지속성 외래 복막투석 환자의 영양상태에 영향을 미치는 인자들에 대한 단면적 연구

강이화 ( Ee Wha Kang ),구영석 ( Young Suck Goo ),이상철 ( Sang Cheol Lee ),한승혁 ( Seung Hyeok Han ),윤수영 ( Soo Young Yoon ),최소래 ( So Rae Choi ),박형천 ( Hyeong Cheon Park ),강신욱 ( Shin Wook Kang ),최규헌 ( Kyu Hun Choi 대한신장학회 2002 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.21 No.6

목 적 : 지속성 외래 복막투석 치료를 받는 환자들의 17-56%에서 단백질-열량 영양실조를 보이며, 영양실조는 이환율 및 치사율을 결정하는 주요 인자로 알려져 있다. 이에 저자는 복막투석 환자에서 영양실조의 유병율과 영향을 미치는 인자 및 인자들간의 상호 연관성을 규명하여 영양 실조의 발생을 예방하고 치료하는데 유용한 지침을 제시하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 말기 신부전증으로 진단 받고 지속성 외래 복막투석을 시행 받은 환자 중 최소한 3개월 이상 정기적인 외래 추적관찰을 받았고, 임상적으로 안정된 127명을 대상으로 하였다. 영양상태를 평가하기 위하여 주관적 영양상태 평가방법, 인체 계측, 운동 능력, 혈청 생화학적 분석, 요소 동력학 모형의 지표, 식이 섭취정도를 단면적으로 조사하였다. 결 과 ; 대상 환자의 평균 연령을 50.7±11.4세이었고, 남녀 비는 1 : 1이었으며, 평균 투석기간은 67.3±39.7개월이었다. 주관적 영양상태 평가방법에 따라 세 군으로 나누었을 때, 정상 영양상태를 보이는 환자 (Ⅰ군)는 75명 (59.0%), 경도의 영양실조를 보이는 환자 (Ⅱ군)는 30명 (33.6%)이었으며, 중등도 내지 중증의 영양실조를 보이는 환자 (Ⅲ군)는 22명 (17.4%)이었다. 임상적 특성 중, 환자의 나이 (P<0.01), 투석기간 (p<0.05)에 Ⅰ군 보다 Ⅲ군에서 유의하게 높아 연령이많고 투석기간이 길수록 영양실조의 빈도가 많았다. 혈청 생화학적 검사 중, Ⅰ군보다 Ⅲ군에서 혈청 크래아티닌, 중성지방, 단백질, 알부민, prealbumin, IGF-1, traansferrin, 등이 유의하게 낮았고 (p<0,01), 반대로 CRP,, ferritin, IL-6 등은 의의있게 높았다 (p<0,05). 알부민은 세 군간에 모두 유의한 차이를 보였다 (p<0.01). 인체 계측치와 운동 수행능력 평가에서는 체중, 이상체중에 대한 백분율, 체지방량, 체질량비, 중완둘레, 피부측벽두께, 중완 근육면적 등이Ⅰ군에비해 Ⅱ, Ⅲ군 모두에서 유의하게 감소되어 있었다 (p<0.05), 다변량 희귀분석법으로 분석한 결과, 영양상태에 영향을 미치는 독립적인 인자는 혈청 알부민, leptin, CRP이었다 결론 : 지속성 외래 복막투석을 받는 약 40%의 호나자들이 경중 이상의 영양실조를 보였으며, 여러 임상적, 혈청 생화학적 인자와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 이중 독립적으로 연관이 있는 인자는 혈청 알부민, CRP, leptin이었는데, 세 군간에 투석량과 식이 섭취에 차이가 없었기 때문에 급성 및 만성 염증 반응이 영양 실조에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각되며, 이중 leptin의 역할에 대해서는 향후 많은 환자들을 대상으로 한 전향적 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : Protein-calorie malnutrition is common in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients and is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality. This cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate prevalence of protein-calorie malnutrition in Korean CAPI) patients. Other purposes were to ascertain relationship between various nutritional parameters and to evaluate factors independently associated with malnutrition in CAPD patients. Methods : Subjects were clinically stable 127 patients who have been on CAPD for more than 3 months. Nutritional status was assessed by subjective global assessment (SGA), biochemical, anthropometric, and urea kinetic parameters. Results : The mean age of the patients was 50.7±11.4 years with sex ratio (M : F) 1:1, and mean duration of dialysis was 67.3±39.7 months. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to SGA group Ⅰ(normal nutrition, n=75, 59.0%), group Ⅱ(mild malnutrition, n=30, 23.6%) and group Ⅲ (moderate to severe malnutrition, n=22, 17.4%). There were significant differences in age, CAPD duration, peritonitis rate and hospital-days per year between group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ. Among biochemical variables, serum creatinine, triglyceride, protein, albumin, prealbumin, IGF-1, transferrin and leptin were significantly lower in group Ⅲ compared to group Ⅰ (p<0.05), and CRP, ferritin, and IL-6 were significantly higher in group Ⅲ than group Ⅰ. There were significant differences in serum albumin among all three groups. There were no differences in Kt/Vurea, nPNA and SCCr among three groups. However, there were significant differences in residual renal function (p<0,05) and PNA (p<0.05) between group I and group Ⅲ. Among anthropometric variables, body weight, %IBW, BMI, %body fat mass, MAC, TSF, BSF, CAMA, and TBM were significantly lower in group Ⅲ than the other two groups (p<0,05). But, there was no differences in exercise capacity and food intake among the three groups. To evaluate relationship between various parameters used for assessing malnutrition, we conducted Pearson`s rank correlation test. Sen albumin (γ=0.45), age (γ=-0.29), %JBW (γ=0.52), leptin (γ=0.32), CRP (γ=-0.24), TSF (γ =0.45) and CAMA (γ=0.41) significantly correlated with SGA. As a result of multiple regression analysis, albumin, leptin, and CRP were independent predictors of malnutrition (p<0.05). Conclusion : About 40% of CAPD patients were malnourished according to SGA, and multiple regression analysis revealed that serum albumin, leptin and CRP were independent predictors of malnutrition. These results suggest that acute and chronic inflamniatory response plays an important role in the development of protein-calorie malnutrition in CAPD patients with comparable food intake and dialysis does.

