lnternational Perspectives on Public Policy for Older Adults

( Mack Shelley ) 한국정책학회 2016 한국정책학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.-

A ging and Disability Resource Centers- A Study of Policy Evolution

( Mack Shelley ) 한국정책학회 2016 한국정책학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.-

The system of Aging and Disability Resource Centers (ADRCs) in the United States provides an informative example of how the implem entation of health care publicv policy has evolved to accommodate changing societal realties. ADRCs represent a blending of agencies and interests representing two distinctively different policy histories. The aging component is a direct result of national legislation (primarily the Older Americans Act) designed to protect and provide societal equality for adults age 60 and over. In contrast, the disability component grew out of the United States` civil rights movement for racial and ethnic equality. These divergent origins produced a creative tension that resulted in a synthesis through the ADRC movement, which established state-level centers to provide a central location for information and referral resources for loder adults, the disability community, and caregivers. National support for the ADRC system was provided by the United States Administration on Aging and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services in the Department of Health and Human Services. The initial establishment and expansion of the national ADRC system in the United States are discussed, in the context of broader developments in the evolution of the American health care system toward a more inclusive and responsive structure. Special attention is given to implementation of the ADRC in the state of Iowa.

Why spouses depress each other: A cross-national study to test the shared resource hypothesis in depressive symptom concordance within older adult couples

Peiyi Lu,Mack Shelley 한국사회복지학회 2019 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.13 No.3

The shared resource hypothesis suggests that married couples share the same en-vironmental resources, which shape their health concordance. This study tests its cross-national applicability. Cross-sectional 2012–2013 Health and Retirement Study data from China, England, Mexico, and the United States were analyzed. Heterosexual couples (age ≥60) who were married or partnered were studied (N = 20,565 pairs). Dyadic data were analyzed by multilevel models to examine the effect of self and spousal social and physical health statuses on depressive symptoms. Regression models were used to test the relationship between couples' shared resources and depressive symptom concordance. Results indicated both husbands and wives' de-pressive symptoms were associated with their own and spouses' social and health statuses. Most couple-level resources were insignificant predictors for Chinese and Mexican couples' concordance, but having more social and financial resources was associated with higher concordance among British and American couples. Self-re-ported health was the most consistent predictor in all countries. The shared resource hypothesis was more applicable to depressive symptom concordance within couples in the United States and England, but not in China and Mexico. Couple-centered intervention is suggested for clinical practice, and the spousal effect should be con-sidered in policymaking.

Adolescents’ health behaviors and obesity: Does race affect this epidemic?

Bernice A. Dodor,Mack C. Shelley,Cheryl O. Hausafus 한국영양학회 2010 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.4 No.6

This study explores the influence of health behaviors and individual attributes on adolescent overweight and obesity using data from Wave Ⅱ (Add Health). Structural equation model/ path analysis using maximum likelihood estimation was utilized to analyze the relationships of health behaviors and attributes with obesity. Results of the model reveal that the causal paths (adolescents’ attributes and health behaviors) for overweight and obesity were different for African American and Caucasian adolescents. Generally, African Americans were more susceptible to overweight and obesity than Caucasians. Although increasing levels of vigorous physical activities lowers the risk for obesity among African American and Caucasian adolescents alike, low family SES and being sedentary were associated with overweight and obesity among Caucasians. No significant associations were found among African Americans. Increased hours of sleep at night relate positively with obesity among African Americans. These findings suggest important elements in the consideration of race in developing effective intervention and prevention approaches for curbing the obesity epidemic among U.S. adolescents.

Adolescents' health behaviors and obesity: Does race affect this epidemic?

Dodor, Bernice A.,Shelley, Mack C.,Hausafus, Cheryl O. The Korean Nutrition Society 2010 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol. No.

