번들조정에 의한 항공삼각망의 최적형상 결정에 관한 연구

박운용,신상철,윤경철 東亞大學校 大學院 1996 大學院論文集 Vol.21 No.-

The capability to map all potrions of the earth's surface always depended on the capacity to survey. Classical analog photogrammetry has been enhanced by more accurate and more rapid digital vector output. Analog plotter can moreover now easily be converted into analytical instruments to facilitate orientation, operator asisted DTM measurement, aerial triangulation, and vector plotting. Digital photogrammetry with scanned aerial photography has greatly enhanced the capabilities of restitution at large and medium scales. Digital orthophotography offers possibilities, which are one order of magnnitude less costly than conventional mapping, even though the same resolution performance cannot yet be reached, when digital work stations with reasonable computing speeds are campared with analytical plotters. However with rapidly increasing computer performance, the situation is gradually changing in favour of digital systems. In this study, the accuracy of three dimensional location was improved by bundle block adjustment with additional parameters, which are able to systematic error through detection and elimination of the gross error for observation values in aerial triangulation. In order to test thevariability in performance of the different weighting schemes in accurately detecting gross error, robust estimation method. And also, the different control point patterns and ovelap, twelve types of additional parameters were used for comparison analysis. As a result, it is expected to the sequential procedure of analysis can be utilized in the accuracy analysis of aerial triangulation effectively.

다목적 시설물관리를 위한 지형공간정보체계의 자료기반 구축에 관한 연구

박운용,윤경철,신상철 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1995 硏究報告 Vol.19 No.2

GSIS is a system that contains apatially referenced data that can be analyzed and converted to information for a specific set of purpose, or application. The key feature of a GSIS the analysis of data to produce new information. The current emphasis in the multi-purpose facility management is to implement GSIS in conjunction with database systems. This study is about the database design of GSIS, which is an important and time consuming activity necessary in the implementation of such systems. In this study, distinguishing data into a base map, a thematic map data, documents according to data types and dividing it into spatial data and attribute data according to data characteristics. The GSIS application process for facility management of Dong-A University is divided into two phases.

원자력발전소 PSI/ISI 데이터 관리를 위한 지능형 데이터 베이스 프로그램 개발

박은수,박익근,엄병국,박윤원,강석철 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1998 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.18 No.5

Windows 95 환경하에서 PSI/ISI 데이터의 효율적 관리를 위한 종합지원시스템의 구축과 다원적평가와 분석이 가능하고, 비파괴검사에 의한 원전기기의 건전성 평가시 규제측면에서 기술적인 지원을 할 수 있는 고리 원전 PSI/ISI 데이터 베이스 구축과 프로그램을 개발하였다. 이 프로그램을 활용하면 현재까지 수행된 고리 원전 PSI/ISI의 수행현황과 지금까지 발견된 결함에 대한 조사분석이 가능하며, 향후 국내 PSI/ISI결과의 자료분석이 가능한 전문가 시스템(expert system)개발에 한단계 접근하게 되었다. 그리고, PSI/ISI에서 발견된 결함에 대한 조사분석 결과를 근거로 결함의 종류, 형태, 처리방법 등에 대한 자세한 분석을 통하여 국내 원전 PSI/ISI 결과의 확률론적 신뢰도 평가, 또는 확률론적 안전성평가를 위한 결함검출확률곡선의 작성과 위험도에 근거한 가동중검사제도의 도입에 필요한 기초 자료를 제공하였다. 더 나아가 지금까지의 자료분석을 바탕으로 보다 경제적이며 신뢰성이 높은 PSI/ISI의 수행으로 원전 압력경계기기의 건전성과 신뢰성 확보 및 수명예측을 위한 기초자료를 제공하였다. For an effective and efficient management of large amounts of preservice/inservice inspection(PSI/ISI) data in nuclear power plants, an intellegent Windows 95-based data management program was developed. This program enables the prompt extraction of previously conducted PSI/ISI conditions and results so that the time-consuming data management, painstaking data processing and analysis in the past are avoided. The program extracts, and the associated remedies. Furthermore, additional inspection data and comments can be easily added or deleted for subsequent PSI/ISI operation. Although the initial version of the program was applied to Kori nuclear power plant, this program can be equally applied to other nuclear power plant. And also this program can be used to offer the fundamental data for application of evaluation data related to fracture mechanics analysis(FMA), probabilistic reliability assessment(PRA) of PSI/ISI results, performance demonstration initiative (PDI) and risk-informed ISI based on probability of detection(POD) information of ultrasonic examination. Besides, the program can be further developed as a unique PSI/ISI data management expert system that can be apart of PSI/ISI data management expert system that can be a part of PSI/ISI Total Support System(TSS) for Korean nuclear power plants.

