규칙적인 운동 참여와 정신 건강

강성구,김극로 群山大學校 1997 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

This study examined the effects of an 10-week aerobic exercise program on mood states. Subjects participated 70 persons ranging of age from 29 to 65 years. The profile of Mood States(POMS) was also completed before and after the sport dance. Bong-san fork dance charming disco. The results consistent with previous research, the present study also found improvements in mood following exercise on positive factors of the POMS scales but indicated decrease in mood following exercise on negative factors of POMS scales.

잡초성벼의 superoxide dismutase cDNA cloning과 재배벼로의 형질전환

박상규,박종석,이승인,서석철,김병극,조윤래,서학수 한국환경농학회 2002 한국환경농학회지 Vol.21 No.2

냉해나 한발등의 환경스트레스에 대해 저항성을 유발하는 유전자를 환경스트레스에 강한 잡초성벼로부터 선발하고 이들 유전자를 재배벼에 도입하여 도입유전자 산물의 과량 발현을 통해 냉해나 한발 등에 대한 저항성이 향상된 벼를 선발하고자 하였다. 잡초성벼인 Bhutan 14Ad로부터 냉해 및 한발 저항성 유전자로 알려진 superoxide dismutase (SOD) cDNA를 분리하고자 mRNA를 분리하고 이 분리된 mRNA를 이용해 reverse transcriptase PCR방법으로 SOD cDNA를 cloning 하였다. 그 결과 2종의 SOD cDNA가 cloning되어 SOD-A, SOD-B로 명명하였다. 이들 cDNA의 염기서열을 결정한 결과 이들은 아미노산 서열 상동성이 88.4%를 나타내었으며, SOD-A는 oryza sativa 계열의 Cu/Zn SOD유전자인 GenBank accession No. L36320와 99.3%로 동일하였으며, SOD-B는 accession No. D01000과 100% 동일하였다. 이들 SOD-A와 SOD-B cDNA를 재배벼인 낙동벼에 형질전환하여 형질전환체 벼를 선발하였으며, 이들 형질전환체 벼의 냉해저항성 및 한발저항성 검정을 통해 저항성이 향상된 형질전환체 벼를 선발하고 있다. Two different cDNA clones for superoxide dismutase (SOD) were isolated from an weedy rice variety (Oryza sativa, cv. Bhutanl4Ad) and were introduced into a cultivated rice variety (Oryza sativa, cv. Nakdong) in order to develop the environmental stress-resistant rice plants. Sequence analysis of the cloned cDNAs indicated that the deduced amino acid sequence of SOD-A is 88.4% identical to that of SOD-B. Furthermore, the nucleotide sequence of SOD-A is 99.3% identical to that of a Cu/Zn SOD gene of Oryza sativa (GenBank accession No. L36320). The nucleotide sequence of SOD-B was identical to that of the previously published SOD gene (Accession No. D01000). A cultivated rice variety, Nakdong-byeo, was transformed with chimenc SOD genes containing a actin promoter of rice and pin2 terminator using a particle bombardment technique. Transformed calli were selected on an selection medium containing phosphinothricin (PPT). Transgenic rice plants were regenerated from the PPT-resistant calli. PCR analysis with genomic DNAs from transgenic plants revealed that transgenes are introduced into rice genome.

MIN 모듈을 갖는 Hidden Markov Model의 학습 방법에 관한 연구

김대극,이정주,정호균,이상희 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2001 정보통신논문지 Vol.5 No.-

In this paper, we propose the HMM with the MIN module. Because initial and re-estimated variance vectors are important elements for performance in HMM recognition systems, we propose a method which compensates for the mismatched statistical feature of training and test data. The MIN module is an element of the generalized learning vector quantization (GLVQ) network, which generalizes learning conditions of LVQ and minimizes errors of the cost function given to generate optimized reference vectors. The proposed hybrid HMM/MIN module is a unified network in which the observation probability in the HMM is replaced by the MIN module neural network. Two kinds of experiments were performed to compare the performance of the proposed HMM and the conventional HMM.

초격자 고경도 나노 다층막 소재의 복합경도 해석을 통한 계면 강화 효과 분석

김성훈,이윤희,박종극,백영준,권동일 대한금속재료학회 2003 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.41 No.12

Multilayer coatings consisting of very thin layers of nitride materials deposited by magnetron sputtering (sometimes called superlattices) exhibit hardnesses over 50 GPa, much higher than that of single layers. Several explanations for this hardness increase have been proposed, including dislocation blocking by layer interfaces, Hall- Petch strengthening, strain effects at layer interfaces, and the supermodulus effect. Among these, dislocation blocking has been generally accepted as a dominant factor in large hardness enhancement. However, the interface between two materials consisting of multilayers is broadened due to interdiffusion. The magnitude of hardness enhancement by the interface has not yet been quantified for real systems. In this study, the concept of composite hardness is introduced to quantify the interface-related hardness enhancement. We suggest a composite hardness equation and quantifythe magnitude of hardness increase by using an equation based on the interface hardness and the interface thickness derived by comparing results derived from this equation and those determined in nanoindentation tests. Three multilayer systems, such as TiN/VN, TiN/NbN and CrN/NbN were used in the equation.