This study explores the influence of health behaviors and individual attributes on adolescent overweight and obesity using data from Wave II (Add Health). Structural equation model/ path analysis using maximum likelihood estimation was utilized to analyze the relationships of health behaviors and attributes with obesity. Results of the model reveal that the causal paths (adolescents' attributes and health behaviors) for overweight and obesity were different for African American and Caucasian adolescents. Generally, African Americans were more susceptible to overweight and obesity than Caucasians. Although increasing levels of vigorous physical activities lowers the risk for obesity among African American and Caucasian adolescents alike, low family SES and being sedentary were associated with overweight and obesity among Caucasians. No significant associations were found among African Americans. Increased hours of sleep at night relate positively with obesity among African Americans. These findings suggest important elements in the consideration of race in developing effective intervention and prevention approaches for curbing the obesity epidemic among U.S. adolescents.

Cross-cultural search for Big Five: development of a scale to compare personality traits of pre-service elementary school teachers in Turkey and Spain

Perkmen Serkan,Toy Serkan,Caracuel Alfonso,Shelley Mack 서울대학교 교육연구소 2018 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.19 No.4

The main purpose of the current study was to develop a 50-item personality scale in Turkish and Spanish based on Big Five Model of Personality and to assess its construct validity and reliability. We also compared the personality of pre-service teachers enrolled in the department of elementary education in Turkey and Spain. The participants were 555 pre-service teachers enrolled in elementary education programs at a Turkish university (280) and at a Spanish university (275). Results of confirmatory factor analysis supported the construct validity of the scale in both samples. However, 10 items had low factor loadings in their respective dimensions. Thus, they were removed from the scale. Findings regarding the comparison of Turkish and Spanish pre-service teachers revealed that they share similar personality traits; however, significant personality differences between Turkish and Spanish pre-service elementary school teachers emerged. Results of t tests on each dimension of personality revealed that the Turkish pre-service teachers’ Openness and Neuroticism scores were statistically higher than the Spanish pre-service teachers. On the other hand, the Spanish pre-service teachers’ Conscientiousness score was found to be statistically higher than that of the Turkish pre-service teachers.

논의를 강조한 탐구학습법에 따른 통합학급 초등학생의 단어 활용, 독해 및 쓰기 능력

박영근,윤세열,Brian Hand,William Therrien,Mack Shelley 한국특수교육학회 2013 특수교육학연구 Vol.48 No.2

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of argument-based inquiry approach for improving the literacy of students with special needs, and to introduce the Science Writing Heuristic as an argument-based inquiry approach. This study focused on how this approach influenced students' literacy such as vocabulary usage, reading comprehension, and writing skills. From the forty-eight public elementary schools in the Midwest of the U.S., twenty-four elementary schools were designated as the treatment group and the remaining as the control group. Students in the treatment group were immersed in a learning environment where there is strong emphasis on argumentation while those in the control group learned science in a traditional manner. Students' achievement levels were determined based on the mean scores of the state-standardized test in the Midwest. The findings indicated that the argument-based inquiry approach contributed to students' test performances on vocabulary usage, reading comprehension, and writing skills significantly better than the traditional approach. The argument-based inquiry approach emphasized dialogical interactions between students with special needs and students' active engagement in scientific inquiry. This approach provides meaningful learning experience through argumentation in science class, and would contribute to literacy education for students with special needs in Korean elementary school settings. 본 연구의 목적은 ‘논의를 강조한 탐구 학습법’이 초등학교 특수교육대상 학생들의 단어 활용, 독해, 쓰기능력에 미치는 효과를 분석하는데 있다. ‘논의를 강조한 탐구 학습법’ 은 특수교육 지원 요구를 가진 학생들이 또래와의 상호작용을 통하여 능동적으로 과학 탐구 활동에 참여할 수 있도록 돕는다. 본 연구의 목적을 위해서 미국 중부의 48개 일반 초등학교를 탐구적 과학 글쓰기 활동을 실시한 24개의 실험집단 학교와, 이 중재학습을 실시하지 않은 24개의 통제집단 학교로 나누고, 각 학교에서 통합교육을 받고 있는 특수교육대상 학생들을 대상으로 단어 활용, 독해, 쓰기능력 검사를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 논의를 강조한 탐구 학습법을 경험한 특수교육대상 학생들이 통제집단의 학생들보다 단어 활용, 독해, 쓰기 능력에 향상을 보인다. 우리나라 초등학교 ‘과학’ 수업 시간을 통해 논의를 강조한 탐구학습법을 활용하는 것이 특수교육지원 요구를 가진 학생들의 단어 활용, 독해, 쓰기능력 향상에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이라고 기대한다.

