반응성 스퍼터링으로 제작된 Si_xO_y-Si_xN_y 적층구조의 반사방지 코팅 응용

김창조,이붕주,신백균,Gim, Tzang-Jo,Lee, Boong-Joo,Shina, Paik-Kyun 한국진공학회 2010 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.19 No.5

본 논문에서는 반응성 스퍼터링(Reactive Sputtering) 공정으로 $Si_xO_y$ 박막과 $Si_xN_y$ 박막을 4층 구조로 적층하고 400~700 [nm]의 가시광 영역에서 빛의 반사를 줄이기 위한 반사방지 코팅(Anti-Reflection Coating)으로의 응용 가능성을 조사하였다. 스퍼터링 타겟으로 6 [inch] 직경의 Si 단결정을 사용하였고, 반응성 스퍼터링 가스는 $Si_xO_y$ 박막 증착에서 Ar과 $O_2$를, $Si_xN_y$ 박막 증착에서는 Ar과 $N_2$를 사용하였으며, 스퍼터링 파워로는 DC pulse를 사용하였다. 1,900 [W] DC pulse power에서 Ar:$O_2$=70:13 [sccm]의 반응성 스퍼터링으로 2.3 [nm/sec]의 증착률과 1.50의 굴절률을 보이는 $Si_xO_y$ 박막을 제작하였고, Ar:$N_2$=70:15 [sccm]의 반응성 스퍼터링으로 1.8 [nm/sec]의 증착률과 1.94의 굴절률을 보이는 $Si_xN_y$ 박막을 제작하였다. 이 두 종류의 박막을 이용해서 시뮬레이션을 통해 4층 구조의 반사방지 코팅 구조를 설계한 후, 설계결과에 따라 각 박막의 두께를 순차적으로 변화시켜 증착하였다. 4층 구조 $Si_xO_y-Si_xN_y$의 반사도 측정 결과 550 [nm] 대역에서 1.7 [%]의 반사와 400 [nm]와 650 [nm] 영역에서 1 [%]의 반사를 보였으며, 가시광 영역에서 성공적인 "W" 형태의 반사방지 코팅 특성을 보였다. In this paper, anti-reflection coating was investigated for decreasing the reflection in visible range of 400~650 [nm] through four staked layers of $Si_xO_y$ and $Si_xN_y$ thin films prepared by reactive sputtering method. Si single crystal of 6 [inch] diameter was used as a sputtering target. Ar and $O_2$ gases were used as sputtering gases for reactive sputtering for the $Si_xO_y$ thin film, and Ar and $N_2$ gases were used for reactive sputtering for the $Si_xN_y$ thin film. DC pulse power of 1900 [W] was used for the reactive sputtering. Refractive index and deposition rate were 1.50 and 2.3 [nm/sec] for the $Si_xO_y$, and 1.94 and 1.8 [nm/sec] for the $Si_xN_y$ thin film, respectively. Considering the simulation of the four layer anti-reflection coating structure with the above mentioned films, the $Si_xO_y-Si_xN_y$ stacked four-layer structure was prepared. The reflection measurement result for that structure showed that a "W" shaped anti-reflection was obtained successfully with a reflection of 1.7 [%] at 550 [nm] region and a reflection of 1 [%] at 400~650 [nm] range.

Augmentation of Thermotolerance in Primary Skin Fibroblasts from a Transgenic Pig Overexpressing the Porcine HSP70.2

Chen, Ming-Yu,Tu, Ching-Fu,Huang, San-Yuan,Lin, Jyh-Hung,Tzang, Bor-Show,Hseu, Tzong-Hsiung,Lee, Wen-Chuan Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.1

A high environmental temperature affects the economic performance of pigs. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has been reported to participate importantly in thermotolerance. This study aims to produce transgenic pigs overexpressing porcine HSP70.2, the highly inducible one of HSP70 members, and to prove the cellular thermotolerance in the primary fibroblasts from the transgenics. A recombinant plasmid in which the sequence that encodes the porcine HSP70.2 gene is fused to green fluorescence protein (GFP) was constructed under the control of cytomegalovirus (CMV) enhancer and promoter. Two transgenic pigs were produced by microinjecting pCMV-HSP70-GFP DNA into the pronucleus of fertilized eggs. Immunoblot assay revealed the varied overexpression level (6.4% and 1.4%) of HSP70-GFP in transgenic pigs. After heating at $45^{\circ}C$ for 3 h, the survival rate (78.1%) of the primary fibroblast cells from the highly expressing transgenic pig exceeded that from the non-transgenic pig (62.9%). This result showed that primary fibroblasts overexpressing HSP70-GFP confer cell thermotolerance. We suggest that transgenic pigs overexpressing HSP70 might improve their thermotolerance in summer and therefore reduce the economic loss in animal production.

A Pilot Study: Association between Minor Physical Anomalies in Childhood and Future Mental Problems

Helen Cheng,ChengChen Chang,YueCune Chang,WenKuei Lee,RuuFen Tzang 대한신경정신의학회 2014 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.11 No.3

Objective-This study aims to investigate association between early recognizable minor physical abnormality (MPA) during childhood is associated with mental health problems in young adults. Methods-In 1984, 169 preschool children in central Taiwan underwent a detailed physical examination for subtle abnormalities (MPA). Fourteen years later, the Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS) and Chinese Health Questionnaire (CHQ) were used to measure specific psychiatric symptoms. Results-There is an association between MPA during childhood and adult characterized with interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, depression and paranoid mental health symptoms. Conclusion-The signs of childhood MPA can be easily identified and should be regarded as risk factors when predicting mental disorder. Mental health professionals should consider MPAs as important signs for possible development of emotional problems.