龜尾市 人文系高等學生들의 吸煙實態와 關聯要因 分析

南喆鉉,朴千萬,崔銀庭 慶山大學校 保健福祉硏究所 1999 保健福祉硏究 Vol.3 No.-

고등학생들의 흡연실태와 이에 영향을 주는 요인을 파악하여 건전한 청소년 시절을 보낼 수 있도록 하는 금연 교육 프로그램 개발에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 1998년 2월 28일부터 3월 7일까지 경북 구미시 소재 고등학생 6개 인문계 고등학생을 대상으로 설문조사 한 바 다음과 같은 요약과 결론을 얻었다. 1) 조사대상자의 일반특성은 여자가 50.5%였고 학년별로는 1학년이 34.0%로 가장 높았으며 2학년 33.7%, 3학년 32.3%였다. 종교는 무교가 47.5%로, 한달용돈 3만원 이하에서 43.4%로, 고졸자 아버지를 둔 학생이 47.1%였고 흡연하는 부모와 생활하는 학생이 66.3%로 높았으며, 스트레스가 심하다는 학생이 75.1%, 술을 마시는 학생이 79.5%로 타군보다 높았다. 2) 특성별 흡연실태 (1) 고등학생의 흡연률은 24.9%였으며 남학생 흡연률은 25.2%였고 여학생은 24.7%였다. 학년별 흡연률은 1학년에서 28.7%, 3학년 28.1%, 2학년 18.0% 순이였다. 특성별로는 불교신자에서 22.2%로, 한달용돈 3-5만원에서 35.5%로, 가정에서 부모가 흡연을 하는 경우 26.4%로 타군에 비해 각각 높았다. 학교성적이 나쁜쪽이, 스트레스가 심할수록 술을 마실수록 흡연률이 높았다. <표5> 변수별 상관관계 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 구분 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 성별 1.0000 2. 학년 0.0209 1.0000 3. 종교 0.0405 0.0831 1.0000 4. 용돈 0.0230 0.0783 -0.0354 1.0000 5. 아버지교육정도-0.0772 -0.0279 0.0870 -0.0058 1.0000 6. 학교성적 0.0578 0.0789 -0.0206 0.0008 -0.0694 1.0000 7. 부모님맞벌이 -0.1119** -0.0278 0.0714 -0.0249 0.2207* -0.0246 1.0000 8. 부모님흡연여부 -0.0070 0.0640 0.0040 0.0138 0.0103 0.0043 -0.0733 1.0000 9. 스트레스 정도 0.0052 -0.0783 -0.0014 -0.1287** -0.0400 0.0943 0.0078 0.0015 1.0000 10. 음주여부 0.0365 -0.1328** 0.0470 -0.1990* -0.0089 -0.0118 -0.1042 0.0624 0.0923 1.0000 11. 가정화목 0.1206** 0.0339 -0.0299 0.1028 -0.0973 0.0756 -0.1461** 0.0987 -0.0339 -0.1014 1.0000 12. 흡연여부 0.0058 0.0072 -0.0456 -0.1455** -0.0752 -0.1208** -0.0605 -0.0480 0.1580** 0.2929** -0.1181** 1.0000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * : P<0.01 ** : P<0.05 (2) 흡연량은 1일 1-10개피가 52.7%였고, 1갑이상이 27.0%, 11개피에서 한갑을 피우는 경우가 20.3% 였다. 특성별로는 1일 1-10개피는 여자에서 62.2%로, 1일 한갑이상에서는 남자가 29.7%로 높았다. 학년별로는 전학년 모두 1-10개피가 가장 높았고, 용돈이 3만원 이하에서 1일 한갑이상이 36.1%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 학교성적 하위군에서는 1-10개피가 53.9%, 한갑이상이 38.5%로 타군에 비해 높았다. 흡연을 하는 부모를 둔 학생에서 30.8%가 1일 한갑 이상 흡연을 하였고 스트레스가 심하지 않을 때는 흡연을 하지 않았다. (3) 흡연 시작시기는 중학교 재학중이 52.7%로 가장 높았고, 중학교 졸업 후가 27.0%, 중학교 입학전이 20.3%였다. 흡연 시작시기를 각 특성별로 보면 중학교 재학중이 여자에서 62.2%, 1학년에서 72.4%, 한달용돈 5만원 이상에서 66.7%, 학교성적이 상위에서 69.2%, 스트레스가 심한 학생에서 57.8%로 각각 타군 보다 월등히 높았다. 맞벌이 부모와 흡연을 하는 부모를 둔 학생에서 중학교 입학전에 각각 22.6%, 22.7%로 흡연을 시작하여 타군에 비해 다소 높았다. (4) 흡연장소는 놀이터, 공터가 33.8%로 가장 높았고 자기집 17.6%, 비디오방이나 노래방이 17.6%로 같은 순이였다. 특성별로는 놀이터, 공터에서 흡연이 남자에서, 3학년에서, 무교에서, 한달용돈 3-5만원에서, 학교성적이 상위수준에서, 스트레스가 보통에서 각각 타군보다 높았다. 부모가 흡연을 하지 않는 학생들은 자기집에서 흡연이 적었고 놀이터나 공터에서 흡연이 많았다. (5) 흡연동기는 호기심이 39.2%로 가장 높았고 스트레스 해소가 23.3%였다. 특성별로 보면 호기심으로 흡연을 한 경우가 여자에서, 2학년에서, 기독교에서, 초대졸 이상의 아버지를 둔 학생에서, 학교성적이 중간인 학생에서, 맞벌이 부모를 둔 학생에서, 비흡연 부모를 둔 학생에서, 스트레스가 심한 학생에서 각각 타군보다 높았다. (6) 담배를 가장 피우고 싶을 때는 언제 느끼느냐는 흡연유혹에 대한 문항에서 친구의 흡연이 35.1%로, 심리적 갈등이 33.8%로 높았다. 