Effect of Leptin and IGFBP-3 Gene Polymorphisms on Serum IgG Level of Cattle Calves

Choudhary, Vivek,Kumar, Pushpendra,Saxena, V.K.,Bhattacharya, T.K.,Bhushan, Bharat,Sharma, Arjava,Ahmed, K.A. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.8

Leptin and IGFBP-3 are two proteins that play an important role in growth and metabolism of the animals. They are also involved in the immune function of animals and, thus, are candidate genes for the study of association with immune functions. Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of these two genes was done to screen 64 crossbred (Holstein Friesian${\times}$Hariana) female calves of one year of age. From each RFLPs (fragments) three genotypes were observed. In all the RFLPs the mutant homozygotes were very less in numbers and, hence, were excluded from the least squares analysis. The serum IgG level was estimated using SRID assay. The mean level of serum IgG was $28.83{\pm}2.73mg/ml$. The effect of these identified genotypes on serum IgG level of calves at one year of age was analysed using least squares analysis. The HaeIII RFLP-AB genotype had significantly (p<0.05) higher serum IgG level ($31.86{\pm}3.05$) than the HaeIII RFLP-AA ($25.62{\pm}2.96$) genotype. There was no significant effect of leptin genotypes on the IgG level. The present results indicated a role of the IGFBP-3 gene on serum IgG level of cattle calves.

The inhibition action of analgin on the corrosion of mild steel in acidic medium: A combined theoretical and experimental approach

Bashir, Sumayah,Sharma, Vivek,Lgaz, Hassane,Chung, Ill-Min,Singh, Ambrish,Kumar, Ashish Elsevier 2018 Journal of molecular liquids Vol.263 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The corrosion inhibitive property of analgin on mild steel in 1 M HCl was determined for the first time by using experimental and theoretical studies. Weight loss results showed that analgin showed 96.1% inhibition efficiency at 4000 ppm and 298 K. Results showed that analgin acts as a mixed type inhibitor. Effect of concentration of inhibitor and temperature on corrosion inhibition efficiency has been studied. Effect of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters has also been reported. Results show that adsorption of analgin on metal surface follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. A detailed theoretical data was obtained from Molecular dynamic simulations and quantum chemical calculations using density functional theory (DFT). All the combined results showed appreciable inhibition efficiencies. The morphological and topographical studies were done by SEM and AFM techniques. All the results were in good agreement with each other.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Corrosion protection properties of analgin have been investigated. </LI> <LI> Potentiodynamic polarization curves reveal that tested inhibitor act as mixed type. </LI> <LI> The adsorption of inhibitor obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm. </LI> <LI> Surface morphology was examined by SEM and AFM. </LI> <LI> The experimental results were correlated with quantum chemical and molecular dynamic stimulation results. </LI> </UL> </P>

A novel orange-red emitting Ba2Ca(BO3)2:Sm3+ phosphor to fill the amber gap in LEDs: Synthesis, structural and luminescence characterizations

M. Manhas,Vinay Kumar,Vivek K. Singh,J. Sharma,Ram Prakash,Vishal Sharma,A.K. Bedyal,H.C. Swart 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.11

The present paper reports on the structural and luminescent properties of un-doped and Sm3þ doped Ba2Ca(BO3)2 phosphors synthesized by the conventional solid state method. For structural characterizations, the X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy and Rietveld refinement method were used. The FTIR spectrum was composed of basic BO3 and BO4 structural units of borates. The Sm3þ doped phosphors under 402 nm (6H5/2/4L13/2) excitation, showed an orange red emission corresponding to the 601 nm (4G5/2 / 6H7/2) transition of the Sm3þ ion. An increase in the PL emission intensity was observed up to 2 mol % with the increase in Sm3þ ions concentration. The critical distance between the Sm3þ e Sm3þ ions were found to be 24.36 Å. Moreover, the phosphors decaytime and optical bandgap at different concentration of Sm3þ ion also have been discussed in details. All the results show that Ba2Ca(BO3)2:Sm3þ phosphor may be used with a near ultraviolet (n-UV) chip to fill the amber gap in light emitting diodes (LEDs).

Successful Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Infection with Directly Acting Antivirals in Renal Transplant Recipients