The Root Extract of Gentiana macrophylla Pall. Alleviates B19-NS1-Exacerbated Liver Injuries in NZB/W F1 Mice

Ming-Jen Sheu,Chun-Ching Chiu,Deng-Jye Yang,Tsai-Ching Hsu,Bor-Show Tzang 한국식품영양과학회 2017 Journal of medicinal food Vol.20 No.1

The nonstructural protein NS1 of human parvovirus B19 (B19) is known to exacerbate disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, no specific medicine for B19 infection is available. The roots of Gentiana macrophylla Pall. (GM), the traditional Chinese medicine “Qinjiao,” have been used for centuries to treat rheumatic disease, including SLE. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effects of GM root extract (100 and 300 mg/kg body weight) on B19-NS1-exacerbated liver injury in NZB/W F1 mice; liver tissues were assessed by hematoxylin–eosin staining and immunoblotting. The GM root extract significantly decreased B19-NS1-exacerbated liver inflammation by suppressing the expressions of hepatic inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase type 2 (COX-2), interleukin (IL)-1β proteins, values of serum asparate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), and lymphocyte infiltration (P < .05). It also significantly reduced the B19-NS1-exacerbated hepatic matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) expressions by downregulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/NF-κB (p65) signaling. These findings suggest a therapeutic potential of GM root extract against B19-NS1-exacerbated liver inflammation in SLE.

Taurine Attenuates Hepatic Inflammation in Chronic Alcohol-Fed Rats Through Inhibition of TLR4/MyD88 Signaling

Chao-Jen Lin,Chun-Ching Chiu,Yi-Chen Chen,Mu-Lin Chen,Tsai-Ching Hsu,Bor-Show Tzang 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.12

Accumulating evidence indicates that overconsumption of ethanol contributes in many ways to the pathogenesis of hepatic injury. Although studies indicate that taurine decreases lipogenesis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokines, the protective effect of taurine against alcohol-induced liver injury is still unclear. To clarify the precise signaling involved in the beneficial effect of taurine on alcohol-induced liver injury, rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups: (1) control (Ctl), (2) alcohol (Alc), (3) Alc + taurine (Tau), and (4) Alc + silymarin (Sil). The Tau and Sil groups had lower lymphocyte infiltration and significantly lower TLR-4/MyD88 and IκB/NFκB compared to the Alc group. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factors (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β were also significantly lower in the Tau and Sil groups than in the Alc group. The experimental results indicated that hepatoprotection against alcohol-induced inflammation may be mediated by decreased TLR-4/MyD88 signaling.

The Beneficial Effects of Raffinee in Permanent Occulted Stroke Mice

Chun-Ching Chiu,Jer-Min Lin,Li-Yi Wu,Tsai-Ching Hsu,Bor-Show Tzang 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.12

Ischemic stroke is a major cause of disability and mortality globally. Although thrombolytic therapy is routinely adopted in cases of ischemic stroke, various alternative natural neuroprotectants are also used as effective adjuvant therapies to recover neurofunction following ischemic stroke. Raffinee, a natural fermented product with strong antioxidant and neuroprotective activities, has antiatherogenic effects in animals and has exhibited neuroprotective effects in a clinical trial by recovering motor and sensory function following spinal cord lesion. This study reveals the advantageous effects of Raffinee on PC12 cells by decreasing hypoxia-induced apoptosis in mice with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) by increasing the levels of neurotrophic factors such as S100β, reducing serum inflammatory factors such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9/MMP-2 ratio, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 level, and increasing IL-10 levels. Significantly reduced brain infarct volume along with a favorable survival ratio was observed for pMCAO mice that received Raffinee, suggesting a neuroprotective potential of Raffinee in cases of acute ischemic stroke by suppressing apoptosis.

Lactoferrin Increases Antioxidant Activities and Ameliorates Hepatic Fibrosis in Lupus-Prone Mice Fed with a High-Cholesterol Diet

Hung-An Chen,Chun-Ching Chiu,Chih-Yang Huang,Li-Jeng Chen,Chun-Chou Tsai,Tsai-Ching Hsu,Bor-Show Tzang 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.7

Lactoferrin (LF) has beneficial effects against various diseases. However, the effects of LF on liver fibrosis in systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are unknown. In this study, NZB/W F1 mice were utilized to investigate the effects of LF on SLE. Experiments reveal that LF significantly increases glutathione and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl levels and significantly decreased malondialdehyde levels in both serum and liver in NZB/W F1 mice. LF also lowered matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity and liver inflammatory indices, such as aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Notably, significantly decreased expression of fibrotic related molecules, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and TGF-β1 receptor, were observed in the livers of NZB/W F1 mice that had been treated with LF. Significantly, suppressed Smad2/3 signaling, α-smooth muscle actin, and collagen deposition were also detected. These findings reveal that LF has beneficial effects on SLE by increasing antioxidant activities and ameliorating liver inflammation and fibrosis, suggesting the therapeutic effectiveness of LF against SLE.