各種 刊疾患患者에 있어서의 HBs-Ag, Anti-HBs 및 AFP의 檢出率에 關한 檢討

李相彩,鄭克守 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1981 慶北醫大誌 Vol.22 No.1

우리나라에서 비교적 흔히 관찰되는 급만성 간염 간경변증, 간암 및 기타의 간질환에서 HBV와의 관련성을 조사하는 한 방편으로서 각종 간질환 357례를 대상으로 하여 이들의 혈청 HBs-Ag, Anti HBs 및 AFP을 그 예민도에 있어서 RIA와 대등하다고 알려진 RPHA방법으로서 검사하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1. HBs-Ag의 출현율은 평균 45.1% 였으며, 만성 간염에서 61.4%로 가장 높은 검출율을 보였고, 급성 바이러스성 간염(55.3%), 간암(48.1%), 간경변증(41.2%)의 순서를 나타냈으며, HBV와 무관하다고 생각되는 기타의 간질환의 경우는 5.0%의 성적을 보였다. 또한 생검으로 확진된 예와 임상적으로 진단된 예는 서로 유의한 차이는 없었으나, 생검예에서는 만성 활동성 간질환이 만성 비활동성 간질환에 비하여 고율로 나타났다. 2. AFP의 출현율은 평균 11.5%였으며, 이들중 간암이 대부분으로 42.0%의 출현율을 보였으나 만성 간염(4.5%), 간경변증(2.4%), 급성 바이러스성 간염(2.1%)의 순서로 나타났다. 3. Anti-HBs 검출율은 평균 62.0%였으며 비활동형 간경변증에서 87.5%로 가장 높은 검출율을 보였으며, 급성 바이러스성 간염, 만성 간염, 간암 및 활동형 간경변증의 순서로 나타났으나 HBV의 감염과 특별한 관련성이 없다고 생각되는 기타의 간질환군에서 57.9%의 성적을 보여서 이는 우리나라가 B형 간염이 많이 관찰되는 지역이라는 근거를 제시하고 있다. 4. 간암환자에서 HBs-Ag 양성과 AFP의 양성사이에는 상당한 관계가 있음을 보여 주었다. 5. 이상의 성적으로서 우리나라에서 유행하는 각종 간질환은 HBV와 밀접한 관련성이 있는 질환의 일종으로 생각된다. A study was done in order to evaluate the etiologic correlation between hepatitis B virus and various diseases of the liver, prevalent in Korea, sera from 357 patients with liver diseases were examined for HBs-Ag and AFP by reverse passive hemagglutination assay (RPHA) technique. Among 357 cases, 170 cases were proved by percutaneous needle biopsy or aspiration cytology and 187 cases were diagnosed clinically. Distributions by disease entity showed liver cirrhosis 46.2% (165 cases), hepatocelluar carcinoma 22.7% (81 cases), acute viral hepatitis 13.2% (47 cases), chronic hepatitis 12.3% (44 cases) and miscellaneous liver diseases 5.6% (10 cases) unrelated to hepatitis B virus infection. The results were summarized as followings: 1. The average incidence of HBs-Ag in patients with various diseases of the liver was 45.9%, but the peak incidence of HBs-Ag ranked as 61.4% in chronic hepatitis and the incidence of HBs-Ag in acute viral hepatitis was 55.3%, hepatocellular carcioma 48.1%, liver cirrhosis 41.2% and the miscellaneous diseases of the liver 5.0%. 2. The incidence of AFP in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was 42.0%, chronic hepatitis 4.5% (2 of 44), liver cirrhosis 2.4% (4 of 165) and acute viral hepatitis 2.1% (1 of 47). 3. The incidence of Anti-HBs in patients with inactive liver cirrhosis was 87.5% and the next ranking showed as acute viral heptitis, chronic hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma and active livercirrhosis. But the incidence of Anti-HBs in patients with miscellaneous diseases of the liver that might be thought to be unrelated to hepatitis B virus infection was exceptionally high as 57.9%. This result suggested indirect evidence of the fact that Korea was one of the nations for prevalent hepatitis B virus infection. The average incidence of HBs-Ag in patients with various diseases of the liver was 62.0%. 4. The correlation between of HBs-Ag in positivity and the detectability of AFP in case with hepatocellular carcinoma was closely related significantly. 5. In conclusion, we condsidered the various diseases of the liver which were prevalent in Korea to be closely related to a spectrum of hepatitis B virus.

