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A Lightweight, Uni-directional Routing Protocol for Event-Driven Sensor Networks
YongHyun Cho,SangKeun Lee,Yon Dohn Chung 대한전자공학회 2007 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2007 No.7
Nodes in event-driven sensor networks communicate with one another via network control packets on wireless link. Therefore, network control packets in routing protocols play an important role in sensor networks. There are, however, too many useless network control packets in conventional routing protocols. We propose simple routing protocol, could forward event for unidirctional. The proposed method does not maintain routing path. Consequently, there are no routing tables in networks. If a node send some message to the base station, any routing path are discovered and removed at that time. As a result, a large amount of network control packets are reduced except essential ones. We show the effective elimination of useless control packets by simulation.
JongIl Park,JongChul Yang,Sangkeun Chung 대한신경정신의학회 2017 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.14 No.6
Little is known about the risk factors for the fear of falling in elderly Korean individuals. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the risk factors for fear of falling in a representative elderly population of over 10,000 individuals aged 65 years and older. A multivariate multinomial analysis revealed that the risk factors associated with a severe fear of falling were being female [odds ratio (OR)=4.396], older age (OR=5.550 for those aged ≥85 years), lower level of education (OR=0.719 for those with ≥13 years of schooling), chronic illness (OR=2.788 for those with more than three chronic illnesses), poor subjective health (OR=6.268), functional impairments (OR=2.340), a history of falling (OR=7.062), and depression (OR=1.774). The ORs for each of these risk factors were particularly high in participants with a severe fear of falling. Particularly, a history of falling and/or poor subjective health status had strong independent associations with the fear of falling. The present findings may help health care professionals identify individuals that would benefit from interventions aimed at reducing the fear of falling.
The Development of the Korean Medication Algorithm for Major Depressive Disorder
MinSoo Lee,SeWon Lim,JiHyun Cha,SangKeun Chung,KwangSu Kim,Siegfried Kasper,the Executive Committee for the Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Major Depressive Disorder 대한신경정신의학회 2005 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.2 No.2
There are many differences in the biological characteristics, clinical situations, and medical insurance systems between ethnic groups or countries. Consequently, there is a need for a specific Korean algorithm for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Therefore, the Korean society of depressive and bipolar disorder decided to develop the Korean Medication Algorithm for Major Depressive Disorder (KMA-MDD). The Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Major Depressive Disorder (KMAP-MDD) was designed with the goal of developing: 1) ideal algorithm, 2) Korean algorithm, 3) medication algorithm, 4) evidence-based and formal consensus algorithm. After collecting and reviewing many articles and reports by the evidence-based rule, we constructed a survey questionnaire designed to obtain the formal consensus of Korean experts. By employing panels of experts to review the collected evidences and survey results thoroughly, we used evidence based algorithm development as a component of the formal consensus development process. The KMA-MDD consists of two algorithms: one for major depressive disorder without psychotic features and the other for major depressive disorder with psychotic features. Clinical guidelines for the implementation of KMA-MDD were also developed. The KMA-MDD provides specific treatment strategies for each stage. The KMA-MDD is the first Korean algorithm for the treatment of major depressive disorder. It is based on evidence supporting the efficacy of each treatment modality and has obtained the consensus of Korean experts. We hope that the KMAMDD will be a good practical tool for clinicians who treat major depressive disorder in Korea.
김용(Yong Kim),한명일(Myeong Il Han),박종일(Jong-Il Park),정상근(SangKeun Chung) 대한노인정신의학회 2021 노인정신의학 Vol.25 No.2
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the related factors of elderly depression among Korean adults aged 60 years and above. Methods: From the database of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2018, data of 2,288 adults over age 60 who responded to the questionnaires of health interview were included in this study. We analyzed the data using logistic regression analysis. Results: According to our results, the number of chronic diseases seemed to be associated with depression in elderly people, especially when they have more than 4 chronic diseases. Poorer self-rated health was identified as a significant factor and the odd ratio was the highest among all independent variables in our study. Walking over 10 minutes more than 4 times a week was considered as a protective factor for elderly depression. The association between education level and depression was inconsistent. Variables such as female gender, single status, smoking showed statistically insignificant results. Older age itself was not identified as a risk factor as odd ratios of all groups (over age 65) compared to reference group (age 60-64) were below 1. Conclusion: This study confirms several related factors for elderly depression. Having more than 4 chronic diseases, poorer self-rated health were identified as a significant risk factor for depression. Regular walking was considered as a protective factor for elderly depression. The knowledge of these factors might help to manage risks of elderly depression and devise early intervention approaches.
