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알레르기 ; 알레르기 환자에서 한방 이외의 대체 요법의 사용 현황에 대한 다기관 조사
이현정 ( Hyun Jung Lee ),이재현 ( Jae Hyun Lee ),이용원 ( Yong Won Lee ),김철우 ( Cheol Woo Kim ),동헌종 ( Hun Jong Dhong ),박해심 ( Hae Sim Park ),조영주 ( Young Joo Cho ),조진희 ( Jin Hee Cho ),조상헌 ( Sang Heon Cho ),편복양 ( 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회지 Vol.80 No.1
목적: 한국에서 알레르기 질환 치료를 위한 한방 치료뿐만 아니라 대체 요법이 많이 이용되고 있으며, 그 현황에 대하여 다기관 조사를 시행하였다. 방법: 10개의 대학병원 외래로 내원한 647명의 알레르기 환자를 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하였으며, 이 중 510명이 한방 이외의 대체 요법에 응답하였다. 이환되어 있는 알레르기 질환은 천식(50.0%), 알레르기 비염(36.0%), 아토피 피부염(36.0%), 그리고 두드러기(9.3%)였다. 각각 환자들에게 12 문항의 설문조사를 시행하였으며, 한방 이외의 대체 요법의 사용 빈도 및 종류, 대체 요법에 의지하게 된 이유, 비용, 그리고 치료효과에 대한 의견을 물어 보았다. 결과: 16.7%의 알레르기 환자에서 한방 이외의 다른 대체 요법을 받았으며, 평균 1.6종의 한방 이외의 대체 요법을 받았다. 가장 많이 의지하는 대체 요법은 민간 식이요법 (48.6%)이었고, 그 다음이 아로마 요법(23.8%), 지압(14.3%), 건강 호흡법(7.6%), 마인드 컨트롤(5.7%), 목욕요법(5.7%) 순이었다. 대체 요법을 받은 환자 중 마인드 컨트롤(50%), 식이요법(50%), 그리고 건강 호흡법(75%)의 경우 치료 효과가 만족스럽다는 응답이 높았으며, 목욕요법, 아로마 요법, 그리고 지압은 만족도가 각각 33.3%, 28.0%, 26.7%로 저조하였다. 대체 요법 사용자의 63.6%가 5회 미만의 대체 요법을 받았고, 91.8%가 1년 이내로 치료받았으며, 1인당 평균 연 37 만원을 지출하였다. 대체 요법을 선택한 가장 큰 이유는 체질이 개선될 수 있을까 해서(44.2%)였으며, 대체 요법이 몸에 부담이 없어서(31.4%), 면역기능이 강화되어서(22.9%) 순으로 나타났고, 15.7%는 양약치료가 도움이 되지 않아서 대체 요법을 선택하였다고 응답하였다. 결론: 한국에서 알레르기 환자의 상당수가 한방뿐만 아니라 여러 가지의 대체 요법을 사용하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 대체 요법의 사용 빈도가 증가하고 그 종류가 다양함을 고려할 때, 의료진은 대체 요법의 현황에 대하여 정확히 인지하고 이에 대해 관심을 가지고 환자를 대하여야 하며 올바른 알레르기 질환 치료법에 대해 환자뿐만 아니라 의료인에게 교육하는 것이 필요하다. Background/Aims: The use of unproven complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) to treat allergies is popular in Korea. We conducted a multicenter survey of the current use of CAM other than herbal medication in Korean allergy patients. Methods: This study enrolled 510 adults with allergic diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and chronic urticaria, from ten hospitals. They underwent a structured questionnaire interview and clinical assessment of the prevalence, motivation, costs, and subjective assessment of CAM. Results: Of the patients, 16.7% used at least one type of CAM to treat their allergic diseases. Common types of CAM were diet (48.6%), aroma therapy (23.8%), massage (14.3%), breathing exercises (7.6%), baths (5.7%), and mind control (5.7%). The therapeutic effects of CAM included improved in patients using mind control (50%), diet (50%), breathing exercises (75%), and baths (33.3%), but worse in patients using aroma therapy (28%), and massage (26.7%). About 36.4% of the patients used CAM more than four times per year, and the average cost per CAM user was 370,000 won/year. The main reason for trying CAM was `hope to improve my constitution`. Conclusions: CAM is used widely for treating allergic diseases in Korea. Detailed knowledge of CAM and patient education are important. Further studies of the clinical efficacy of CAM are needed. (Korean J Med 2011;80:68-77)
60 Hz 자기장이 예쁜꼬마선충의 생식에 미치는 영향 연구
박병재,장혜진,김희성,강희은,심례림,최유미,김윤명,김남,김윤원,Park, Byeong-Jae,Jang, Hye-Jin,Kim, Hui-Seong,Gang, Hui-Eun,Sim, Rye-Rim,Choe, Yu-Mi,Kim, Yun-Myeong,Kim, Nam,Kim, Yun-Won 한국전자파학회 2010 전자파기술 Vol.21 No.5
60 Hz 자기장에서 예쁜꼬마선충(C. elegans)의 발생 및 생식에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 자기장 노출 조건은 $0{\sim}500\;{\mu}T$이며, 실험 온도는 선충의 일반적 배양 온도 범위($2 1.2{\pm}0.6^{\circ}C$)에서 일정하게 유지하였으며, 노출은 선충의 배양 기간 동안 지속되었다. C. elegas 야생형 N2 및 스트레스에 민감한 hsf-1와 crt-1 등의 돌연변이체들에서 실험에 사용한 노출 조건에 따른 생식력의 차이는 없었다. 여러 세대에 걸쳐 자기장에 노출한 경우에도 자기장에 의한 생식력의 변화는 없었다. 결론적으로, C. elegans는 크기가 매우 작으므로(길이 약 1 mm) 유도전류가 적게 발생하여, 자기장($-500\;{\mu}T$)에 의한 영향이 없는 것으로 사려된다.
