Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study of Lipid levels and Ischemic Heart Disease

Su Hyun Lee,Ji Young Lee,Guen hui Kim,Keum Ji Jung,Sunmi Lee,Hyeon Chang Kim,Sun Ha Jee 대한심장학회 2020 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.50 No.10

Background and Objectives: Associations between blood lipids and risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) have been reported in observational studies. However, due to confounding and reverse causation, observational studies are influenced by bias, thus their results show inconsistency in the effects of lipid levels on IHD. In this study, we evaluate whether lipid levels have an effect on the risk of IHD in a Korean population. Methods: A 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study, using the genetic variants associated with lipid levels as the instrumental variables was performed. Genetic variants significantly associated with lipid concentrations were obtained from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (n=35,000), and the same variants on IHD were obtained from the Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (n=13,855). Inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger approaches were used to assess the causal association between lipid levels and IHD. Radial MR methods were applied to remove outliers subject to pleiotropic bias. Results: Causal association between low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and IHD was observed in the IVW method (odds ratio, 1.013; 95% confidence interval, 1.007–1.109). However, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) did not show causal association with IHD. In the Radial MR analysis of the relationship between HDL-C, TG and IHD, outliers were detected. Interestingly, after removing the outliers, a causal association between TG and IHD was found. Conclusions: High levels LDL-C and TG were causally associated with increased IHD risk in a Korean population, these results are potentially useful as evidence of a significant causal relationship.

Synthesis and Characterization of Phthalocyaninatometal (PcM, M=Fe²+, Co²+) Complexes with Monodentate Aromatic Isocyanide Ligands

Song, Su-Ho,Park, Chan-Jo,Jee, Jong-Gi,Lim, Youn-Mook,,Yang, Hyun-Soo,Ryu, Haiil,Park, Ha-Sun 공주대학교 자원재활용 신소재 연구센터 1999 1차년도 센터 성과집 Vol.1999 No.-

Metallophthocyanines [PcM, Pc : phthalocyanine, M : Fe²+, Co²+] were reacted with α-isocyanonaphthalene (α-in) and α-isocyanoanthracene(α-ia) to form monomeric complexes. The synthesis and coordinatio behaviour of the isocyanides as a ligand(L) are discussed. All the products were characterized by spectroscopic methods and instrumental analyuted to the metal-ligand electron delocalization in the PcML₂ complexes. The complexes have an evlarged macrocycle where the π-electrical back donating ability of PcM is stronger than the σ-electron soordinating ability of the isonitrile ligands. Their electrical conductivities were measured as σRT=2.1×10-9~3×10-10S/cm. Also thermal stability was investigated in this study.

The risk of psychiatric disorders among patients with psoriasis in Korea: a 12-year nationwide population-based cohort study

( Jongwook Oh ),( Su Jin Park ),( Tae-gyun Kim ),( Jooeun Jeon ),( Keum Ji Jung ),( Hae Won Kim ),( Sun Ha Jee ),( Min-geol Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease with a high impact on self-esteem and patients’ health related quality of life. Objectives: The association between psoriasis and risk of psychiatric disorders has not been thoroughly evaluated in a large longitudinal cohort of Asian population Methods: We conducted a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study encompassing more than 1.6 million Koreans with a 12-year follow-up period. Patients were considered in the psoriasis cohort if they had an incident diagnostic code for psoriasis and included patients were followed up until they developed any psychiatric disease Results: In adjusted models, psoriasis patients (n = 10,868) were at a 18% increased risk for depression (hazard ratio [HR] 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.26), 16% for anxiety disorders (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.08-1.26), and 21% for somatoform disorders (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.08-1.34) compared with the referent cohort (n = 1,620,055). Patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis had a higher risk of developing depression and somatoform disorders than patient with mild disease (depression, HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.07-1.54 vs HR 1.17 95% CI 1.07-1.27; somatoform disorders, HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.26-2.03 vs HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.00-1.28). Conclusion: Our results highlight the burden of psychiatric diseases in patient with psoriasis in Korea and suggest that appropriate medical support for possible mental illness is warranted in Asian psoriatic patients.

Medical expenditure of National Health Insurance attributable to smoking among the Korean population

Sang-Yi Lee,Sun Ha Jee,Ji Eun Yun,Su-Young Kim,Jakyung Lee,Jonathan M Samet,Il Soon Kim 대한예방의학회 2007 예방의학회지 Vol.40 No.3

Body concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and prostate cancer: a meta-analysis.