JongIl Park,ShiHa Shim,Myeongmi Lee,YoungEun Jung,TaeWon Park,SeonHee Park,YongJin Im,JongChul Yang,YoungChul Chung,SangKeun Chung 대한신경정신의학회 2014 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.11 No.3
Objective-The purpose of this study is to examine the validity of primary screening tools for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a community-based sample of children using the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) and the Korean version of the ADHD Rating Scale (K-ARS). Methods-A large-scale community-based study for ADHD screening was conducted in the Jeollabuk province in the Republic of Korea. In 2010–2011, we surveyed a total of 49,088 first- and fourth-grade elementary school students. All of the participants in this study were assessed by the K-ARS-Parent version (K-ARS-P) and the K-ARS-Teacher version (K-ARS-T) as the primary screening instruments. The Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (DISC-IV) was used for confirming the diagnosis of ADHD. DISC-IV was administered to subjects who received top 10% scores in the K-ARS-P or K-ARS-T tests. Results-Of the 3,085 subjects who completed the DISC-IV, 1,215 were diagnosed as having ADHD. A reasonable level of sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value were obtained when the total K-ARS-P scores were ≥90th percentile. The positive predictive value and specificity increased significantly when the total K-ARS-P scores were ≥90th percentile, T scores were ≥60 in the attention problems of K-CBCL, and T scores were ≥63 in the total problems of K-CBCL Conclusion-These results suggested that the K-ARS-P could effectively serve as a primary screening tool to identify elementary school children with ADHD in the community. Also, there might be some increment in the effectiveness of K-ARS-P when combined with KCBCL-A and K-CBCL-T as a secondary screening tool.
Relationship between Personality and Insomnia in Panic Disorder Patients
HaeRan Na,EunHo Kang,BumHee Yu,JongMin Woo,YoulRi Kim,SeungHwan Lee,EuiJung Kim,SangYeol Lee,SangKeun Chung 대한신경정신의학회 2011 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.8 No.2
Objective-Panic disorder (PD) is frequently comorbid with insomnia, which could exacerbate panic symptoms and contribute to PD relapse. Research has suggested that characteristics are implicated in both PD and insomnia. However, there are no reports examining whether temperament and character affect insomnia in PD. Thus, we examined the relationship between insomnia and personality ch-aracteristics in PD patients. Methods-Participants were 101 patients, recruited from 6 university hospitals in Korea, who met the DSM-IV-TR criteria for PD. We as-sessed sleep outcomes using the sleep items of 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17)(item 4=onset latency, item 5= middle awakening, and item 6=early awakening) and used the Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised-Short to assess personality characteristics. To examine the relationship between personality and insomnia, we used analysis of variance with age, sex, and severity of depression (total HAMD scores minus sum of the three sleep items) as the covariates. Results-There were no statistical differences (p>0.1) in demographic and clinical data between patients with and without insomnia. Initial insomnia (delayed sleep onset) correlated to a high score on the temperamental dimension of novelty seeking 3 (NS3)(F1,96=6.93, p=0.03). There were no statistical differences (p>0.1) in NS3 between patients with and without middle or terminal insomnia. Conclusion-The present study suggests that higher NS3 is related to the development of initial insomnia in PD and that temperament and character should be considered when assessing sleep problems in PD patients.
범불안장애 환자의 스트레스 대처방식과 신체증상 지각에 대한 인지적 특성
김용,박종일,박태원,정상근,양종철,Kim, Yong,Park, Jong-Il,Park, Tae-Won,Chung, SangKeun,Yang, Jong-Chul 대한불안의학회 2017 대한불안의학회지 Vol.13 No.2
Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate strategies used to cope with stress and the cognitive characteristics of somatic symptom perception in patients with generalized anxiety disorder(GAD). Methods : A total of 55 patients meeting DSM-5 criteria for GAD and 55 normal controls were recruited for participation in this study. We evaluated subjects using The Way of Stress Coping Questionnaire (SCQ), Somato-Sensory Amplification Scale (SSAS), Symptom Interpretation Questionnaire (SIQ), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder for 7 Item (GAD-7). We analyzed data using an independent t-test and Pearson's correlation analysis. Results : In terms of SCQ, GAD patients presented significantly lower scores on seeking social support and higher scores on wishful thinking than normal controls. GAD patients had significantly greater amplification of physical sensation in SSAS and higher scores in physical, psychological interpretation subsets of SIQ than normal controls. GAD-7 scores were positively correlated with physical interpretation scores on SIQ. Conclusion : Results reveal that patients with GAD have insufficient coping strategies for stress, greater amplification of body sensations, and tendency towards a physical, psychological interpretation of somatic symptoms.