Acupuncture Modulates Expressions of Nitric Oxide Synthase and c-Fos in Hippocampus After Transient Global Ischemia in Gerbils

Kang, Ji-Eun,Lee, Hye-Jung,Lim, Sabina,Kim, Ee-Hwa,Lee, Tae-Hee,Jang, Mi-Hyeon,Shin, Min-Chul,Lim, Baek-Vin,Kim, Youn-Jung,Kim, Chang-Ju WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2003 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2003 No.-

The effects of acupuncture on the expressions of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and c-Fos in the hippocampus of gerbils after transient ischemia were investigated via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry and Fos immunohistochemistry. In animals of the ischemia-induction groups, both common carotid arteries were occluded for 5 minutes. Animals of the acupunctued groups were given acupunctural treatment at Zusanli twice daily for 9 consecutive days. Acupuncture was shown to decrease NADPH-d and c-Fos levels in both the sham-operation group and the ischemia-induction group. These results suggest that acupuncture modulates the expressions of NOS and c-Fos in the hippocampus.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of polylactic acid-based composite with tricalcium phosphate microsphere for enhanced biodegradability and osseointegration

Shin, Da Yong,Kang, Min-Ho,Kang, In-Gu,Kim, Hyoun-Ee,Jeong, Seol-Ha SAGE Publications 2018 Journal of biomaterials applications Vol.32 No.10

Screening for Anti-diabetic Effects of Prescribed Korean Traditional Medicines

Shin, Seon Mi,Jeong, Yong Joon,Park, Dae Won,Ko, Heung,Kim, Gi Tae,Kim, Ee-Hwa,Kim, Taeseong,Sohn, Eun-Hwa,Kwon, Jung-Eun,Koo, Hyun Jung,Kang, Se Chan The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2012 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.25 No.6

Herb extracts commercially used in Korea were screened for PPAR-${\gamma}$ agonist test and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition assay. Total 16 herb plants had a PPAR-${\gamma}$ agonist activity. Specially, Alisma orientale Juz (108.41%), Ephedra sinica (98.22%), Sasa japonica Makino var. purpurascens Nakai (140.68%), Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (106.79%) and Cnidium officinale Makino (113.00%) showed high PPAR-${\gamma}$ agonist activity rate compared with rosiglitazone's (167.46%). And Cornus officinalis S. et Z. (90.3%), Cinnamomum cassia Blume (89.2%), Psoralea corylifolia L. (89.8%), Paeonia japonica (Makino) Miyabe (92.4%) and Paeonia suffruticosa Andr (93.2%), showed high ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition rates. These results support previous reports of the efficacy of Oriental medicinal plants used for diabetes mellitus.

