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The Role of (111)MgO Underlayer in Growth of c-axis Oriented Barium Ferrite Films
D. W. Erickson,Y. K. Hong,S. H. Gee,T. Tanaka,M. H. Park,I. T. Nam 한국자기학회 2004 Journal of Magnetics Vol.9 No.4
Hexagonal barium-ferrite (BaFe₁₂O_(19), magnetoplumbite structure; BaM) film with perpendicularly c-axis orientation was successfully deposited on (100) silicon substrates with an MgO (111) underlayer by rf diode sputtering and in-situ heating at 920 ℃. The magnetic and structural properties of 0.27 ㎛ thick BaM films on MgO (111) underlayers were compared to films of the same thickness deposited onto single-crystal MgO (111) and c-plane (000ι) sapphire (Al₂O₃) substrates by vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), x-ray diffractometer (XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The thickness dependence of MgO (111) underlayers on silicon wafer was found to have a large effect on both magnetic and structural properties of the BaM film. The thickness of 15 ㎚ MgO (111) underlayers produced BaM films with almost identical magnetic and structural properties as the single-crystal substrates; this can be explained by the lower surface roughness for thinner underlayer thicknesses. The magnetization saturation (Ms) and the ratio H_(c∥)/H_(c⊥) for the BaM film with a 15 ㎚ MgO (111) underlayer is 217 emu/cc and 0.24, respectively. This is similar to the results for the BaM films deposited on the single-crystal MgO (111) and sapphire substrates of 197 emu/cc and 0.10, 200 emu/cc and 0.12, respectively. Therefore, the proposed MgO (111) underlayer can be used in many applications to promote c-axis orientation without the cost of expensive substrates.
Inhibition of sulfide mineral oxidation by surface coating agents: Batch and field studies
Ji, M.K.,Gee, E.D.,Yun, H.S.,Lee, W.R.,Park, Y.T.,Khan, M.A.,Jeon, B.H.,Choi, J. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2012 Journal of hazardous materials Vol.229 No.-
The potential of several surface coating agents to inhibit the oxidation of metal sulfide minerals from Young-Dong coal mine and the Il-Gwang gold mine was examined by conducting laboratory scale batch experiments and field tests. Powdered pyrite as a standard sulfide mineral and rock samples from two mine outcrops were mixed with six coating agents (KH<SUB>2</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB>, MgO and KMnO<SUB>4</SUB> as chemical agents, and apatite, cement and manganite as mineral agents) and incubated with oxidizing agents (H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> or NaClO). For the observed time period (8 days), Young-Dong coal mine samples exhibited the least sulfate (SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP>) production in the presence of KMnO<SUB>4</SUB> (16%) or cement (4%) while, for Il-Gwang mine samples, the least SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> production was observed in presence of KH<SUB>2</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB> (8%) or cement (2%) compared to control. Field-scale pilot tests at the Il-Gwang site also showed that addition of KH<SUB>2</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB> decreased SO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>2-</SUP> production from 200 to 13mgL<SUP>-1</SUP> and it also reduced Cu and Mn from 8 and 3mgL<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively to <0.05mgL<SUP>-1</SUP> (below ICP-OES detection limits). The experimental results suggested that the use of surface coating agents is a promising alternative for sulfide oxidation inhibition at acid mine drainage sites.