( Sunil Taneja ),( Ajay Duseja ),( Arka De ),( Vivek Kumar ),( Raja Ramachandran ),( Ashish Sharma ),( Radha K Dhiman ),( Krishan L Gupta ),( Yogesh Chawla ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Background and Aims: The data regarding the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in renal transplant recipients is lacking from the Asia-Pacific region. Aim of the present study was to assess the safety and efficacy of directly acting antivirals (DAAs) in the treatment of CHC infection in renal transplant recipients. Methods: A total of 47 HCV infected renal transplant recipients were enrolled in this real life observational cohort analysis between March 2015 and September 2016. Presence of hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis was assessed on transient elastography (Fibroscan). Fourteen patients were treated with Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin for 24 weeks. Twenty-two patients received Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir and twelve patients received Sofosbuvir and Daclatasvir with (n=3) or without (n=31) Ribavirin for 12 or 24 weeks depending on genotype and underlying cirrhosis. Data was analyzed for safety and treatment efficacy [sustained virological response at 12 weeks (SVR12)]. Results: The mean baseline HCV RNA concentration in the whole group was 7.38 x 106 IU/ml (1.23 x 104- 6.36 X 107). The SVR12 rates were 100% in all groups except in the Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin group (86%). Transient Elastography revealed minimal or no fibrosis (F0-F1) in 31 (65.96%) patients, moderate fibrosis (F2) in 11 (23.4%) patients and cirrhosis in 5 (10.64%) patients. The only serious adverse effect was anemia observed in 8 (57%) patients in the Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin group. Conclusions: DAAs including Sofosbuvir, Daclatasvir and Ledipasvir with or without ribavirin are safe and effective for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in renal transplant recipients

Leptin DNA Methylation and Its Association with Metabolic Risk Factors in a Northwest Indian Obese Population

Sadashiv,Anupama Modi,Manoj Khokhar,Praveen Sharma,Rajnish Joshi,Sudhanshu Shekhar Mishra,Rajay N Bharshankar,Sunita Tiwari,Pankaj Kumar Singh,Vivek Vidyadhar Bhosale,Mahendra Pal Singh Negi 대한비만학회 2021 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.30 No.3

Background: It is well established that obesity is a major health risk in diabetes and associated diseases. Epigenetic changes, specially DNA methylation, play an important role in regulation of adipokines. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the DNA methylation status at the promoter region of the leptin gene in obese individuals and its association with metabolic risk factors. Methods: The study included obese (n=100) and non-obese (n=75) individuals aged 25–45 years, and measured their physical, biochemical parameters (glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles) and leptin, DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), and DNA methyltransferase 3 beta (DNMT3b) mRNA expressions with real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). DNA methylation of the leptin gene at the promoter region was analyzed by methyl-specific qPCR . Results: The study found that the DNA methylation level at the promoter area of the leptin gene was negatively associated with weight in obese subjects. Furthermore, study findings showed that the DNA methylation level was negatively associated with fasting insulin, glucose, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and total cholesterol. There was also a higher expression of DNMT1 and DNMT-3b in obese subjects as compared with non-obese subjects. Conclusion: The leptin epigenetic profile may be associated with obesity and its associated metabolic risk factors.

Determination of levels of nitric oxide in smoker and nonsmoker patients with chronic periodontitis

Wadhwa, Deepti,Bey, Afshan,Hasija, Mukesh,Moin, Shagufta,Kumar, Arun,Aman, Shazia,Sharma, Vivek Kumar Korean Academy of Periodontology 2013 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.43 No.5

Purpose: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor in periodontal diseases. The pathogenesis of periodontal diseases may be affected by alterations of the inflammatory response by smoke. Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous, colorless, highly reactive, short-lived free radical with a pivotal role in the regulation of various physiological and pathological mechanisms in the body. It is important in host defense and homeostasis, on the one hand, whereas, on the other hand, it modulates the inflammatory response in periodontitis, leading to harmful effects. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of NO in both the serum and saliva of smokers and nonsmokers having chronic periodontitis and to compare them with periodontally healthy controls. Methods: Sixty subjects participated in the study and were divided into three groups: group I, healthy nonsmoking subjects; group II, nonsmoking patients with chronic periodontitis; group III, smoking patients with chronic periodontitis. Each group consisted of twenty subjects. The biochemical estimation of NO in the collected serum and in the saliva was performed using the Griess colorimetric reaction. Results: The results showed that the mean value of the salivary and serum NO was greater in group II than in group I, and also greater in group III than in group II. Conclusions: NO appears to play an important and rather complex role in the immuno-inflammatory process and in the remodeling and maintenance of osseous structures. It is therefore logical that modulation of this mediator has potential for the treatment of a number of inflammatory conditions including periodontal disease.

Determination of levels of nitric oxide in smoker and nonsmoker patients with chronic periodontitis

Deepti Wadhwa,Afshan Bey,Mukesh Hasija,Shagufta Moin,Arun Kumar,Shazia Aman,Vivek Kumar Sharma 대한치주과학회 2013 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.43 No.5