Lim, Jung-eun,Park, Su Hyun,Jee, Sun Ha,Park, Hyesook Ecomed 2015 Environmental Science and Pollution Research Vol.22 No.15

<P>There have been some concerns that persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may be associated with the risk of prostate cancer. Meta-analyses have not yet investigated the association between human-biomonitoring data for POPs and prostate cancer risk. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between body concentration of individual compounds or mixtures of POPs and prostate cancer risk in the general population by performing a meta-analysis. A literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and KoreaMed from the period 1950 through 2014. The odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) of prostate cancer associated with POPs were estimated using fixed-effects model or random-effects model where appropriate. Dose-response relationships were assessed by using the generalized least-squares method for trend estimation. A total of eight (six case-control, one cross-sectional, one nested case-control) studies including 1158 prostate cancer cases among 6932 subjects were selected for the meta-analysis. Total POPs of interest showed positive associations with statistical significance on prostate cancer (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.13, 1.57). In dose-response meta-analysis, 1 μg/g lipid of PCBs was found to be associated with a 49% increased risk of prostate cancer (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.07, 2.06). One nanogram per gram (1000 μg/g) lipid of trans-nonachlor was found to be associated with approximately 2% increased risk of prostate cancer (OR?=?1.02/1 ng/g lipid of trans-nonachlor, 95% CI 1.00, 1.03). The available evidence suggests that body concentrations of POPs are positively associated with prostate cancer risk, which implies valuable evidence for prostate cancer prevention.</P>

Dietary fat-associated osteoarthritic chondrocytes gain resistance to lipotoxicity through PKCK2/STAMP2/FSP27

Lee, Sung Won,Rho, Jee Hyun,Lee, Sang Yeob,Chung, Won Tae,Oh, Yoo Jin,Kim, Jung Ha,Yoo, Seung Hee,Kwon, Woo Young,Bae, Ju Yong,Seo, Su Young,Sun, Hokeun,Kim, Hye Young,Yoo, Young Hyun Nature Publishing Group UK 2018 Bone research. Vol.6 No.-

<▼1><P>Free fatty acids (FFAs), which are elevated with metabolic syndrome, are considered the principal offender exerting lipotoxicity. Few previous studies have reported a causal relationship between FFAs and osteoarthritis pathogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism by which FFAs exert lipotoxicity and induce osteoarthritis remains largely unknown. We here observed that oleate at the usual clinical range does not exert lipotoxicity while oleate at high pathological ranges exerted lipotoxicity through apoptosis in articular chondrocytes. By investigating the differential effect of oleate at toxic and nontoxic concentrations, we revealed that lipid droplet (LD) accumulation confers articular chondrocytes, the resistance to lipotoxicity. Using high fat diet-induced osteoarthritis models and articular chondrocytes treated with oleate alone or oleate plus palmitate, we demonstrated that articular chondrocytes gain resistance to lipotoxicity through protein kinase casein kinase 2 (PKCK2)—six-transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (STAMP2)—and fat-specific protein 27 (FSP27)-mediated LD accumulation. We further observed that the exertion of FFAs-induced lipotoxicity was correlated with the increased concentration of cellular FFAs freed from LDs, whether FFAs are saturated or not. In conclusion, PKCK2/STAMP2/FSP27-mediated sequestration of FFAs in LD rescues osteoarthritic chondrocytes. PKCK2/STAMP2/FSP27 should be considered for interventions against metabolic OA.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Oil droplets protect cartilage from toxic fatty acids</B></P><P>Cartilage tissue deals with the stress of exposure to free fatty acids by sequestering the toxic molecules into sub-cellular oil droplets. Young Hyun Yoo from Dong-A University College of Medicine in Busan, South Korea, and coworkers exposed rat cartilage cells to increasing levels of a fatty acid called oleate, a by-product of fat metabolism, and observed that the accumulation of oil droplets conferred resistance to oleate-induced toxicity. In these rat cells and in experiments involving mouse models of osteoarthritis fed a high-fat diet, the researchers then identified three of the protective proteins needed for cartilage tissue to properly quarantine fatty acids into oil droplets. Those proteins — and their connected regulatory networks — could now serve as drug targets for treating metabolic syndrome-associated osteoarthritis.</P></▼2>

국민 건강증진법 시행이 초등학생들의 담배광고인식에 미치는 영향

이규영,이수정,김일순,지선하 연세대학교 간호정책연구소 1999 간호학탐구 Vol.8 No.1

Medical Expenditure of National Health Insurance Attributable to Smoking among the Korean Population