친구의 흡연에 유혹을 받는 경우는 여자에서 48.7%로, 1학년이 51.7%로 타군보다 높았다. 3) 특성별 흡연 관련요인 (1) 금연의지 유무에 있어서는 금연을 하겠다가 81.1%였고, 금연을 안하겠다는 18.9%였다. 성별로 보면 금연을 하겠다는 남자가 86.5%, 여자는 75.7%로 나타났다. 특성별 금연의지는 3학년에서 88.9%, 불교신자에서 93.8%, 한달용돈 5만원에서 91.7%, 학교성적이 하위수준에서 87.0%로 각각 타군보다 높았다. (2) 장래 흡연여부는 안피운다가 79.4%로 가장 높았고, 사회인이 되어서가 4.9%, 대학생일때가 4.5%였다. 성별로 보면 안피운다가 여자에서 85.0%로 가장 높았고, 특성별로 안피운다가 1학년에서 81.9%, 기독교 신자에서 78.6%, 한달 용돈 3-5만원에서 85.9%, 중졸이하의 아버지를 둔 학생에서 83.6%로 각각 타군에 비해 높았다. 흡연을 하지 않는 부모를 둔 학생의 83.3%가 안피우겠다고 응답하였고 스트레스가 심하지 않은 경우는 100%로 절대적으로 높았다. (3) 흡연으로 인한 질병에 대한 지식 조사에서는 폐암이라고 응답한 자가 92.6%로 가장 높았다. 특성별로 보면 폐암이라고 응답한 경우는 남자에서, 2학년에서, 기독교 신자에서, 학교성적이 상위수준에서, 부모가 흡연을 하는 학생에서, 스트레스가 심하지 않은 군에서, 술을 마시는 학생에서 각각 타군 보다 월등히 높았다. (4) 흡연의 건강장해에 대한 정보 습득원은 신문, 잡지가 56.0%로 가장 높았고 학교가 21.8%, T·V나 라디오가 15.5% 순이였다. 특성별로 보면 신문, 잡지가 정보 습득원인 경우는 여자에서, 1학년에서, 기독교 신자에서, 한달용돈이 3-5만원에서, 중졸이하의 아버지를 둔 학생에서, 맞벌이를 하지않는 부모를 둔 학생에서, 담배를 피우지 않는 부모를 둔 학생에서 타군보다 높았다. 학교성적이 상수준에서 학교가 29.2%로 정보 습득원이였으며, P<0.05 수준으로 유의성이 있었다. 4) 성별 흡연실태 (1) 여성흡연에 대한 견해를 질문한 결과 남학생의 경우 「남성과 달리 절대 피워서는 안된다」가 41.5%로 가장 높으며 「남성과 동등하게 피워도 된다」는 23.8%로 였다. 여학생의 경우에는 「잘 모르겠다」가 26.7%로 가장 높고, 「남성과 달리 절대 피워서는 안된다」가 22.7%인 반면 「남성과 동등하게 피워도 된다」는 견해가 20.7%로 나타났다. (2) 담배 구입시 태도에 관한 질문에 구입시 「죄책감을 느낀다」라고 응답한 남학생이 18.9%, 여학생이 13.5%인 반면에 「그냥 그렇다」라고 응답한 남학생이 48.8%, 여학생이 67.6%로 훨씬 높았다. (3) 흡연시 동반자는 여자친구가 32.4%, 남자친구가 28.4%로 친구와 함께가 가장 많았으며, 혼자서가 23.0%이고, 선후배와 함께가 16.3%였다. 5) 성별과 가정화목은 정상관 관계가 있고, 학년과 음주여부 그리고 부모님 맞벌이와 가정화목은 역상관 관계를 보였다. 스트레스 정도와 음주여부는 흡연여부와 정상관 관계가 있고, 한달용돈, 학교성적, 가정화목은 흡연여부와 역상관 관계가 있었다. The following results were obtained from my questionaire that purports to provide basic materials for an educational program 'Quit Smoking' for high school students. The program, if succeeded, would provide an opportunity for students to spend a productive and sound adolescence. The questionaire was circulated and collected among 300 students attending at various high schools in the City of Kumi, Kyungbuk, during March 28th through April 7th of 1998. 1. The characteristics of the students who answered the questionaire are: 50.5% of them are female students; 34.0% freshmen, 33.7% sophomores, and 33.2% seniors; atheists are 47.5%; 43.4% consist of those who have monthly allowance of less than ￦30,000; 47.1% have fathers who are only highschool graduates; 66.3% have parents who are smoking; 75.1% feel stress at school; and 79.5% drink alcohol occasionally. 2. Total smoking percentage among the answerers is 24.9%. Smoking rate for male students is 25.2% while smoking rate for female students is 24.7% and seems increasing. The smoking rate of students whose parents are smoking is higher than that of other groups. And those students group with stressful life, bad grade at school, and drinking habit, has the highest rate of smoking. 