수족관 이미지에 나타나는 권력 형상 연구 - 《힘을 그리다》전(展)의 작품을 중심으로 -

김정이 ( Kim Jung Ee ) 한국기초조형학회 2021 기초조형학연구 Vol.22 No.3

현대미술은 사회와의 직접적인 관계를 갖고 새로운 양식의 생성과 변화과정을 거치면서 대중과 소통되는 매개물로서 존재한다. 연구자는 빠르게 변하는 것에 발맞추며 다양한 변화 속에 살아가고 있고 살아야하는 존재이다. 그러한 현실의 상황이 힘들게 느껴질 때 그 원인을 보이지 않는 곳에서 작동되고 있는 힘’이라고 생각해왔다. 본 논문은 2018년 전시《힘을 그리다》展에서‘보이지 않는 힘’을 시각화시키는 연구의 기원과 현재 본인의 작업에 대한 정체성, 그리고 앞으로의 작업 방향성을 잡기 위한 연구 이다. 연구방법으로 자기 운명애(運命愛)의 정신에 의해 필연적으로 생성 되는 운명을 새로운 창조의 원리로 바꾸는 것이 중요하다고 주장한 니체를 도입하였다. 신이 주체적이어야 하고 창조하는 인간으로서의 힘에의 의지, 즉 왜 구조 안에서 행위 해야 하고 그 안에서 예술가로서 삶의 주체가 되는 ‘능동적(能動的) 니힐리즘’의 입장을 취해야 한다는 것을 알게 되었다. 사실상 모든 행위가 사회적으로 결정되는지도 모르나 연구자는 비관론에 빠지는 것이 아니라 그 안에서 문제를 제기할 수 있는 사람들이 예술가임을 알았다. 문제에 대한 결론을 짓는 것이 아니라 작품을 보고 대중이 다시 한 번 생각할 수 있게 만드는 것이 예술가의 역할이다. 그러한 예로 인간의 이성적 사고의 반대되는 활동을 한 예술운동인 신구상주의와 이를 바탕으로 질 아이요의 동물원 회화를 연구하였다. 정치와 사회, 그리고 일상생활을 미술 안으로 끌어들인 신구상주의의 질 아이요의 동물원 회화에서 보여 지는 틀 안의 동물들은 연구자의 수족관 속 물고기와 일치하는 지점은 있으나 작품 속의 구조내행위에서 차이를 보였다. 본 논문을 통하여 이 시대를 살고 있는 연구자의 역할을 반사회적인 것으로 정립하고 앞으로의 작업의 방향성 또한 연구자의 표현방식을 통한 꾸준한 문제의 제기임을 알 수 있었다. Contemporary art has a direct relationship with society and exists as a medium to communicate with the public through the process of creating and changing new styles. Researchers are living beings and must live in various changes while keeping pace with rapidly changing things. When such a situation in reality feels difficult, I have considered the cause of it as “power” operating in an invisible place. This thesis is a study to establish the origin of the research that visualizes the ‘invisible force’ in the 2018 exhibition 《Peindre les forces》, the identity of the current work, and the direction of the future work. Nietzsche, who argued that it is important to change the destiny that is inevitably created by the spirit of one’s own destiny and introduced love as a research method into the principle of new creation. I learned that I must act within the structure and take the position of ‘active nihilism’ as an artist in which life is the subject. Virtually all actions may be socially determined. However, the researcher did not fall into pessimism, but knew that artists were the ones who could raise problems about it. The artist’s role is not todraw conclusions about the problem, but to look at the work and make it possible for the public to think again. As an example, neo-figurativeism, which took place near France, is an art movement that was the opposite of human rational thinking. Based on this, I studied Gilles Aillaud paintings at the zoo. The quality of neo-figuration that brought politics, society, and everyday life into art. The animals in the frame shown in Aillaud’s zoo paintings have points that coincide with the fish in the researcher’s aquarium, but show differences in the structural behavior in the work. Through this thesis, it was possible to establish the role of the artist ‘Kim June ee’ living in this era as anti-social, and it was found that the direction of future work is also a constant uestioning through the method of expression of the researcher.