Lee, Sang-Yi,Jee, Sun-Ha,Yun, Ji-Eun,Kim, Su-Young,Lee, Ja-Kyung,Samet, Jonathan M.,Kim, Il-Soon The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2007 예방의학회지 Vol.40 No.3

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to determine the population-attributable risk (PAR) and estimate the total medical expenditure of the Korean National Health Insurance (KNHI) due to smoking. Methods : We used data from the Korean Cancer Prevention Study of 1,178,138 Koreans aged 30 to 95. These data were available from 1992 to 2003 and covered a long-term follow-up period among the Korean population. Results : The total medical expenditure of KNHI related to smoking increased by 27% from $324.9 million in 1999 to $413.7 million in 2003. By specific diseases, smoking-attributable KNHI medical expenditure was the highest for lung cancer ($74.2 million), followed by stroke ($65.3 million), COPD ($50.1 million), CHO ($49 million) and stomach cancer ($30 million). A total of 1.3 million KNHI patients were suffering from smoking-related diseases in 2003. We predicted rises in total KNHI medical expenditure related to smoking to $675.1 million (63% increase compared with that of 2003) and in the total number of KNHI patients suffering from smoking-related diseases to about 2.6million (an approximate 100% increase compared with those in 2003) in 2015. Conclusions : We found a substantial economic burden related to the high smoking prevalence in South Korea.

Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Patients with Prostate Cancer is Associated with the Risk of Subsequent Alzheimer's Disease but Not with Vascular Dementia

Kim Jong Won,Kim Do Kyung,Lee Hye Sun,Park Ju-Young,Ahn Hyun Kyu,Ha Jee Soo,Lee Dongu,Cho Kang Su 대한남성과학회 2022 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.40 No.3

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the association between androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and the risk of dementia according to subtypes of dementia in men with prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: We performed a nationwide population-based cohort study using the nationwide claims database in Korea. A total of 195,308 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer were identified between January 2008 and December 2017, and 132,700 men were selected for analysis after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients were divided into ADT and non-ADT groups. To adjust for imbalances in relevant comorbidities between the groups, exact matching was performed. Study events included newly developed Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, and overall dementia. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used. Results: After exact matching, 44,854 men with prostate cancer were selected for the main analysis. In age-adjusted Cox regression analysis, the ADT group was significantly associated with increased risks for overall dementia (hazard ratio [HR], 1.070; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.009–1.134; p=0.0232) and Alzheimer’s disease (HR, 1.086; 95% CI, 1.018–1.160; p=0.0127), compared to the non-ADT group. No difference in vascular dementia risk was observed between the two groups (HR, 0.990; 95% CI, 0.870–1.126; p=0.8792). Conclusions: The risk of overall dementia increased in men who received ADT. According to dementia subtypes, ADT was associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease, but not with vascular dementia.

Cancer risk based on alcohol consumption levels: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Seunghee Jun(Seunghee Jun),Hyunjin Park(Hyunjin Park),Ui-Jeong Kim(Ui-Jeong Kim),Eun Jeong Choi(Eun Jeong Choi),Hye Ah Lee(Hye Ah Lee),Bomi Park(Bomi Park),Soon Young Lee(Soon Young Lee),Sun Ha Jee(Su 한국역학회 2023 Epidemiology and Health Vol.45 No.-

OBJECTIVES: Alcohol consumption is a well-established risk factor for cancer. Despite extensive research into the relationship between alcohol consumption and cancer risk, the effect of light alcohol consumption on cancer risk remains a topic of debate. To contribute to this discourse, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: Our systematic review aimed to investigate the associations between different levels of alcohol consumption and the risk of several cancer types. We focused on analyzing prospective associations using data from 139 cohort studies. Among them, 106 studies were included in the meta-analysis after a quantitative synthesis. RESULTS: Our analysis did not find a significant association between light alcohol consumption and all-cause cancer risk (relative risk, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.99 to 1.04), but we observed a dose-response relationship. Light alcohol consumption was significantly associated with higher risks of esophageal, colorectal, and breast cancers. Light to moderate drinking was associated with elevated risks of esophageal, colorectal, laryngeal, and breast cancers. Heavy drinking was also found to contribute to the risk of stomach, liver, pancreas, and prostate cancers, thereby increasing the risk of almost all types of cancer. Additionally, females generally had lower cancer risks compared to males. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight that cancer risks extend beyond heavy alcohol consumption to include light alcohol consumption as well. These findings suggest that there is no safe level of alcohol consumption associated with cancer risk. Our results underscore the importance of public health interventions addressing alcohol consumption to mitigate cancer risks.