A synonymous variation in protease-activated receptor-2 is associated with atopy in Korean children
Lee, J.H.,Kim, K.W.,Gee, H.Y.,Lee, J.,Lee, K.H.,Park, H.S.,Kim, S.H.,Kim, S.W.,Kim, M.N.,Kim, K.E.,Kim, K.H.,Lee, M.G.,Sohn, M.H. Mosby 2011 The journal of allergy and clinical immunology Vol.128 No.6
Background: Atopic diseases are the most common chronic diseases of childhood, and the genetics of atopy are complex and heterogeneous. Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) is involved in various inflammatory diseases, but the association of PAR-2 with allergic diseases remains unclear. Objective: To examine the contribution of genetic variation of PAR-2 to atopic phenotypes in the Korean childhood cohort. Methods: We identified PAR-2 variations in a Korean population and conducted association analyses by using 316 unrelated atopic and 210 nonatopic subjects. We analyzed serum IgE and total eosinophil count levels and examined PAR-2 mRNA and protein expression levels. Results: In the case-control association analysis, atopy was significantly associated with a single c.621C>T (p.I207I, rs631465) polymorphism of PAR-2 (P = .001, odds ratio = 1.95). Subjects with the c.621T risk allele had significantly higher serum IgE (P = .004) and total eosinophil count (P = .03) levels. Moreover, the positive association of c.621T was reproduced in the replication study (P = .01, joint P value of the replication < .001). An in silico analysis of RNA secondary structure prediction revealed that the C to T conversion at c.621 greatly increased predicted PAR-2 mRNA stability. This was also confirmed by an in vitro assay for mRNA stability. Furthermore, following an in vivo approach on gene expression in PBMCs showed that the expression levels of PAR-2 mRNA and protein in subjects with the c.621CT or TT genotype were significantly higher than in those with the c.621CC genotype. Conclusions: These results indicate that the synonymous c.621C>T polymorphism in PAR-2 might be associated with the risk of atopy, potentially by altering PAR-2 gene expression.
Oh, C.‐,M.,Chun, S.,Lee, J.‐,E.,Lee, J.S.,Park, S.,Gee, H.Y.,Kim, S.W. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2017 Clinical genetics Vol.92 No.3
<P>A novel missense mutation (c.775T>C; p.ser259Pro) in the <I>NROBI</I> gene cause a late‐onset adrenal insufficiency without hypogonadism.</P>
α-Fe₂O₃ 나노 입자에서 Spin - Flop에 관한 연구
서정철(Jung Chul Sur),박철진(Chul Jin Park),최정완(Jung Wan Choi),S. H. Gee(S. H. Gee),Y. K. Hong(Y. K. Hong) 한국자기학회 2004 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.14 No.5
We have synthesized monodispersed α-Fe₂O₃ nano particles to investigate the spin change during the Morin transition temperature(T_M). The particle size was founded to have a very uniform distribution of 80 ㎚ by x-ray diffraction and size dispersion analyzer. The Mossbauer spectra between the 4.2 K and the room temperature show that T_M was shifted and the spin states of Fe ion were changed with the particle size. The Morin transition temperature of bulk usually quoted in literature is 265 K but, it decreases with the size and no transition was found at the critical size down to 4.2K. The spin direction of 80 ㎚ sized particles are normal to the hexagonal c-axis above the TM and are tilted about 28-29°below T_M, which is the [110] direction of rombohedral structure.
Mutations in SLC26A1 Cause Nephrolithiasis
Gee, H.Y.,Jun, I.,Braun, D.A.,Lawson, J.A.,Halbritter, J.,Shril, S.,Nelson, C.P.,Tan, W.,Stein, D.,Wassner, A.J.,Ferguson, M.A.,Gucev, Z.,Sayer, J.A.,Milosevic, D.,Baum, M.,Tasic, V.,Lee, M.G.,Hildebr University of Chicago Press [etc.] 2016 American journal of human genetics Vol.98 No.6
<P>Nephrolithiasis, a condition in which urinary supersaturation leads to stone formation in the urinary system, affects about 5%-10% of individuals worldwide at some point in their lifetime and results in significant medical costs and morbidity. To date, mutations in more than 30 genes have been described as being associated with nephrolithiasis, and these mutations explain about 15% of kidney stone cases, suggesting that additional nephrolithiasis-associated genes remain to be discovered. To identify additional genes whose mutations are linked to nephrolithiasis, we performed targeted next-generation sequencing of 18 hypothesized candidate genes in 348 unrelated individuals with kidney stones. We detected biallelic mutations in SLC26A1 (solute carrier family 26 member 1) in two unrelated individuals with calcium oxalate kidney stones. We show by immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, and glycosylation analysis that the variant protein mimicking p.Thr185Met has defects in protein folding or trafficking. In addition, by measuring anion exchange activity of SLC26A1, we demonstrate that all the identified mutations in SLC26A1 result in decreased transporter activity. Our data identify SLC26A1 mutations as causing a recessive Mendelian form of nephrolithiasis.</P>