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유상신,이순흠 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 1999 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.5 No.1
In this paper, we study on a synchronized conferencing system which provides both intra-media and inter-media synchronization function using the synchronization controller. The synchronization controller provides lip-synchronization between audio and video signals using the buffering-level adaptation.
유상신,이순흠 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 1999 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.5 No.1
In this paper, we study on the interoperability between the traditional telephone, connected to the circuit-switched networks, and the internet phone, connected to the Internet, respectively. Especially, we focus on the necessity and possibility of interoperability, and furthermore derives the necessary requirements of interoperability. For this purpose, we analyze both ISDN and Internet signalling system, that are closely related with the interworking. We also investigate the basic call processing parts of each system using the state transition diagrams and the signalling procedures. Then, we model the signalling protocol for gateway systems using the Petri-Net model. Through reachability trees of the Petri-Net model, we confirm that interoperability is possible, and that characteristics of deadlock, liveness, and boundness are satisfied. Finally, we describe the design of interworking function that converts the differences of two signalling systems.
만성 간장 질환자에서 뇌 MRI 상의 pallidal index와 생물학적 망간지표들 간의 관련성
최영희,박능화,신정우,김효경,김성률,정태흠,박지강,이헌,유철인,이충렬,이지호,김양호 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.2
목적 : 만성 간장 질환자를 대상으로 T1강조 자기공명영상(MRI)에서 나타나는 담창구 부위의 고신호강도 소견(pallidal index, PI)과 생물학적 망간 지표들 간의 관련성을 알아본다. 방법 : B형간염 바이러스에 의한 간경변증으로 진단 받은 40세 이상의 환자 31명과 정상 대조군 10명을 대상으로 설문조사와 혈액 및 소변검사, 뇌 MRI를 시행하였다. 전체 41명 가운데 검사 전 수혈을 받았던 환자군 9명을 제외하고 전체 32명의 자료를 분석하였다. 망간 축적에 관련된 객관적 지표로서 T1 강조 MRI에서 나타나는 담창구 부위의 고신호강도를 전두부 백색질 신호강도로 나눈 수에 100을 곱하여 구한 PI를 택하였다. 환자군과 대조군 사이의 PI와 망간농도들의 평균을 비교하였다. 여러 변수들과 PI와의 상관성을 보기 위해서는 상관분석을 시행하였다. 결과 : 간장 질환자 22명 가운데 18명(81.8%)에서 뇌 MRI 상 고신호강도가 나타났다. 대조군 10명에서는 아무도 MRI 소견상 고신호강도가 나타나지 않았다. 간장 질환자에서의 평균 PI는 122.62로 대조군의 106.23보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.01). 간장 질환자의 전혈에서 망간농도는 2.34㎍/㎗으로 대조군의 1.44㎍/㎗와 비교하여 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 혈장과 소변 내 망간농도는 대조군에서 다소 높게 나타났으나, 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 또한 혈색소, 빌리루빈, AST가 대조군과 환자군 사이에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 전혈(p=0.489, P<0.01, n=29)과 적혈구(p=0.573, P<0.01, n=22) 내 망간농도와 PI 사이에는 각각 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 그러나 혈장과 소변 내 망간 농도와 PI와의 상관관계는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 총빌리루빈 또한 PI와 유의한 상관관계를 나타내었다(p=0.509, P<0.01, n=32). 결론 : 전혈 또는 적혈구 내의 망간 농도가 뇌 내 망간 침착으로 인한 T1 강조 MRI상 담창구 부위의 고신호 강도를 잘 반영하는 유용한 지표이다. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to clarify which biological manganese exposure indices reflect the pallidal signal intensities in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in liver cirrhotics. Methods: We examined whole blood, plasma, RBC and urinary manganese concentrations, as well as, brain MRI in 22 cirrhotic patients and 10 healthy controls. From MRI scans we calculated the signal intensity of the globus pallidus using the pallidal index (PI), the ratio of the globus pallidus to subcortical frontal white-matter signal intensity in axial T1 -weighted MRl planes multiplied by 100. In addition, we studied the relationships between PI and other measurements. Results: The high signal intensity in the globus pallidus on T1-weighted MRI was observed in 18 (81.8%) patients. There was a significant correlation between whole blood and RBC manganese concentration, and PI on MRI. According to multiple linear regression, whole blood and RBC manganese concentration reflected PI on MRI better the other indices did. Conclusions: Whole blood and RBC manganese concentrations could be useful as biological manganese exposure indices that reflect PI on MRI.
( Jae Min Shin ),( Tae Hoon Lee ),( Sang Heum Park ),( Sang Goo Kang ),( Yeon Seon Lee ),( Suk Ja Park ),( Mi Gyeong Ku ),( Suck Ho Lee ),( Il Kwun Chung ),( Hyun Jong Choi ),( Jong Ho Moon ),( Sang W 대한소화기학회 2013 Gut and Liver Vol.7 No.1
Background/Aims: During endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), all efforts should be made to be aware of radiation hazards and to reduce radiation exposure. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of radiation protective equipment and the awareness of radiation exposure in health care providers performing ERCP in Korean hospitals. Methods: A survey with a total of 42 questions was sent to each respondent via mail or e-mail between October 2010 and March 2011. The survey targeted nurses and radiation technicians who participated in ERCP in secondary or tertiary referral centers. Results: A total of 78 providers from 38 hospitals responded to the surveys (response rate, 52%). The preparation and actual utilization rates of protective equipment were 55.3% and 61.9% for lead shields, 100% and 98.7% for lead aprons, 47.4% and 37.8% for lead glasses, 97.4% and 94.7% for thyroid shields, and 57.7% and 68.9% for radiation dosimeters, respectively. The common reason for not wearing protective equipment was that the equipment was bothersome, according to 45.7% of the respondents. Conclusions: More protective equipment, such as lead shields and lead glasses, should be provided to health care providers involved in ERCP. In particular, the actual utilization rate for lead glasses was very low. (Gut Liver 2013;7:100-105)
이상석,신동엽,연준흠,홍기혁,손지영,하경호 대한마취과학회 1998 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.35 No.2
We experienced a case of lumbar epidural lipomatosis patient who had been treated with several epidural steroid injection for the management of lower back pain. This 67-years-old man, complained of lower back pain and radiating paresthetic pain to the dorsum of left foot. Epidural lipomatosis is a rare condition of focal or multiple deposition of excessive adipose tissue in epidural space. Since excessive deposited adipose tissue compresses the spinal cord or spinal root, patients complaint the atypical low back pain and low extremity radiculopathy which mimics the symptoms of spinal stenosis or herniated nucleus pulposus. In managing of lower back pain patient, especially who had been treated with steroid previously, we should consider that epidural lipomatois would be one of the cause. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1998; 35: 381∼384)