Chemical Society 2009 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.131 No.5
<P>A novel coumarin-based fluorogenic probe bearing the 2-picolyl unit (1) was developed as a fluorescent chemosensor with high selectivity and suitable affinity in biological systems toward Cu(2+) over other cations tested. The fluorescence on-off mechanism was studied by femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) upconversion technique and ab initio calculations. The receptor can be applied to the monitoring of Cu(2+) ion in aqueous solution with a pH span 4-10. To confirm the suitability of 1 for biological applications, we also employed it for the fluorescence detection of the changes of intracellular Cu(2+) in cultured cells. The results indicate that 1 should be useful for the fluorescence microscopic imaging and the study on the biological functions of Cu(2+).</P>
A Study on the Control of Microstructures of Polyalphaolefins via Cationic Polymerization
Young Soo Ko(고영수),Wan-Seop Kwon(권완섭),Myoung-Han No(노명한),Jin-Heong Yim(임진형) 한국고분자학회 2015 폴리머 Vol.39 No.2
폴리알파올레핀(PAO)은 유동점, 점도지수, 열/산화 안정성이 광유 기반의 윤활유보다 우수한 합성 윤활유이다. 본 연구에서는 1-펜텐, 1-헥센, 1-옥텐, 및 1-도데센을 단량체로 사용하고 세가지 종류의 알루미늄계 루이스 산촉매로 양이온 중합을 수행하여 다양한 PAO를 합성하였다. PAO 중합 성능과 제조된 PAO의 분자량, 동점도, 유동점과 점도지수를 다양한 중합 조건에서 조절할 수 있었다. 알킬 알루미늄 할라이드계 촉매가 기존의 AlCl3계 촉매에 비하여 촉매 성능이 우수하였다. PAO의 미세구조를 비행-시간형 질량분석기(TOF-MS) 해석을 통하여 PAO의 미세구조와 윤활유로의 성능(점도지수, 유동점)과의 상관관계를 규명하였다. 특히, PAO의 점도지수는 알파 올레핀의 탄소수 증가에 따라 상승하여, PAO의 분지길이가 점도지수와 밀접한 상관관계가 있음을 확인하였다. Polyalphaolefin (PAO) is a synthetic lubricant that is superior to mineral-based lubricants in the terms of physical and chemical characteristics such as low pour point, high viscosity index (VI), and thermal and oxidation stability. Several kinds of PAOs have been synthesized by using 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, or 1-dodecene as monomer with three kinds of aluminum-based Lewis acid catalysts via cationic polymerization. The control of the catalytic performance and physical properties of PAO such like molecular weight, kinematic viscosity, pour point, and viscosity index was done by changing polymerization parameters. The alkyl aluminum halide-based catalysts show better catalytic activity than that of the conventional AlCl3 catalyst. The microstructure of PAO was investigated by means of TOF-MS (time of flightmass spectroscopy) analysis in order to elucidate the correlation between the performances of the lubricant (VI, pour point) and the molecular structure of PAO. The VI of PAO increases with increases in the carbon number of α-olefin. In other words, the performances of PAO as a lubricant strongly depended on the branch length of PAO.
홍형석(Hyoung Seok Hong),배현섭(Hyun Seop Bae),차신(Shin Cha),이완권(Wan Kwon Lee),권용래(Yang Rae Kwon) 한국정보과학회 1994 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.21 No.1
구조적 요구 분석 방법론은 시스템의 요구 사항을 정형화된 형태로 분석하기 위해서 제안되었다. 하지만 구조적 요구 분석 방법론에 따라 시스템을 분석한다 할지라도 소프트웨어는 비교적 추상적이어서 그것이 실제적으로 작동하는 것을 관찰하기 전에는 시스템의 요구사항에 대한 해를 얻기 어렵다. 그러므로 요구 분석 단계에서 원형화 도구가 함께 제공된다면 요구 분석 도구가 요구 사항을 정의하는데 많은 도움이 될 수 있다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는, 그래픽한 형태의 자료흐름도를 중심으로 시스템의 요구 사항을 분석할 수 있는 구조적 요구 분석 도구와, 분석된 요구 사항을 검증하기 위한 원형화 도구를 통합하여 요구 분석 단계에서의 원형화를 지원하는 CASE 도구를 개발하였다.