Purpose: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor in periodontal diseases. The pathogenesis of periodontal diseases may be affected by alterations of the inflammatory response by smoke. Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous, colorless, highly reactive, shortlived free radical with a pivotal role in the regulation of various physiological and pathological mechanisms in the body. It is important in host defense and homeostasis, on the one hand, whereas, on the other hand, it modulates the inflammatory response in periodontitis, leading to harmful effects. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of NO in both the serum and saliva of smokers and nonsmokers having chronic periodontitis and to compare them with periodontally healthy controls. Methods: Sixty subjects participated in the study and were divided into three groups: group I, healthy nonsmoking subjects;group II, nonsmoking patients with chronic periodontitis; group III, smoking patients with chronic periodontitis. Each group consisted of twenty subjects. The biochemical estimation of NO in the collected serum and in the saliva was performed using the Griess colorimetric reaction. Results: The results showed that the mean value of the salivary and serum NO was greater in group II than in group I, and also greater in group III than in group II. Conclusions: NO appears to play an important and rather complex role in the immuno-inflammatory process and in the remodeling and maintenance of osseous structures. It is therefore logical that modulation of this mediator has potential for the treatment of a number of inflammatory conditions including periodontal disease. Purpose: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor in periodontal diseases. The pathogenesis of periodontal diseases may be affected by alterations of the inflammatory response by smoke. Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous, colorless, highly reactive, shortlived free radical with a pivotal role in the regulation of various physiological and pathological mechanisms in the body. It is important in host defense and homeostasis, on the one hand, whereas, on the other hand, it modulates the inflammatory response in periodontitis, leading to harmful effects. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of NO in both the serum and saliva of smokers and nonsmokers having chronic periodontitis and to compare them with periodontally healthy controls. Methods: Sixty subjects participated in the study and were divided into three groups: group I, healthy nonsmoking subjects;group II, nonsmoking patients with chronic periodontitis; group III, smoking patients with chronic periodontitis. Each group consisted of twenty subjects. The biochemical estimation of NO in the collected serum and in the saliva was performed using the Griess colorimetric reaction. Results: The results showed that the mean value of the salivary and serum NO was greater in group II than in group I, and also greater in group III than in group II. Conclusions: NO appears to play an important and rather complex role in the immuno-inflammatory process and in the remodeling and maintenance of osseous structures. It is therefore logical that modulation of this mediator has potential for the treatment of a number of inflammatory conditions including periodontal disease.

Nutrient recycling of source-separated human faeces using biochar immobilized indigenous psychrotrophic bacteria for sustaining the agroecosystems of north-western Himalaya

Borker Shruti Sinai,Thakur Aman,Pandey Krishna Kanta,Sharma Pallavi,Manyapu Vivek,Khatri Abhishek,Kumar Rakshak 한국응용생명화학회 2024 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.67 No.-

The Himalayan composting toilets (CTs) offer a sustainable solution for converting human faeces (HF) into com post, supplementing the low-fertile land of the region. However, CTs face challenges such as delayed composting processes (6–8 months), increased heavy metal content, and foul odour. Therefore, the current study evaluated biochar-amended psychrotrophic bacteria for HF degradation under low-temperature conditions (10 ± 2 °C). Out of 153 psychrotrophic bacteria isolated from HF compost, 17 bacterial strains were selected based on highest and two or more hydrolytic activities. Furthermore, considering the isolation source, bacterial strains were exam ined for haemolytic activity, biofilm formation, cytotoxicity and seed germination assay. In total, 14 potential strains belonging to Pseudomonas, Microbacterium, Arthrobacter, Streptomyces, Glutamicibacter, Rhodococcus, Serratia, Exig uobacterium, and Jeotgalicoccus genera were considered safe for both human handling and plants. The composting process was conducted in modified plastic drums at 10 ± 2 °C for 90 days through two treatments: Treatment 1 (T1) involving HF, non-immobilized biochar and cocopeat, and Treatment 2 (T2) involving HF, consortium-immobilized biochar and cocopeat. The consortium-immobilized biochar (T2) degraded HF within 90 days with hemicellulose and cellulose degradation ratios of 73.9% and 62.4%, respectively (p ≤ 0.05). The compost maturation indices like C/N ratio (16.5 ± 1.85), total nitrogen (2.66 ± 0.07), total phosphate (0.4 ± 0.005), total potassium (1.8 ± 0.05) also improved in T2 treatment (p ≤ 0.05). Additionally, T2 was more effective in achieving safe levels of faecal coliforms (< 1000 MPN g−1) and reducing heavy metal content compared to T1. 16S rRNA amplicon-based analysis demonstrated an enhancement of bacterial community diversity in T2, with the presence of Rhodococcus, Pseudomonas, Arthro bacter, and Streptomyces at the end of the composting period promoting HF degradation. Furthermore, T2-fertilized soil showed a germination index (121 ± 0.4, p ≤ 0.05) and stimulated root, shoot and yield by 110%, 45.2%, and 288%, respectively, in pea (Pisum sativum var. AS-10) compared to T1 (49.6%, 19%, and 5.8%, respectively) (p ≤ 0.05). In con clusion, the developed biochar-based formulation proved effective in degrading HF at low temperatures, mitigating foul odours, reducing heavy metals, and enhancing the agronomic value of the final compost. This study presents a promising approach for the sustainable management of HF that can supplement the non-nutritive soil of high altitude regions.