3. Among the smokers, 52.7% consume 1-10 cigarettes a day. 27% of them consume more than a pack a day, 20.3% smoke away more than half a pack but less than a pack. And 62% of female smokers are consuming only 1-10 cigarettes whereas 29.7% of male students consume more than one pack a day. 4. 52.7% of smoking students started smoking while they were at middle school, 27.0% started after graduation from middle school, and 20.3% started even before middle school. 5. They choose as their favorite smoking place playground or empty lot with 33.8% of them, and home 17.6%, video-room('videobang') 17.6%, and singing-room('noraebang) 17.6% respectfully. 6. 39.2% of all amokers answered that curiosity is the highest motive to have started smoking, and 23.3% said that they started smoking in order to release their stress. 7. Smoking impulse is most felt when friends are smoking, with the highest rate of 35.1% of all smokers, while 33.8% of them felt a seduction to smoke due to psychological stress. Among those who are easily seduced to smoke because of friend's smoking are 48.7% of all female smokers and 51.7% of all freshmen smokers. 8. 81.1% of smoking students have positive attitude to quit smoking, but 18.9% has no intention to quit. Among the students who answer 'yes' to quit smoking 86.5% are male and 75.7% are female. 9. About future smoking attitude, 79.4% of all questionaire answerers predict that they will not smoke no matter what; 4.5% will when they become college students; and 4.9% will only when they become members of society. 10. With the highest 92.6% rate, many smokers answered that smoking may cause lung cancer. 11. 56% of all smoking students have obtained their knowledge of smoking diseases from newspapers and magazines, 21.8% from school education, and 15.5% from T.V. or radio. 12. About female smoking, 41.5% of male students answered that women should not smoke while 23.8% of them seemed to admit that there should be no difference between sex roles in smoking. Female students replied 'no opinion' with the rate of 26.7% while 20.7% of them insist equality of men and women in smoking. 13. 18.9% of male smokers and 13.5% of female smokers 'feel guilty' when they purchase cigarettes, but 48.8% of male and 67.6% of female smokers 'feel nothing' at purchase. 14. Smoking mate consists of girl friends (32.4%) and boy friends (28.4%). But 23.0% of smokers are simply smoking alone without mates, and 16.3% of them are smoking habitually with their high school seniors or juniors. 15. Stress and alcoholic consumption are causes in a direct proportion to smoking increase, whereas monthly allowance, school grade, and domestic peace induce factors in an inverse proportion to smoking rate.