랑방 복합 스포츠 문화센터

E+E,Leth&Gori 현대건축사 2014 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.180

태양열 온수의 효과적 이용에 관한 시뮬레이션

박이동,정운철,임종오 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1992 論文集 Vol.42 No.2

The benefits of thermal stratification in sensible heat storage systems have been considered and studying by several investigators. In this paper, the basic data which is hard to obtain normally through experiments were obtainable through the computer simulation. The major objectives of the study were to assess the benefits of stratified storage in residential solar water heating application and to suggest the optimum design parameters. From the above computer simulation, following results were obtained. 1) The solar load fraction increases with increasing the number of tank segments. In these simulation, the magnitude of the improvement was about 10%. 2) The solar load fraction increases when the ratio of diameter to height of the tank(H/D) increases to 3, but H/D exceed 3 then, the solar load fraction decreases. In these simulation, the magnitude of the improvement was about 3 %. 3) Increasing the collector flow rate slightly improved the performance of the mixed storage system (Node = 1). Also, for the stratified storage system(Node = N), the solar load fraction increases with decreasing flow rate until the point is reached at which the collector outlet temperature reaches the boiloff limit of 100℃ over some portion of the simulation period.

노통 연관식 폐열 보일러의 최적 설계

박이동,이관종,장영근 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1995 論文集 Vol.46 No.2

This study is to obtain optimized design parameters of waste heat boiler with fire and smoke tube which are widely used to provide process and building heat. The optimum parameters obtained in this study can be used as a guideline for actual. boiler design of this type. The design optimization considered here is to find the most economical dimensions of the boiler considered which results in a minimum cost in producing a unit amount of steam per given period of operation. For this purpose, the first we have to determine what are the main parameters of affecting the total cost of producing a unit amount of steam which is comprised of manufacturing cost of the boiler, operating cost of the fan, etc. For the selected design parameters, we will have to decide the conditions of each parameter which will result in the minimum total cost. For the waste heat boiler with fire and smoke tube under consideration, the major parameters of affecting the total cost are considered to the diameter of the smoke tube and the gas velocity among others. The two parameters selected here are considered for finding the optimum size of the boiler by minimizing the total cost which is a function of the manufacturing cost, purchasing cost of the fan, and the operation cost of the system. Through computer simulation, the optimum conditions of these two parameters are obtained for different boiler capacities and different periods of operation.

일반적 분류에 의한 석유 아스팔트의 성분 분석

권이열,이복영 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1990 環境科學論文集 Vol.11 No.-

Asphalt의 화학적 성분을 분석해보면 물리적 특성을 평가할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 정유회사에서 생산되는 AP-3와 AP-5를 시료로 택해서 효과적인 solvent deasphaltening의 조건을 찾고, asphaltenes를 분리한 후 petroleumes을 elution-adsorption chromatography를 이용해서 saturates, naphthene-aromatics 및 polar-aromatics로 분리하여 두 asphalt의 특성을 비교해 보았다. 효과적인 solvent deasphaltening의 조건을 용매로 n-heptane을 사용하고 80℃에서 1시간 extraction을 할 때 였다. AP-3와 AP-5의 조성상의 특징은, AP-3에 비해 AP-5의 asphaltenes 비율이 3.24% 높은 데 비해 polar-aromatics는 AP-3가 2.46% 높았으며, naphthene-aromatics와 saturates에서는 각각 1% 이내의 차이를 나타내었다. 이 결과에서 asphaltenes의 비율이 AP-3와 AP-5의 물성에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 것을 알았다. The analysis of the chemical compositions of asphalts can help to evaluate the physical properties of them. In this experiment solvent deasphaltenings were carried to find out the most effective conditions for asphalt samples, AP-3 and Ap-5, produced in some domestic oil refineries. Asphaltenes were separated as precipitates on these conditions, and then petrolenes were separated into saturates, naphthene-aromatics, and polar-aromatics using elution-adsorption chromatography. AP-3 and AP-5 were most efficiently deasphaltened when extracted by n-heptane at 80℃ for one hour duration. Comparing the compositions of AP-3 and AP-5, AP-5 contains 3.24% more amount of asphaltenes than AP-3, meanwhile Ap-3 contains 2.46% more amount of polar-aromatics than AP-5. In the contents of naphthene-aromatics and saturates AP-3 and AP-5 are almost the same within 1% range. This analytical results suggest that the physical properties of asphalt is mainly influenced by the content of asphaltenes.

