Simplified approach for symbol error rate analysis of SC‐FDMA scheme over Rayleigh fading channel

Vinay Kumar Trivedi,Madhusudan Kumar Sinha,Preetam Kumar 한국전자통신연구원 2018 ETRI Journal Vol.40 No.4

In this paper, we present a comprehensive analytical study of the symbol error rate (SER) of single‐carrier frequency‐division multiple access (SC‐FDMA) with zero‐forcing frequency domain equalization (ZF‐FDE) over a Rayleigh fading channel. SC‐FDMA is considered as a potential waveform candidate for fifth‐generation (5G) radio access networks (RANs). First, the NC fold convolution of the noise distribution of an orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM) system is computed for each value of the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) in order to determine the noise distribution of the SC‐FDMA system. NC is the number of subcarriers assigned to a user or the size of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) precoding. Here, we present a simple alternative method of calculating the SER by simplifying the NC fold convolution using time and amplitude scaling properties. The effects of the NC fold convolution and SNR over the computation of the SER of the SC‐FDMA system has been separated out. As a result, the proposed approach only requires the computation of the NC fold convolution once, and it is used for different values of SNR to calculate the SER of SC‐FDMA systems.

Data Hiding approach based on Eight-Queens Problem and Pixel Mapping Method

Abhishek Bansal,Sunil Kumar Muttoo,Vinay Kumar 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.5

A new steganographic algorithm is presented using pixel mapping method based on eight queens and number of ones in pixel intensity value. In our method, we are sequentially selecting 81 pixel blocks to embed message bit. The method works with randomizing the bit selection in the 81 pixel block using eight queens’ solutions. This approach finds relationship between secret message and cover image according to the pixel mapping table. In this paper, we have presented a secure image steganography technique with acceptable levels of imperceptibility and distortion in the cover image. In presenting algorithm, security is considered by the randomize selection of eight queen’s solutions based on a seed value. The presented algorithm not only provides high level security, but also produces high capacity and good imperceptibility. The algorithm has been tested with different image file formats like BMP, TIFF and PNG.

Gallbladder neck cancer and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

Vinay Kumar Kapoor 한국간담췌외과학회 2015 한국간담췌외과학회지 Vol.19 No.2

A new efficient route for synthesis of R,R- and S,Shexamethylpropyleneamine oxime for labeling with technetium-99m

Vinay Kumar Banka,김영주,이윤상,정재민 대한방사성의약품학회 2020 Journal of radiopharmaceuticals and molecular prob Vol.6 No.2

[99mTc]Tc-Hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) is currently used as a regional cerebral blood flow imaging agent for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The HMPAO ligand exists in two isomeric forms: d,l and meso showing different properties in vivo. Later studies indicated that brain uptake patterns of 99mTc-complexes formed from separated enantiomers differed. Separation of enantiomers is difficult by fractional crystallizations method. Usually, the substance is obtained in low chemical yield in a time-consuming procedure. Furthermore, the final product still contains some impurity. So we have developed new efficient route for synthesis of R,R - and S,S -HMPAO enantiomeric compounds in 6-steps. Nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reactions of 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine either with S- (1a) or R-methyl-2-chloropropanoate (1b) were performed to produce compounds R,R- (2a) or S,S -isomer (2b) derivatives protected with benzylchloroformate (Cbz), respectively. And then Weinreb amide and methylation reaction using Grignard reagent, oxime formation with ketone group and deprotectiion of Cbz group by hydrogenolysis gave S,S- (7a) or R,R-HMPAO (7b), respectively. Entaniomeric compounds were synthesied with high yield and purity without any undesired product. The 7a or 7b kits containing 10 µg SnCl2-2H2O were labeled with 99mTc with high radiolabeling yield (90%).

Numerical investigation of a star's trajectory in binary Quasar system

VINAY KUMAR,BEENA R GUPTA,RAJIV AGGARWAL 장전수학회 2016 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.26 No.3

In this paper, we have considered Time-Frequency analysis (TFA) based on wavelets for the identification and classification of trajectories in a nonlinear dynamical model. Time-Frequency Analysis (TFA) is the relatively fast method. Ridge-plots (Time-frequency landscape) obtained from Time-Frequency Analysis (TFA) extracts instantaneous frequency from the phase of continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The nonlinear model considered in the analysis is the binary system of quasars hosted in the pair of interacting disk galaxies introduced recently. We have characterized the different type of trajectories like periodic, quasi-periodic, chaotic sticky, chaotic non-sticky, weakly and strongly chaotic. We have shown a comparative study between Time-Frequency Analysis (TFA) and a well-established method Lyapunov Characteristic Exponent (LCE). We have also presented the graphs explaining the phenomenon of transient chaos and resonance trapping.