논의를 강조한 탐구 학습법에 따른 초등학교 특수교육 대상학생의 비판적 사고력 및 과학 학업성취도 향상

박영근 ( Yung Keun Park ),윤세열 ( Sae Yeol Yoon ),( Brian Hand ),( William Therrien ),( Mack Shelley ) 한국특수아동학회 2013 특수아동교육연구 Vol.15 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 ‘논의를 강조한 탐구 학습법’이 초등학교 특수교육 대상학생의 비판적 사고력 및 과학 학업 성취도에 미치는 효과를 분석하는데 있다. ‘논의를 강조한 탐구 학습법’ 은 특수교육대상 학생들이 또래와의 상호작용을 통하여 능동적으로 과학 탐구 활동에 참여할 수 있도록 돕는다. 본 연구의 목적을 위해서 미국 중부의 48개 일반 초등학교를 ‘논의를 강조한 탐구 학습법’의 하나인, ‘탐구적 과학 글쓰기 활동’을 실시한 24개의 실험집단 학교와, 이 중재학습을 실시하지 않은 24개의 통제집단 학교로 나누고, 각 학교에서 통합교육을 받고 있는 특수교육대상 초등학생들을 대상으로 비판적 사고력 검사와 과학 학업성취도 검사를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 논의를 강조한 탐구 학습법을 경험한 특수교육대상 초등학생들이 1년간의 중재를 통해서 비판적 사고력이 유의미하게 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로는, 비판적 사고력의 하위 요소가운데, 귀납적 사고력, 관찰적 사고력이 유의미하게 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 뿐만 아니라 논의를 강조한 탐구 학습법을 경험한 특수교육대상 초등학생들이 1년간의 중재를 받은 후에 중재를 받지 않은 학생들보다 과학 학업성취도 검사에서 유의미한 수준의 향상을 보였다. 우리나라의 초등학교 ‘과학’ 수업 시간을 통해, 논의를 강조한 탐구 학습법을 활용하는 것이 특수교육대상 초등학생들의 비판적 사고력 및 과학 학업성취도 향상을 함께 가져올 수 있다는 점에서, 초등학교 ‘과학’ 수업 시간에 ‘탐구적 과학 글쓰기 활동’을 활용해 보는 것이 의미가 있을 것으로 생각된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an argument-based inquiry approach for improving the critical thinking ability and scientific knowledge of students with special needs. This study would also introduce the Science Writing Heuristic (SWH) as an argument-based inquiry approach. From forty-eight public elementary schools in the American Midwest, twenty-four elementary schools were designated as the treatment group and the remaining as the control group. The students in the treatment group were immersed in a learning environment where a strong emphasis was placed on argumentation, while those in the control group learned science in a traditional manner. All students were given the Cornell Critical Thinking Test. The findings indicated that those students who were in the argument-based inquiry approach (treatment group) scored higher than those who were in the traditional science classroom (control group). In specific, these students scored higher in the sub-categories of critical thinking such as induction and observation. In addition, this study examined all students` science scores on the state standardized test. The students in the treatment group scored higher than the students in the control group on this test. Therefore, the argument-based inquiry approach also improved the scientific ability of the students. This approach provided meaningful learning experiences through argumentation in the science classroom, and would contribute to increase the critical thinking and scientific ability of students with special needs in Korean elementary schools.