누낭비강문합술(Dacryocystorhinostomy)을 이용한 비루관폐쇄 교정술식에 관한 고찰

백경식,강승우,오상윤,이민정,허원실 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1992 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.14 No.4

Epiphora is overflow of tears due to obstruction of lacrimal duct. Dacryocystorhinostomy is the most common procedure to eliminate the epiphora secondary to complete or partial obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct. The procedure is to artificially create passage between lacrimal sac and nasal cavity. Especially, epiphora would be accompany often by nasolacrimal duct obstruction when trauma of ormaxillofacial area lead to nasal fracture, medial wall fracture of orbit. Therefore in this case there are many case to perform dacryocystorhinostomy because probing and tubing is difficult to resolve the epiphora. We performed 4 cases of dacryocystorhinostomy for adult nasolacrimal duct obstruction from May 1991 to October 1991. The results were very satisfactory in all the case. Epipora disappeared in all case.

전통놀이 프로그램이 타인감정조망능력 및 교우관계에 미치는 효과

홍승표,박병기 한국아동교육학회 2005 아동교육 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구는 전통놀이가 아동의 타인감정조망능력 및 교우관계에 미치는 효과를 검증하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 초등학교 6학년 75명(실험집단 37명, 비교집단38명)이었다. 실험처치는 12개의 전통놀이를 이용하여 실시하였다. 교육효과의 분석은 자료의 특성에 따라 차이점수의 집단간 비교와 공분산분석을 혼용하였다. 연구의 결과전통놀이는 타인감정조망능력 및 교우관계에 유의하게 영향을 미쳤다. 전통놀이의 효과가 성별에 따른 상호작용효과를 나타내지는 않았다. 연구 결과에 비추어 볼 때, 전통놀이 활동은 초등학교 수업에 보다 적극적으로 도입될 필요가 있다. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of traditional games on children' peer relationship and affective perspective taking ability on others. To accomplish the purpose of the study, two hypotheses were set up; first, the program of traditional games will be effective on children's affective perspective taking ability on others and their peer relationship. Second, the effect of the program will be different according to gender. 75 students of 6 graders were selected for the study: 37 for the experimental group and 38 for the comparative group respectively. A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used to measure the effects. The experimental treatment was conducted using 12 kinds of traditional games. First hypothesis was accepted, but the second not. From the results of this study, it might be concluded that traditional games is to be employed actively in the school learning environments.

Polysulfide 前處理에 의한 Cyanide 含有廢水의 活性汚泥處理

金承鶴,李武康,韓基白 慶星大學校 環境問題硏究所 1992 環境硏報 Vol.2 No.1

The objective of this study was performed in order to obtain the changing efficiency of SCN- according to and reaction time. For that reason, the polysulfide was added to the cyanide wastewater in a fixed weight ratio. Herewith the design parameter was determined for the synthetic wastewater containing 300㎎/ℓof SCN- and was compared substrate removal constant(k) with adsorption reaction constant(k₁k₂) by adsorption equilibrium eqtion. The changing rate of CN- to SCN- was found to be pH 10, pH 12 for 90∼95 percent within 3 hours. On other hand, was found to be pH 7 for 60∼65 perdent due to the Polysulfide precipitating. On the occasion of 10, after the reaction time proceeded 3 hours, pH of bulk solution was varied from 10 to 7. But practically changing of SCN concentration was not significant. Treatment of the synthetic wastewater containing 300㎎/ℓof SCN- at 20±1℃ with the Hydraulic retention tin of 6 to 18 and MLVSS concentration of 3050 to 3590㎎/ℓgave 94.2∼96.5 percent in substrate removal efficiencies as COD . The design parameters of k, Y, ke, Vmax and Km were determined to 0.0247 d-1, 0.2119, 0.0561 d-1, 4 d-1, and 153.96㎎/ℓ. In adsorption teste using acclimated sludge, adsorption removal rate was 0.5476㎎/㎎ MLVSS. day at 314㎎/ℓ initial SCN- concentration and was 0.3045㎎/㎎ MLVSS·day at 576㎎/ℓ of initial SCN- concentration. It was adapted adsorption equilibrium equation for substrate removal by the activated sludege. In the results, Freudlich's adsorption reaction constant, k₁ was 0.0273 day-1 and n₁was 0.840 and Katz's adsorption reaction constant, k₂ was 0.0287 day-1 and n₂was 0.839. These values were similar in comparison with the substrate removal constant(k=0.247).