Characteristics of dielectric-band modified single-cell photonic crystal lasers

No, You-Shin,Ee, Ho-Seok,Kwon, Soon-Hong,Kim, Sun-Kyung,Seo, Min-Kyo,Kang, Ju-Hyung,Lee, Yong-Hee,Park, Hong-Gyu The Optical Society 2009 Optics express Vol.17 No.3

<P>We demonstrate new types of dielectric-band photonic crystal lasers in a two-dimensional modified single-cell cavity with enlarged air holes. Finite-difference time-domain simulations performed in real and Fourier spaces show that the dielectric-band cavity modes originating from the first band edge point in the dielectric band have mode patterns that are distinguishable from conventional air-band cavity modes. In our experiment, the observed multimode lasing peaks are identified as the hexapole and the monopole dielectric-band cavity modes through the spectral positions and mode images. The thresholds of these lasers are measured as approximately 340 microW and approximately 450 microW, respectively, at room temperature. In addition, using the simulation based on the actual fabricated structures, quality factors and mode volumes are computed as 4900 and 1.09 (lambda/n)3 for the hexapole mode, and 4300 and 2.27 (lambda/n)3 for the monopole mode, respectively.</P>

블랙베리(Rubus fruticosus L.)의 맹아절편체로부터 다경유도를 통한 식물체 재분화

신정순(Jeong-Sun Shin),심옥경(Ock-Kyeong Sim),이종천(Jong-Chon Lee),조한직(Han-Jik Cho),김이엽(Ee-Yup Kim),이강섭(Kang-Seop Lee) 한국자원식물학회 2005 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.18 No.3

블랙베리의 다경유도를 통한 식물체 재생을 위하여, 노지에서 생육되고 있는 맹아를 채취하여 1.2% NaOCl 용액에 침지하여 표면 살균한 후, kinetin과 BA가 각각 포함된 MS 배지에서 4주간 배양하여 절편당 형성된 신초의 수를 조사하여 BA가 효과적임을 밝혔다. 동일방식으로 맹아를 IBA와 BA를 첨가한 MS 고체배지에서 4주간 배양하여 신초를 유도하였는데 1.0 mg/L BA가 첨가된 배지에서 신초유도는 100% 이루어졌다. 기내배양한 신초의 절편체를 1.0 mg/L BA가 첨가된 MS 배지에 치상하여 형성된 신초의 수는 절편체당 5.3개로 최고를 나타내었다. 약 10주 정도 배양을 더 오래하였을 때, 다경 형성율이 더 높아질 뿐 아니라 절편체당 신초 수도 많아졌다. 형성된 신초로부터 뿌리 발생을 위하여 glycine의 농도를 달리한 (0~2.0mg/L) MS 기본배지에서 4주간 배양하였을 때, 0.5 mg/L glycine을 첨가한 배지에서 고빈도 (85%의 뿌리발생을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 재생된 식물체는 모래 : 토양 : 버뮤큘라이트 (1:1:1, vol.) 혼합토양에서 순화시켜, 토양에 이식하였을 때 95%의 식물체 생존율을 나타내었다. This study was carried out to induce plant regeneration via shoot formation from sucker explants of Rubus fruticosus L. To induce adventitious shoots, sucker explants were sterilized in 1.2% NaOCl solution, and cultured on the MS solid medium supplemented with kinetin (0.5, 1.0, 3.0 mg/L) and BA (0.5, 1.0, 3.0 mg/L), respectively. As above, to induce adventitious shoots, sucker explants were cultured on the MS solid medium supplemented with IBA (0, 0.1, 1.0 mg/L) and BA (0, 0.1, 1.0, 2.0 mg/L). After 4 weeks of culture, the highest frquency (100% of shoot formation from sucker explants was obtained from the medium with 1.0 mg/L BA. The highest shoot number per explant from in vitro shoot explants was 5.3. After 10 weeks of culture, the number of shoot per explant was increased. The highest frequency (85% of root formation was obtained at 0.5 mg/L glycine medium, when the explant with shoot were cultured on the MS medium containing glycine at various concentrations from 0 to 2.0 mg/L. The survival rate of the plantlets after transfer to plastic pots containing sand, soil, and vermiculite (1:1:1, vol.) was 95%. The results indicate that micropropagation procedure can be applied for an efficient mass propagation of Rubus fruticosus.