당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 Thrombin-Antithrombin Ⅲ 및 Plasmin-α_2-Plasmin Inhibitor 복합체의 임상적 의의

김경욱,김은숙,정상수,윤수지,박우일,이준희,남수연,안철우,문병수,김경래,차봉수,송영득,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.5

연구배경:당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 섬유소용해 체계의 이상경향이 있어 그 결과로 여러 혈관합병증의 발생위험이 높다는 사실은 널리 알려져 있다. 그 기전은 아직 확실히 밝혀지지 않았으나, 고혈당으로 인한 혈장 단백질들의 비효소성 당화작용이나 산화성 스트레스로 인한 유리 라티칼 작용으로 응고항진이나 섬유소용해 활성의 저하를 유발하는 것으로 생각되고 있다. 최근 응고 및 용해인자와 그 억제자의 복합체들의 증가가 이 상태를 비교적 예민하게 반영한다고 알려져 있다. 방법:본 연구에서는 당뇨병 환자 101명과 정상 대조군 20명에서 혈장내 thrombin­antithrombin complex(TAT)와 plasmin­α₂­plasmin inhibitor complex(PIC)를 측정하여 비교하고, 당뇨병 환자에서 미세혈관 합병증과 대혈관합병증의 유무에 따른 차이와, 이미 혈관 질환의 위험인자로 알려져 있는 인자들간의 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 결과:1. 환자의 분포를 살펴보면 혈관합병증이 있는 군은 85명, 혈관합병증이 없는 군은 16명이었고, 평균연령은 각각 57.9±14.1세, 49.9±16.6세로 혈관 합병증이 있는 군에서 더 나이가 많았고, 체질량지수는 23.2±3.4㎏/㎡, 24.1±3.4㎏/㎡로 두 군간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또 두 군간의 혈압 및 HbA1c, 공복혈당 및 인슐린과 C­peptide, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL­콜레스테롤, Lp⒜는 유의한 차이가 없었고, 미세혈관합병증이 있는 군에서 당뇨병의 유병기간이 길었다. 2. TAT 및 PIC의 농도는 정상 대조군에서는 2.8±1.2 ng/mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/mL이었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 9.5±22.6 ng/mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/mL이었다. TAT와 PIC 모두 당뇨병 환자군에서 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가되어 있었고(p<0.001), TAT/PIC ratio는 두 군간 차이가 없었다. 3. 당뇨병 환자의 혈관합병증에 따른 TAT 및 PIC, fibrinogen 농도는 합병증이 없는 군은 각각 4.1±2.4ng/mL, 362.2±272.0ng/mL, 322.7±102.4mg/mL으로 PIC와 fibrinogen의 증가를 보였으나, 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 또 대혈관 합병증군에서는 각각 6.0±4.9 ng/mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/dL이었으며 미세·대혈관 합병증군에서는 10.4±6.4 ng/mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/dL으로 TAT의 증가를 보였으나 역시 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 4. 미세혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 PIC 농도가 유의하게 높았고(p=0.049), 대혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 총 콜레스테롤 농도가 유의하게 높았다(p=0.042). 5. 총 당뇨병 환자군에서 PIC는 fibrinogen과 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(r=0.47, 0.31,-0.25), 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.67). 결론:이상의 결과에서 혈장 TAT 및 PIC 농도는 당뇨병 환자에서 정상 대조군에 비해 의미있게 증가되어 있었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 연령의 증가와 유병기간이 혈액응고항진 및 용해의 장애에 큰 역할을 함을 알 수 있었으며, 총 당뇨병 환자군에 PIC와 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 용해의 장애가 동반되어 있다고 볼 수 있으며, 혈장 TAT 및 PIC는 혈관합병증으로의 진행을 예측하는 지표로서 유용하리라 생각된다. 또 혈당조절정도와 상관성이 있으므로 혈당조절후에 추적검사를 시행하여 합병증의 예방이 가능한지 추후 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. Background : Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolystic system is known as a predisposing factor of vascular complication in diabetes. Although the pathogenesis is not well known, non-enzymatic glycation reaction and the increase in production of free radicals due to an increased oxidative stress may be linked to the hypercoagulibility and hypofibrinolytic activity. As indices of abnormality in coagulation and firinolysis in peripheral blood, plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ complex (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were measured. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether hypercoagulability exists in diabetic patients with or without vascular complication. Methods : In our study, we measured plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ compelx (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibit or complex (PIC) in 101 diabetic subjects and 20 controls. Comparing TAT and PIC levels in diabetic microvascular complication group, diabetic macrovascular complication group and controls, we examined correlation between risk factors associated with diabetic vascular complication. Results : 1. The group with diabetic vascular complication was older than group without complication. There was no significant difference in BMI, blood pressure, HbA_ic, blood sugar level, insulin, C-peptide, serum creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, Lp (a) between two groups. The group with diabetic microvascular complication had longer duration of diabetes. 2. Concentration of TAT and PIC were 2.8±1.2 ng/ mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/ mL in controls and 9.5±22.6 ng/ mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/ mL in diabetic patients, respectively. TAT and PIC were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in control (p<0.001). But TAT/PIC ratio was no significant difference between two groups. 3. In diabetic patients, concentration of TAT and PIC and fibrinogen were respectively 4.1±2.4 ng/ mL, 362.2±272.0 ng/ mL, 322.7±102.4 mg/ dL in group without vascular complication and 5.3±4.1 ng/ mL, 529.5±258.7 ng/ mL, 374.9±106.2 mg/ dL in group with microvascular complication, which group had increase in PIC and Fibrinogen but no significance after correction of age. Concentration of TAT and PIC and Fibrinogen were 60.±4.9 ng/ mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/ mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/ dL in macrovascular complication, and 10.4±6.7 mg/ mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/ mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/ dL in combined vascular complication which group showed increase of TAT but also had no significant increase after correction of age. 4. In diabetic microvascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.049) had significant high PIC concentration. In diabetic macrovascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.042) had significant high total cholesterol concentration. 5. In all diabetic patients, PIC was positively correlated with fibrinogen and HbA_1c and negatively correlated BMI (r=0.47, 0.31, -0.25). Only in daibetic patients without angiopathy, TAT was positively correlated with HbA_1c (r=0.67). Conclusion : In this study, plasma TAT and PIC concentration significantly increased in diabetic patients compared with controls, and PIC was increased in group with microvascular complication, TAT were increased in group with combined micro macrovascular complication. However, there was no significance relationship existed when correctinf for age. PIC was correlated with HbA_1c. TAT was correlated with HbA_1c only in the group without angiopathy. Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolysis were combined in diabetes, plasma TAT and PIC can be used as an index of vascular complication. Also we found the correlation with the degree of the blood glucose control. Therefore we need follow up study for the possibility of prevention of vascular complication after controlling the blood glucose to age-matched patients (J Kor Diaabetes Asso 25:354~363, 2001).