熱 PIPE用 蓄熱槽內의 流動特性과 蓄熱效率에 관한 實驗的 硏究

박이동,서병택 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1995 論文集 Vol.46 No.1

In thermal energy storage system, for the improvement of energy storage from collector to storage tank, study on flow characterisitics and heat storage effeiciency is necessary. In this study, temperature distribution in the storage tank and heat storage efficiency were analyzed due to dynamic conditions in case of heat storage process only, and the case of heat storage extraction process simultaneously. For this study, the experiments were carried out changing inflow rates ranging from 1LPM, 2LPM and 4LPM, and the arnount of heat supplied ranging of from 80W and 100W. Obtained results are as follows: [Heat storage process] 1. As the heat supplied from heat pipe increased, the average temperature of initial storage water increased and the thermal storage efficiency was constant. 2. When the heat was supplied from heat pipe, initial storage water heated entrained the surrounding water and rised to the top of storage tank and mixed with the water existed on the top of storage tank. In case of the heat supplied from heat pipe was 100W and 80W, the time initial water heated located at bottom of storage tank, reached at the free surface of storage tank was 20 seconds and 60 seconds respectively. [Heat storage and extraction process] 1. When the inflow rate was 1LPM and the heat supplied was 100W, thermocline was established and hence the initial storage water heated could be extracted as a hot water. 2. When the flow rate was rather 4LPM than 1LPM and the heat supplied was rather 80W than 100W, the temperature distribution had a steep gradient. It meant. a rather good stratification was developed. 3. When the heat was 80W, the temperature distribution under the thermocline region was showed higher than 100W for the reason of small buoyancy effect.

열성층 형성 촉진이 열저장에 미치는 영향

박이동,황성일,박상혁 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1990 論文集 Vol.41 No.2

This paper deals with experimental research to increase thermal storage efficiency of hot water stored in a actual storage tank for solar application. the effect of increased energy input rate due to stratification has been discussed and illustrated through experimental data, which was taken by changing dynamic and geometric parameters. Ranges of the parameters were defined for flow rate, the ratio of diameter to height of the tank and inlet-exit water temperature difference. During the heat storage, when the flow was lower, the temperature difference was larger and the ratio of diameter to height of the tank was higher, the momentum exchange decreased. As for this experiment, when the flow rate was 8liter/min, the temperature difference was 30℃ and the ratio of diameter to height of the tank was 3, the momentum exchange was minimized resulting in a good thermocline and a stable stratification. In the case of using inlet ports, if the modified Richardson number was less than 0.004, full mixing occured and so unstable stratification occured, which mean that this could not be recommended as storage through thermal stratification. Using a distributor was better than using inlet ports to form a sharp thermocline and to enhance the stratification. It was possible to get storage efficiency of 95% by using the distributor, which was higher than a storage efficiency of 85% obtained by using inlet ports in same operation condition. Furthermore, if the distributor was manufactured so that the main pipe decreases in diameter toward the dead end to maintain constant static pressure, it might be predicted that further stable stratification and higher storage efficiency are obtainable(more than 95%).