Demonstration of near-UV quantum dot light-emitting device with charge assisted layer-by-layer assembly

Il Ki HAN,Shin-Young JEONG,Joon-Suh PARK,Jihoon KYHM,Hong Hee KIM,Joonhyun KANG,Song-Ee LEE,Hyounguk KIM,Byeong-Kwon JU 한국진공학회 2016 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2016 No.8

Hydroxyapatite coating on magnesium with MgF2 interlayer for enhanced corrosion resistance and biocompatibility.

Jo, Ji-Hoon,Kang, Bong-Gyu,Shin, Kwang-Seon,Kim, Hyoun-Ee,Hahn, Byung-Dong,Park, Dong-Soo,Koh, Young-Hag Chapman and Hall ; Kluwer Academic Publishers 2011 Journal of materials science, Materials in medicin Vol.22 No.11

<P>Hydroxyapatite (HA) was coated onto pure magnesium (Mg) with an MgF(2) interlayer in order to reduce the surface corrosion rate and enhance the biocompatibility. Both MgF(2) and HA were successfully coated in sequence with good adhesion properties using the fluoride conversion coating and aerosol deposition techniques, respectively. In a simulated body fluid (SBF), the double layer coating remarkably enhanced the corrosion resistance of the coated Mg specimen. The in vitro cellular responses of the MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts were examined using a cell proliferation assay and an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, and these results demonstrated that the double coating layer also enhanced cell proliferation and differentiation levels. In the in vivo study, the HA/MgF(2) coated Mg corroded less than the bare Mg and had a higher bone-to-implant contact (BIC) ratio in the cortical bone area of the rabbit femora 4 weeks after implantation. These in vitro and in vivo results suggested that the HA coated Mg with the MgF(2) interlayer could be used as a potential candidate for biodegradable implant materials.</P>

Photolithographic quantum dot patterning technique and its application in multi-color quantum dot light-emitting device

Joon-Suh PARK,Shin-Young JEONG,Jihoon KYHM,Hong Hee KIM,Joonhyun KANG,Song-Ee LEE,Hyounguk KIM,Il Ki HAN 한국진공학회 2016 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.2016 No.8

현탁배양을 통한 금낭화(Dicentra spectabilis L. Lemaire)의 대량증식

이강섭,심옥경,신정순,최용의,김이엽,Lee, Kang-Seop,Sim, Ock-Kyeong,Shin, Jeong-Sun,Choi, Yong-Eui,Kim, Ee-Yup 한국식물생명공학회 2004 식물생명공학회지 Vol.31 No.2

금낭화 (Dicentra spectabilis L.)는 개발가치가 있는 국내 자생화 중의 하나로서 우수한 품종의 대량생산이 절실히 요구되는 실정이다. 본 연구는 현탁배양을 통한 배발생세포의 대량증식과 체세포배 발생 및 식물체재생의 적정조건을 구명하여 효율적인 기내묘목의 대량생산 체계를 확립하고자 시도되었다. 1.0mg/L 2,4-D SH고체배지에서 유도된 배발생캘러스를 현탁배지에서 증식시킨 결과, 1.0mg/L 2,4-D를 포함한 SH배지에서 MS배지에 비해 증식율이 높게 나타났으며, 체세포배 발생율은 1/2배 SH기본배지에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 250$m\ell$ 삼각플라스크에서 5,000개 이상의 고빈도로 체세포배가 생산되었다. 체세포배로부터 발아유도시에 GA$_3$는 정상적인 식물체로의 재생을 억제하는 효과를 나타내었으며, 정상적인 식물체 재생은 1/2희석 SH배지에서 양호하였다, 신초와 뿌리를 갖는 유식물체를 모래와 원예용상토(5:1, vol)가 혼합된 토양이 함유된 포트에 이식하여 1개월 후 58%의 생존율을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 활용하면 체세포배로부터 금낭화의 묘목을 대량생산 할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Bleeding heart (Dicentra spectabilis L. Lemaire) is one of the most valuable wild flower in Korea. This work was conducted for the mass production of somatic embryos through suspension culture and more effective plant regeneration system in Dicentra spectabilis. High-frequency embryogenic callus proliferation was achieved in SH liquid medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-D. Half-strength SH medium was suitable concentration for somatic embryo induction and germination. About 5,000 embryos were produced per 250$m\ell$ flask after 4 weeks of culture. Germination rate of somatic embryos was decreased when GA$_3$ was added in medium. The plantlets showed a 58% survival rate when transferred to pots after 1 month of culture. The results indicate that micropropagation procedure via somatic embryogenesis can be applied for an efficient mass propagation of Dicentra spectabilis.