People Location Tracking System for Indoor Environmants Using Distributed Wireless Sensor Network

Vinay Kumar Singh,Wan-Young Chung,Hyotaek Lim 제어로봇시스템학회 2006 제어로봇시스템학회 국내학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.6

Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization for Short-Term Non-Convex Economic Scheduling of Hydrothermal Energy Systems

Vinay Kumar Jadoun,Nikhil Gupta,Khaleequr Rehman Niazi,Anil Swarnkar 대한전기학회 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.5

This paper presents an Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO) to solve short-term hydrothermal scheduling (STHS) problem with non-convex fuel cost function and a variety of operational constraints related to hydro and thermal units. The operators of the conventional PSO are dynamically controlled using exponential functions for better exploration and exploitation of the search space. The overall methodology efficiently regulates the velocity of particles during their flight and results in substantial improvement in the conventional PSO. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been tested for STHS of two standard test generating systems while considering several operational constraints like system power balance constraints, power generation limit constraints, reservoir storage volume limit constraints, water discharge rate limit constraints, water dynamic balance constraints, initial and end reservoir storage volume limit constraints, valve-point loading effect, etc. The application results show that the proposed EPSO method is capable to solve the hard combinatorial constraint optimization problems very efficiently.

Exploiting the bioactive properties of essential oils and their potential applications in food industry

Vinay Kumar Pandey,Anjali Tripathi,Shivangi Srivastava,Aamir Hussain Dar,Rahul Singh,Alvina Farooqui,Sneha Pandey 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.7

Fruits are an abundant source of minerals and nutrients. High nutritional value and easy-to-consume property have increased its demand. In a way to fulfil this need, farmers have increased production, thus making it available for consumers in various regions. This distribution of fruits to various regions deals with many associated problems like deterioration and spoilage. In a way, the common practices that are being used are stored at low temperatures, preservation with chemicals, and many more. Recently, edible coating has emerged as a promising preservation technique to combat the above-mentioned problems. Edible coating stands for coating fruits with bioactive compounds which maintains the nutritional characteristics of fruit and also enhances the shelf life. The property of edible coating to control moisture loss, solute movement, gas exchange, and oxidation makes it most suitable to use. Preservation is uplifted by maintaining the nutritional and physicochemical properties of fruits with the effectiveness of essential oils. The essential oil contains antioxidant, antimicrobial, flavor, and probiotic properties. The utilization of essential oil in the edible coating has increased the property of coating. This review includes the process of extraction, potential benefits and applications of essential oils in food industry.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure: Terminology, mechanisms and management

Vinay Kumar BR,Shiv Kumar Sarin 대한간학회 2023 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.29 No.3

Acute-on-chronic liver failure is an acute deterioration of liver function manifesting as jaundice and coagulopathy with the development of ascites, with a high probability of extrahepatic organ involvement and high 28-day mortality. The pathogenesis involves extensive hepatic necrosis, which is associated with severe systemic inflammation and subsequently causes the cytokine storm, leading to portal hypertension, organ dysfunction, and organ failure. These patients have increased gut permeability, releasing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPS) in the blood, leading to hyper-immune activation and the secretion of cytokines, followed by immune paralysis, causing the development of infections and organ failure in a proportion of patients. Early detection and the institution of treatment, especially in the "Golden Window" period of 7 days, gives an opportunity for reversal of the syndrome. Scores like the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) ACLF research consortium (AARC) score, a model for end stage liver disease (MELD), and the CLIF Consortium acute-on-chronic liver failure (CLIF-C ACLF) score can help in the prediction of mortality. Treatment strategy includes treatment of acute insult. Patients should be considered for early transplant with MELD score >28, AARC score >10, high-grade hepatic encephalopathy, and in the absence of >2 organ failure or overt sepsis to improve survival of up to 80% at five years. Patients, with no option of transplant, can be treated with emerging therapies like faecal microbial transplant, plasma exchange, etc., which need further evaluation.

Estimation of glacial retreat and mass loss in Baspa basin, Western Himalaya

Vinay Kumar Gaddam,Anil V. Kulkarni,Anil Kumar Gupta 대한공간정보학회 2016 Spatial Information Research Vol.24 No.3

Glaciers are one of the valuable natural resources in Indian Himalaya. A large number of people depend on glacier melt for social and industrial activities. Therefore, monitoring the glacial changes becomes crucial. In the present study, retreat and mass balance of 19 glaciers in Baspa basin were analysed. An overall de-glaciation of 24 % (41.1 ± 8.37 km2) was observed between 1962 and 2014. Mass balance was estimated by Accumulation Area Ratio and Equilibrium Line Altitude (ELA) methods. The mean ELA estimate varies between 5147 ± 178 and 5405 ± 173 m. Negative mass balance was observed and the estimated mass loss is 3.6 mega tonne (3.6 9 106 m3), for a period of 9 years between 1998 and 2014. In addition, temperature and precipitation data obtained at Rackham observatory (3050 m) were analysed for a period of 29 years, between 1984 and 2013. The analysis showed an increasing trend in annual mean temperature, decreasing trend in precipitation and a higher rise in minimum temperatures of both summer and winter. Thus, the overall observations suggest continuous loss of glacier area and mass, which may influence the glacier’s health and run-off in Baspa basin.