可變幅 急傾斜 開水路上을 流動하는 물의 깊이 變化에 관한 實驗的 硏究

朴伊東,朴昌鎬 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1986 論文集 Vol.37 No.1

A study on fluid flow on steep open channel with variable width has been seldom found up to date. Therefore, this paper dealed with the depth variation of water flowing on steep open channel with variable width. For this purpose, experimental apparatus was made and the depths of water flowing on steep open channel with variable width were measured experimentally, changing the channel slope angle from 30° to 60° degree (4 steps) and the flow rate from 3 to 8 GPM (4 steps). Whether theoretical equation could he applied for the thin film flow on steep open channel with variable width was investigated from the comparision of the depths of flow obtained from Manning equation and Navier-Stokes equation with the depths of water flow from the experimental measurements. And whether the depth variation of water flow on steep open channel with variable width could be predicted by the use of the depth variation of water flow with constant width. The results obtained are as follows. 1. When thin film water flowed on steep open channel with variable width, the depths of flow tended to increase after decreasing along the entire channel lengths. 2. The turning point of the depths of flow from decrease to increase tended to move downwards with the increase of the flow rates, and to move upwards with the increase of the channel slope. 3. With constant flow rate, the more channel slope increasese, the more the increasing rates of depths of flow got larger than the decreasing rates on the same channel length. 4. The depth variation of water flow with constant width could not applied to predict the depths of flow on steep open channel with variable width.

遠心펌프回轉車內의 壓力特性에 關한 實驗的 硏究

朴伊東,金東燮,權養球 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1995 論文集 Vol.46 No.2

The distribution of pressure in an impeller of a centrifugal pump was investigated to operate under the optimum, conditions according to the variation of dynamic factors such as rotational speed and flowrate in an impeller. The interchange of energy actually are as follows. 1) The variations of pressure in the radial direction had almost the same patterns as the flowrate was changed and the outlet pressure decreased with the increase of the flowrate. 2) It showed that the pressure increased in the radial direction of impeller as the rotational speed increased, and the same phenomenon took place with the variation of flowrate. Otherwise there was little recovery of pressure in the region of low rotational speed and high flowrates(5.0, 5.5 lps) . 3) The head-flowrate of the characteristic curves increased simultaneously according to the increase of rotational speed, and the power gradient of the power-flowrate curve increased as the rotational speed increased and the efficiency-flowrate curve showed that the efficiency was the same in a low flowrate and higher in a high flowrate according to the increase of rotational speed.

열저장조 내의 Negative Buoyant Jet 유동 특성에 관한 실험적 연구

박이동,황성일,조운 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 論文集 Vol.45 No.1

In cold water storage system, efficiency is mostly dominated by the mixture of incomming cold water and initial storage water. The most desirable flow pattern is to minimise the mixture of incomming water and storage water and to obtain the stable stratification. During the cold water storage, the flow pattern of incomming water is negative buoyant jet effected by initial momentum and buoyant force. In this study, two characteristics of negative buoyant jet were measured. One is concerned with degree of mixture such as entrainment rate, dilution ratio and the other is radius of curvature, concerned with the jet trajectory. There were two vairables used in this experiment. One was dynamic variables such as inlet mass flow rate, temperature difference between initial water temperature in the tank and inflow water temperature into storage tank, and the other was geometrical variables such as the height of inlet port, and inlet port diameter. Through this experiment, the optimum conditions of cold water storage by using the characteristics of negative buoyant jet were 5.7 < Fr< 8.1, 0-4<r<0.6, 7.3 < Er< 11, and 28<S<39. In this conditions, while incomming water was dropping into storage tank bottom, the mixture was minimized compared to other flow conditions and the negative buoyant jet trajectory dropped into the center of storage tank bottom. And the stable stratification was developed. Nomenclature D: Inlet port diameter(cm) E: Entrainment rate or entrainment function Fr: Densimetric Froude number g. Gravitational acceleration(m/sec^2) H: Height of single circular inlet port(cm) Q: Flow rate(GPH ) r: Radius of cuvature S: Dilution ratio T: Temperature of incoming water at centerline (℃) T_m: Temperature of incoming water, (℃) T_s: Temperature of initially stored water (℃) ΔT: Temperature difference with T_m-T_s U: The velocity of incoming water (m/s) U_m: The mean velocity of incoming water at centerline (m/s) <Greek symblos> α: Entrainment coefficient β: Volumetric expansion coefficient ρ_m: Density of incoming water, (kg/㎥) ρ: Density of initially stored water, (jg/㎥)