Nuclear Factor I-C 결손 생쥐에서 상아모세포의 형태학적 특징

고승백,이창섭,이난영,이상호,김흥중,박주철 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

NFI-C K/O 생쥐에서는 상아모세포의 분화과정에 이상이 초래되어 상아질 형성에 이상이 생기고 치근 형성이 불완전하게 이루어지는 것으로 알려져 있으나 이에 대한 명확한 기전은 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 상아모세포가 분화하여 정상적으로 상아질을 형성하기 위해서 핵과 세포질이 극성을 띠고 잘 조직화되어야 하며, 이 과정에서 다양한 세포사이 결합장치들이 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 NFI-C K/O 생쥐에서 상아질 형성에 이상이 생기는 것이 상아포세포의 형태학적 변화와 세포사이 결합장치들이 기능을 하지 못한 결과에서 기인한 것인지 알아보기 위하여, NFI-C K/O 생쥐에서 발생한 비정상적인 상아모세포들을 광학 및 투과 전자현미경을 이용하여 형태학적으로 관찰하고, Zo-1과 occludin의 발현을 면역조직화학적으로 관찰하여 세포사이 결합장치들의 분포를 확인하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 광학현미경 소견에서 NFI-C K/O 생쥐의 전치부 상아모세포는 세포 극성이 상실되고, 여러 층으로 배열되어 있었으며 상아질에 많은 세포들이 함입된 것과 같은 비정상적인 상아질의 소견을 나타냈다. 반면에 NFI-C K/O 생쥐의 구치부 상아모세포는 치관부에서는 잘 조직화된 소견을 보였으나 치근 형성 부위에서는 세포 배열이 불규칙해지고 세포 극성이 상실되었다. 2. 투과 전자현미경 소견에서 NFI-C K/O 생쥐 전치부의 비정상적인 상아모세포는 둥근 형태로 세포 사이 간격이 넓으며 폐쇄연접과 같은 세포사이 결합장치들이 전혀 관찰되지 않았다. 3. Zo-1의 면역조직화학적 염색에서 NFI-C K/O 생쥐의 전치부 법랑모세포의 근위부와 원위부에서 ZO-1이 강하게 발현되었으나 비정상적인 상아모세포에서는 ZO-1의 발현을 관찰할 수 없었다. 4. Occludin의 면역조직화학적 염색에서 정상 생쥐의 전치부 상아모세포에서는 occludin의 발현이 관찰되었으나 NFI-C K/O 생쥐의 비정상적인 상아모세포에서는 occludin의 발현이 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 NFI-C의 결손은 상아모세포의 분화 이상을 초래하고 비정상적으로 상아질을 형성하는 과정에 세포사이 결합장치의 상실과 같은 형태학적인 변화의 중요한 요소로 작용하는 것으로 생각된다. NFO-C null mice demonstrated aberrant odntoblast differentiation and thus abnormal dentin formation while other tissues/organs in the body, including ameloblasts, appear to be unaffected and normal. However, little is known about the mechanism of NFI-C function in odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. Odontoblasts are tall, highly polarized cells that are responsible for formation and maintenance of the predentin and dentin. An indication of their polarity is the acquisition of specialized intercellular junctions. As predontoblasts differentiate into odontoblasts, they are joined and attached at the apical end by well developed terminal webs of cytoskeletal actins, and associated tight as well as adherent njunctions. In this study, in order to investigate if disruption of the NFI-C gene interferes with formation of a specific or other structural proteins of the intercellular junctions, we examined morphological charcteristic of the aberrant odontoblast in NFI-C null mice using light and electron microscope. In addition, we determined the expression of major structural proteins of intercellular junctions, ZO-1 and occludin, during the differentiation of odontoblasts using immunohitochemistry. The results were as follows: 1. In light microscopy, abnormal odontoblasts of incisors of the NFI-C null mice were round in shape, lost their polarity, and trapped in osteodentin-like mineralized tissue. Mutant molars have relatively normal crowns, but short and abnormal differentiating adontoblasts in root formation area. 2. Electron microscopy of abnormal odontoblasts revealed the dissociation of the round osteoblast-like cells, the loss of their cellular polarity, and the absence of an intercellular junctional complex known as the tight junctions. 3. A mutant incisor showed labeling for ZO-1 at the proximal and distal ends of secreting ameloblasts, while staining for ZO-1 was not observed in the abnormal odontoblasts. 4. A normal incisor showed immunoreactivity for occludin in the differentiating odontoblasts. However, staining for occludin was not observed in the abnormal odntoblasts of mutant incisor. These results suggest that NFI-C gene causes dissociation of odontoblast and thus abberant odontoblast differentiation and abnormal dentin formation by interfering with the formation of intercellular junctions.