SANS Studies on the Formation of PANI Nanoparticles in the Reverse Micelles
Sim, Jae-Hyun,Kim, Myung-woong,Park, Sang-wook,Bang, Jeong-Hwa,Sohn, Dae-won Korean Chemical Society 2006 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.27 No.2
The formation of polyaniline (PANI) in the reverse micelles of poly(oxyethylene) nonylphenyl ether, $(NP5, H(CH_2)_9Ph(OC_2H_4)_5OH)$, was investigated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The reverse micellar solution containing initiators in the inner part of reverse micelle was prepared with surfactant (NP5), water, cyclohexane and an initiator (ammonium persulfate (APS)). The core-shell sphere model containing smearing effect reveals that the polymerization occurs on the shell layer of the reverse micelles. Shell thickness averages varied from 48 $\AA$ to 109 $\AA$ with increases of monomer concentration.
Jae Kyeom Sim,Sang-Min Lee,Hyung Koo Kang,Kyung Chan Kim,김영삼,김윤성,리원연,Sunghoon Park,So Young Park,박주희,Yun Su Sim,이광하,이연주,Jin Hwa Lee,Heung Bum Lee,Chae-Man Lim,Won-Il Choi,Ji Young Hong,Won Jun Song,Ge 대한내과학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.37 No.3
Background/Aims: There are few studies describing contemporary status of mechanical ventilation in Korea. We investigated changes in management and outcome of mechanical ventilation in Korea. Methods: International, prospective observational cohort studies have been conducted every 6 years since 1998. Korean intensive care units (ICUs) participated in 2010 and 2016 cohorts. We compared 2016 and 2010 Korean data. Results: Two hundred and twenty-six patients from 18 ICUs and 275 patients from 12 ICUs enrolled in 2016 and 2010, respectively. In 2016 compared to 2010, use of non-invasive ventilation outside ICU increased (10.2% vs. 2.5%, p = 0.001). Pressure-control ventilation was the most common mode in both groups. Initial tidal volume (7.1 mL/kg vs. 7.4 mL/kg, p = 0.372) and positive end-expiratory pressure (6 cmH2O vs. 6 cmH2O, p = 0.141) were similar, but peak pressure (22 cmH2O vs. 24 cmH2O, p = 0.011) was lower in 2016. More patients received sedatives (70.7% vs. 57.0%, p = 0.002) and analgesics (86.5% vs. 51.1%, p < 0.001) in 2016. The awakening (48.4% vs. 31.0%, p = 0.002) was more frequently attempted in 2016. The accidental extubation rate decreased to one tenth of what it was in 2010 (1.1% vs. 10.2%, p < 0.001). The ICU mortality did not change (31.4% vs. 35.6%, p = 0.343) but ICU length of stay showed a decreasing trend (9 days vs. 10 days, p = 0.054) in 2016. Conclusions: There were temporal changes in care of patients on mechanical ventilation including better control of pain and agitation, and active attempt of awakening.
Spirometry and Bronchodilator Test
Sim, Yun Su,Lee, Ji-Hyun,Lee, Won-Yeon,Suh, Dong In,Oh, Yeon-Mok,Yoon, Jong-seo,Lee, Jin Hwa,Cho, Jae Hwa,Kwon, Cheol Seok,Chang, Jung Hyun The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2017 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.80 No.2
Spirometry is a physiological test for assessing the functional aspect of the lungs using an objective indicator to measure the maximum amount of air that a patient can inhale and exhale. Acceptable spirometry testing needs to be conducted three times by an acceptable and reproducible method for determining forced vital capacity (FVC). Until the results of three tests meet the criteria of reproducibility, the test should be repeated up to eight times. Interpretation of spirometry should be clear, concise, and informative. Additionally, spirometry should guarantee optimal quality prior to the interpreting spirometry results. Our guideline adopts a fixed normal predictive value instead of the lower limit of normal as the reference value because fixed value is more convenient and also accepts FVC instead of vital capacity (VC) because measurement of VC using a spirometer is impossible. The bronchodilator test is a method for measuring the changes in lung capacity after inhaling a short-acting ${\beta}-agonist$ that dilates the airway. When an obstructive ventilatory defect is observed, this test helps to diagnose and evaluate asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by measuring reversibility with the use of an inhaled bronchodilator. A positive response to a bronchodilator is generally defined as an increase of ${\geq}12%$ and ${\geq}200mL$ as an absolute value compared with a baseline in either forced expiratory volume at 1 second or FVC.
Performance Analysis of an Industrial Inkjet Printing Head Using the 1D Lumped Model
Sim, Won-Chul,Park, Sung-Jun,Joung, Jae-Woo Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2008 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.2
A design approach using a one-dimensional (1D) lumped model was studied and applied to an industrial inkjet printing head design for micro patterning on printed circuit boards. For an accurate analysis, a three-dimensional piezoelectric-driven actuator model was analyzed and its jetting characteristics were applied to 1Danalysis model. The performance of the 1D lumped model was verified by comparing measured and simulated results. The developed 1D model helped to optimize the design and configuration of the inkjet head and could be implemented in the design of multi-nozzle inkjet printing heads to improve the jetting frequency and minimize crosstalk.