복지근피판 거상후 공여부의 재건술

윤정섭,이상헌,신극선,이훈범 대한성형외과학회 1992 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.19 No.3

Post radical mastectomy reconstruction using a transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap involves certain problems at the donor site as the difficulty in closure secondary to excessive tension and the development of a postsurgical abdominal hernia. The usage of alloplastic materials such as Marlex may also cause eventual weakness as well as a foreign body reaction. While autogenous tissues may be used for a remote myocutaneous flap transposition or a free-tissue transfer, the problems such as a donor site defect, atrophy secondary to denervation, etc. exist. To avert these problems, we propose to use the autogenous tissue in a manner that provides a dynamic support in addition to the functional reconstruction. The components separation method decribed here separates the muscle groups of the abdominal wall, and allows several advantages over treating the abdominal wall as a single unit. One of the advantages is the increased mobility of individual muscles. The allows transferance of the flap over a greater distance which in turn reduces excessive tension and makes closure of the donor site defect easier. Thus, this procedure provides a dynamic support and reduces the incidence of hernia. We experienced 3 cases of abdominal wall reconstruction after TRAM flap transfer(one case after bilateral TRAM flap, two cases after contralateral unilateral TRAM flap) using external oblique muscle sharing or rectus sharing. So we present clinical cases of the abdominal wall reconstruction after TRAM flap transfer with a review of the literature.

유전자 알고리즘을 이용한 영상의 경계선 검출

이정주,김대극,이상희 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 1999 정보통신논문지 Vol.3 No.-

Edge detection is an important preprocessing step to obtain highly acceptable informations in computer vision and image analysis. We suggest a modified genetic algorithms for fitting edge to separate an object from its background noises. In this paper, an edge is defined as the highest energy state of a given initial position, and the edge detection problem is regarded as a search problem which find the global optimal energy state. We used a modified genetic algorithm for this purpose. The genetic algorithm, based on a random search and a parallel test-and-go technique, provides a useful edge detection without changing critical threshold values, and a prior knowledge in images. To demonstrate the capability of the proposed edge detection algorithm, we test on the various different images transformed form Lena for image by other constraint.

初乳의 效果的 保存 方法에 관한 硏究

崔暻文,房極勝,金榮吉,金大鎭 東亞大學校 1979 東亞論叢 Vol.16 No.2

餘分의 初乳를 效果的으로 保存하기 爲한 方法을 追求하고저 자연발효, 산처리, 항생제처리 및 Starter 처리 등을 하여 22℃에서 33℃로 보존하였던바 다음과과 같은 結論을 얻었다. 1. pH는 보존 10일 이내에 6에서 4.1∼4.3까지 떨어졌으며 그 이후는 별 차이가 없었다. 2. 各 處理에서 總細菌數, 大腸菌數, 醋酸菌數는 초기 3일 까지 급격히 증가하였고 이후 대장균은 점차 감소하였으나 총세균수 및 유산균수는 10일 以後는 별 변화가 없었다. 3. 대장균수는 산처리구에서 제일 낮았으며 유산균수는 Starter 처리구에서 초기 증가가 높았고 항생제 처리구에서 대장균군의 억제는 볼 수 없었으며 유산균은 억제되었다. 4. 총고형물함량, 유지방, 유당은 저장기간 중에 냉동처리구에서 손실량이 거의 없었으나 산처리구, 항생제처리구, Starter처리구, 자연발효처리구의 순으로 손실이컸다. 5. 적정산도는 저장후 10일 내에 급격히 증가하였으나 그 이후는 증가가 와만하였고 자연발효구와 Starter처리구에서 가장 산도가 높았으며 항생재처리구와 냉동처리구에서 낮았다. 6. 미생물 및 영양 성분의 변화로 보아 냉동처리구가 가장 우수하였고 그 다음은 산처리구였으며 자연발효구가 가장 손실이 컸다. This study was made to find out the effective and convenient preserving methods of surplus colostrum for dairy farms. Colostrum from 5 cows, was divided into the following treatments:naturally fdrmented, acetic acid treated, antibiotics treated, starter treated and frozen. The results on the microbiological and nutritional change of treated colostrum strore during warm ambient temperature from 22' to 33'C are summarized as follwoings : 1. pH of fresh colostrum was decreased to 4.1 to 4.3 within 10 days of storage, and no more decline was observed in preserved colostrum after 10 days. 2. Number of total bacteria, coliform bacteria and lactic acid producing bacteria increased rapidly during the first 3 days of fermentation. After 3 days of storage nember of coliform bacteria declined whereas number of total bacteria and lactic acid producing bacteria were not changed greatly. 3. Number of coliform bacteria was lowest in acid treated colostrum and early increased lactic acid producing bacteria was observed in starter treated group. Antibiotics treatment failed to decrease number of coliform bacteria, on the other hand lactic acid producing bacteria was inhibited by antibiotics added. 4. Total solids, fat and lactose in colostrum decreased with storage time in all treatments. However, the losses were highest in naturally fermented colostrum of all treatments. with nearly no loss in frozen colostrum. 5. No significant loss of total N was observed, however and colostral NPN increased rapidly with storage time in all treatments, with highest increase in naturally fermented colostrum. Immunoglobulins were not decreased during storage time. 6. Rapidly decreasing titratable acidily was observed in 10 days of storage especially in naturally fermented, acid treated and starter treated colostrum. 7. In conclusion, frozen colostrum was identified perfect method of preservation and acid treatment was also effective and economical on microbiological and nutritional viewpoint.