石菖蒲가 血壓 및 局所腦血流量에 미치는 影響

鄭鉉雨,康城溶,白承化 대한본초학회 1999 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

Rhizoma Acori Graminei(RAG) has been used in Korea for many centuries as a therapeutic agent for cerebral disease. The effect of RAG on the vascular system is not known. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of RAG on Blood Pressure(BP) and regional Cerebral Blood Flow(rCBF) of male Sprague-Dawely rats. The changes in rCBF were determinated by Laser-Doppler Flowmetry(LDF). The results were as follows : 1. Blood pressure was not affected by RAG in rats. 2. rCBF was increased by RAG in a dose-dependent manner. 3. Pretreatment with propranolol significantly inhibited RAG induced increased rCBF. 4. Pretreatment with methylen blue and ODQ significantly inhibited RAG induced increased rCBF. 5. Pretreatment with L-NNA significantly inhibited RAG induced increased rCBF. These results suggest that RAG causes a diverse response of blood pressure and regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF). The increased in rCBF is also mediated by adrenergic β-receptor, nitric oxide synthease and guanylate cyclase.

각막형태검사법을 이용한 각막양상과 눈의 굴절력과의 관계

최시환,민병무,김용백,김창식,안승일 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

We evaluated the topography of 200 normal cornea of Korean. The mean age was 37 years and mean refractive astigmatism was 0.82±0.69D. The corneal patterns were classified by Dr. Bogan such as round, oval, symmetric bow tie, asymmetric bow tie, and irregular pattern. Its incidence was 14.0%, 11.0%, 16.0%, 30.0% and 29.0%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of topographic pattern in male and female and among age groups. The symmetric bow tie type had the greatest spherical equivalent and astigmatism and there was no statistically significant difference in those two values between round and oval group. Two bow-tie groups were not also statistically significantly different from each other in spherical equivalent and astigmatism. However, two bow tie groups were significantly different from round and oval group. So, it was possible to divide corneal topographic pattern into three groups such as round and oval, two bow tie, and irregualr group. We could understand normal corneal status related to corneal pattern and refractive power through this qualitative system for classifying corneal topography.

Atrial fibrillation in acute myocardial infarction

( Seung Wook Bak ),( Jin Woo Park ),( Seung Jin Jun ),( Yohan Ku ),( Won Yu Kang ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.-

Altered epidermal lipid layers induced by long‐term exposure to suberythemal‐dose ultraviolet

Bak, Hana,Hong, Seung‐,phil,Jeong, Se‐,Kyoo,Choi, Eung‐,Ho,Lee, Sang E.,Lee, Seung‐,Hun,Ahn, Sung‐,Ku Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 International journal of dermatology Vol.50 No.7