Enhanced accumulation of carotenoids in sweetpotato plants overexpressing <i>IbOr-Ins</i> gene in purple-fleshed sweetpotato cultivar

Park, Sung-Chul,Kim, Sun Ha,Park, Seyeon,Lee, Hyeong-Un,Lee, Joon Seol,Park, Woo Sung,Ahn, Mi-Jeong,Kim, Yun-Hee,Jeong, Jae Cheol,Lee, Haeng-Soon,Kwak, Sang-Soo Elsevier 2015 Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Sweetpotato [<I>Ipomoea batatas</I> (L.) Lam] is an important root crop that produces low molecular weight antioxidants such as carotenoids and anthocyanin. The sweetpotato orange (IbOr) protein is involved in the accumulation of carotenoids. To increase the levels of carotenoids in the storage roots of sweetpotato, we generated transgenic sweetpotato plants overexpressing <I>IbOr-Ins</I> under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus (<I>CaMV) 35S</I> promoter in an anthocyanin-rich purple-fleshed cultivar (referred to as <I>IbOr</I> plants). <I>IbOr</I> plants exhibited increased carotenoid levels (up to 7-fold) in their storage roots compared to wild type (WT) plants, as revealed by HPLC analysis. The carotenoid contents of <I>IbOr</I> plants were positively correlated with <I>IbOr</I> transcript levels. The levels of zeaxanthin were ∼12 times elevated in <I>IbOr</I> plants, whereas β-carotene increased ∼1.75 times higher than those of WT. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that most carotenoid biosynthetic pathway genes were up-regulated in the <I>IbOr</I> plants, including <I>PDS</I>, <I>ZDS</I>, <I>LCY-β</I>, <I>CHY-β</I>, <I>ZEP</I> and <I>Pftf</I>, whereas <I>LCY-ɛ</I> was down-regulated. Interestingly, <I>CCD1</I>, <I>CCD4</I> and <I>NCED,</I> which are related to the degradation of carotenoids, were also up-regulated in the <I>IbOr</I> plants. Anthocyanin contents and transcription levels of associated biosynthetic genes seemed to be altered in the <I>IbOr</I> plants. The yields of storage roots and aerial parts of <I>IbOr</I> plants and WT plants were not significantly different under field cultivation. Taken together, these results indicate that overexpression of <I>IbOr-Ins</I> can increase the carotenoid contents of sweetpotato storage roots.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> <I>IbOr-Ins</I> gene was transferred into purple-fleshed sweetpotato. </LI> <LI> Overexpression of <I>IbOr-Ins</I> increased carotenoid contents in storage roots. </LI> <LI> Most carotenoid biosynthetic pathway genes were up-regulated in transgenic plants. </LI> <LI> <I>CCD</I> genes were differentially induced in <I>IbOr</I> transgenic plants. </LI> </UL> </P>

Analysis of intragenic Ds transpositions and excision events generating novel allelic variation in rice.

Park, Soon Ju,Piao, Hai Long,Xuan, Yuan-hu,Park, Sung Han,Je, Byoung Il,Kim, Chul Min,Lee, Eun Jin,Park, Soo Hyun,Ryu, ByeongChan,Lee, Kon Ho,Lee, Gi Hwan,Nam, Min Hee,Yeo, Un Sang,Lee, Myung Chul,Yun Korean Society for Molecular Biology 2006 Molecules and cells Vol.21 No.2

<P>Even though Ac/Ds gene-tagging systems have been established in many higher plants, maize is the only major plant in which short-distance transposition of Ac/Ds has been utilized to probe gene function. This study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of obtaining new alleles and functional revertants from Ds insertion loci in rice. By analyzing 1,580 plants and the progeny of selected lines, the insertion sites and orientations of Ds elements within 16 new heritable alleles of three rice loci were identified and characterized. Intragenic transposition was detected in both directions from the original insertion sites. The closest interval was 35 bp. Three of the alleles had two Ds elements in cis configuration in the same transcription units. We also analyzed the excision footprints of intragenic and extragenic transpositions in Ds-inserted alleles at 5 loci. The 134 footprints obtained from different plants revealed predominant patterns. Ds excision at each locus left a predominant footprint at frequencies of 30-75%. Overall, 66% of the footprints were 7-bp additions. In addition, 16% of the excisions left 0-, 3-, 6-, and 9-bp additions with the potential of conserving reading frame.</P>