電氣的 開始法에 의한 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate의 重合과 이들 膜의 電氣的 性質

黃正儀,鄭倧在,車星極 慶北大學校 1978 論文集 Vol.25-26 No.-

The electroinitiated polymerization of 2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate (HEMA) has been studied at the various voltages, from 2 to 2500 volts. The rate of polymerization was increased with increasing voltages. It was supposed that the orientation and migration effect of monomer accelerating the rate. The membranes were molded between two separated glass plates. These membranes have been used to measure the membrane potentials and the transport number of Na^+ ion and water. The measured membrane potentials and calculated values, which were related by Scatchard theory, gave satisfactory agreement below 0.1m. This was due to permselectivity of HEMA membranes, which had high fixed-OH group in the pore as a pendent. The main deviations of measured membrane potentials (E_c) and the maximum possible values of electrical potentials (E_max) were due to transport numbers of Cl^-ion and water. Therefore it seems to be make an useful strong hemodialysis HEMA membranes by electroinitiated grafting polymerization.

몇가지 사시나무속 수종 수피의 추출성분

함연호,배영수,김진규,이상극 한국목재공학회 2002 목재공학 Vol.30 No.1

사시나무속의 현사시, 이태리포플러 및 양황철나무 수피를 아세톤-물(7:3)로 추출한 후 농축하고 헥산, 클로로포름, 에틸아세테이트 및 수용성으로 분획하여 동결건조하였다. 각 추출물은 메탄올 수용액 및 에탄올-헥산 혼합액을 사용하여 Sephadex LH-20 칼럼크로마토그래피로 화합물을 분리한 후 TBA 및 6% 초산으로 전개하는 셀룰로오스 박층크로마토그래피로 단리 여부를 확인하였다. 단리된 화합물의 구조는 ^1H, ^l3C 및 2D-NMR과 질량분석에 의하여 결정되었다. 사시나무속 수종의 추출성분은 주로 flavonoid와 salicin 파생물로 구성되어 있으며 세 종류의 수종에서 모두 15개의 화합물이 분리되었다. 현사시나무에서는 (+)-catechin, naringenin, eriodictyol, sakuranetin, aromadendrin, taxifolin, sakuranetin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, neosaturanin, p-coumaric acid, salireposide와 aesculin이 단리되어 가장 많은 종류의 화합물을 포함하고 있었으며 이태리포플러에서는 (+)-catechin, salireposide, populoside와 salicortin이, 양황철나무에서는 (+)-catechin, padmatin, quercetin, salireposide, populoside와 salicortin이 단리되었다. The bark of P. alba ×glandulosa, P. euramericana and P. nigra ×maximowiczii F_1, several Populus trees, were collected, extracted with acetone-H_2O(7:3, v/v), fractionated with hexane, chloroform and ethylacetate, and freeze dried to give some dark brown powder. Each fraction of the powder was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using a series of aqueous methanol and ethanol-hexane mixture as eluents and then identified by thin layer chromatography using TBA and 6% acetic acid as developing solvents. The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized by ^1H, ^13C and 2D-NMR tools including mass spectrometry. Most of the compounds were flavonoids and salicin derivatives as follows: (+)-catechin, taxifolin, aromadendrin, eriodictyol, naringenin, sakuranetin, sakuranetin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, neosaturanin, salireposide, p-coumaric acid, and aesculin from P. alba ×glandulosa, (+)-catechin, salireposide, populoside and salicortin from P. euramericana and (+)-catechin, quercetin, padmatin, salireposide, populoside and salicortin from P. nigra ×maximowiczii F_1.