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Background </B> Although several studies have reported on the biological effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, there have been only a few reports on the changes in epidermal lipids following long‐term UV irradiation at suberythemal dose (SED), to which people are usually exposed during their lifetime.</P><P><B>Objectives </B> To investigate the changes of epidermal lipid properties after long‐term UV radiation with SED.</P><P><B>Materials and methods </B> Hairless mice were irradiated three times weekly for 15 weeks at an SED of UV (UVB: 20 mJ/cm<SUP>2</SUP>; UVA: 14 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP>). Every three weeks, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was measured by a Tewameter. The morphological alterations of stratum corneum (SC) lipid lamellae were examined by electron microscopy (EM). Activities of three key enzymes for mRNA of serine palmitoyl transferase, fatty acid synthase, and HMG CoA reductase were analyzed with real time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. We also measured the amount of ceramide, cholesterol sulfate, and free fatty acid in the SC by high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography with exposed times.</P><P><B>Results </B> The SED UV‐irradiated group showed increased TEWL after 12 weeks. Following the irradiation period, EM revealed incomplete and separated lamellae at SC intercellular space. mRNA of three key enzymes was increased until six weeks of UV irradiation and decreased thereafter. However, three major lipid amounts gradually decreased throughout the exposed period, with a notable decrease in ceramide.</P><P><B>Conclusions </B> Long‐term UV irradiation even with SED influences skin barrier function and structure with prominent ceramide decrease in SC intercellular lipid.</P>

High-frequency micromechanical resonators from aluminium–carbon nanotube nanolaminates

Bak, Jung Hoon,Kim, Young Duck,Hong, Seung Sae,Lee, Byung Yang,Lee, Seung Ran,Jang, Jae Hyuck,Kim, Miyoung,Char, Kookrin,Hong, Seunghun,Park, Yun Daniel Nature Publishing Group 2008 NATURE MATERIALS Vol.7 No.6

At micro- and nanoscales, materials with high Young’s moduli and low densities are of great interest for high-frequency micromechanical resonator devices. Incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with their unmatched properties, has added functionality to many man-made composites. We report on the fabrication of ≤100-nm-thick laminates by sputter-deposition of aluminium onto a two-dimensional single-walled CNT network. These nanolaminates—composed of Al, its native oxide Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and CNTs—are fashioned, in a scalable manner, into suspended doubly clamped micromechanical beams. Dynamic flexural measurements show marked increases in resonant frequencies for nanolaminates with Al–CNT laminae. Such increases, further supported by quasi-static flexural measurements, are partly attributable to enhancements in elastic properties arising from the addition of CNTs. As a consequence, these nanolaminate micromechanical resonators show significant suppression of mechanical nonlinearity and enhanced strength, both of which are advantageous for practical applications and analogous to biological nanocomposites, similarly composed of high-aspect-ratio, mechanically superior mineral platelets in a soft protein matrix.

Atrial fibrillation in acute myocardial infarction

( Seung Wook Bak ),( Jin Woo Park ),( Seung Jin Jun ),( Yohan Ku ),( Won Yu Kang ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly encountered clinical arrhythmia. However, The impact of AF in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on future major cardiac adverse events is uncertain in Korean population. Methods: Between November 2005 and November 2007, 12,928 patients were registered in the Korean Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR). Patients were divided into 2 groups according to presence of AF: Group I (who had not AF, n=12,350) and Group II (who had AF, n=578). In-hospital mortality, mortality in 1 year, and overall mortality were compared between groups. Also, we examined independent predictors for mortality in AF groups. Results: The incidence of AF in AMI was 4.7%. AF group was significantly older (Group I: 62.5±12.7, Group II: 68.5±11.6, p<0.001) and more likely to have lower systolic blood pressure (Group I: 130.0±30.2, Group II: 122.1±31.7, p<0.001) and lower ejection fraction (Group I: 51.7±12.6, Group II: 48.7±13.1, p<0.001). There was no significant statistical differences in the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and angiographic findings (p>0.05). There was significant difference in failure rate in percutaneous coronary intervention (1.6% vs. 3.8%, p=0.004), In-hospital mortality (4.2% vs 10.8%, p<0.001), mortality in 12 months (4.8% vs 9.7%, p=0.002), and overall mortality (12.1% vs. 27.8%, p<0.001). However, AF was not a independent predictors in overall mortality. In multivaritate analysis, age (OR 1.094, CI: 1.047~1.142, p<0.001), blood pressure (OR 0.979, CI: 0.964~0.994), left ventricular ejection fraction (OR 0.931, CI: 0.900~0.965, p<0.001), percutaneous coronary intervention (OR 2.409, CI: 1.036~5.60, p=0.041) were independent predictors for overall mortality in AF with AMI patients. Conclusion: Although has poor prognosis, AF in AMI is not a independent predictor for mortality. Age, blood pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction, percutaneous coronary intervention are independant predictors in AF with AMI patients.