Effects of bisphenol A and its analogs bisphenol F and S on life parameters, antioxidant system, and response of defensome in the marine rotifer <i>Brachionus koreanus</i>

Park, Jun Chul,Lee, Min-Chul,Yoon, Deok-Seo,Han, Jeonghoon,Kim, Moonkoo,Hwang, Un-Ki,Jung, Jee-Hyun,Lee, Jae-Seong Elsevier 2018 Aquatic toxicology Vol.199 No.-

<P><B>Abstracts</B></P> <P>To understand the adverse outcome in response to bisphenol A and its analogs bisphenol F and S (BPA, BPF, and BPS), we examined acute toxicity, life parameter, and defensome in the marine rotifer <I>Brachionus koreanus</I>. Among the bisphenol analogs, BPA showed the highest acute toxicity and then BPF and BPS, accordingly in the view of descending magnitude of toxicity. In life parameters including life span and reproduction, BPA, BPF, and BPS were found to cause adverse effect. Both intracellular ROS level and GST activity were significantly increased (<I>P <</I> 0.05) in response to each dosage of bisphenol analogs exposures. In response to bisphenol analogs, defensomes of phase I, II, and III detoxification mechanism demonstrated inverse relationship between the lipophilicity of bisphenol analogs and the expression patterns of defensomes. BPA and BPF were found to have significant modulation (<I>P <</I> 0.05) in the expression of cytochrome P450 (<I>CYP</I>) and <I>GST</I> genes. In phase III, BPS with comparatively lower lipophilicity demonstrated highly diversified expressional pattern, suggesting that BPS is likely caused less toxicity compared to BPA and BPF. In this study, via phase I, II, and III detoxification mechanism, bisphenol A and its analogs F and S demonstrated specific detoxification mechanism in rotifer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> BPA showed the highest acute toxicity and then BPF and BPS. </LI> <LI> BPA, BPF, and BPS were found to cause adverse effect in life parameters. </LI> <LI> Both intracellular ROS level and GST activity were significantly increased upon bisphenol analogs exposure. </LI> <LI> Expression of defensomes showed inverse relationship between the lipophilicity of bisphenol analogs in response to bisphenol analogs. </LI> <LI> BPA and BPF were found to have significant modulation in the expression of CYP and GST genes. </LI> </UL> </P>

Reformtendenz des koreanischen Strafrechts

( Chul Un Park ) 한독법률학회 1985 한독법학 Vol.- No.5

Bilateral Retinal Dysplasia and Secondary Glaucoma Associated with Homozygous Protein C Deficiency

( Un Chul Park ),( Ho Kyung Choung ),( Seong Joon Kim ),( Young Suk Yu ) 대한안과학회 2005 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.19 No.2

Purpose: Protein C deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder, which predisposes the patient to potentially blinding and widespread lethal thromboembolic complications, especially in the homozygous type. We here report the first Korean case of ophthalmic involvement and its surgical treatment in homozygous protein C deficiency. Methods: A 3.4kg, full term girl was born by normal delivery but showed bilateral leukocoria on day 2. Laboratory results disclosed a very low protein C activity level (10%) in the patient and moderately decreased levels in the other family members. Ophthalmic examination showed bilateral corneal opacity and shallow anterior chamber. B-scan ultrasonography which showed intravitreal mass lesions without microphthalmos and a funnel-shaped retinal detachment suggested bilateral retinal dysplasia. Results: As the eyes were under progression of secondary glaucoma, bilateral lensectomies were performed at 2 months old and corneal opacity was regressed to some degree. However, at 14 months old, the left eye showed moderate corneal opacity with a band keratopathy. Conclusions: Although visual outcome was very poor after surgery, we could impede or slow down the progression of secondary glaucoma and save the eyeballs in the infant with homozygous protein C deficiency.