Ethnic Identity and Nationalism of Chinese Manchu in Cyberspace

Zhang Rongrong 인하대학교 다문화융합연구소 2019 다문화와 교육 Vol.4 No.1

Internet has been developing rapidly in China, which made Chinese multi-ethnic culture experience great deconstruction and reconstruction. Meanwhile, it provides sufficient discourse space for those who seldom had a chance to express themselves sufficiently in mass media in the past. Taking Chinese Manchu as an example, this article describes that Chinese minority members are making cultural expressions and performances in cyberspace and realizing the reconstruction and imagination of the traditional community with their conscience from “In Itself” to “For Itself” under the guide of minority elites. On the other hand, the virtual community has become a new public space for Chinese minorities to strive for political, economical and cultural discourse rights and legal interests, and an important power to promote Chinese democratic process.The Chinese concept of “harmonious but different”, which has been a virtue to maintain harmony from time immemorial, should also be a principle of dialogue among different civilizations. Only by this can a common homeland shared by all ethnic groups be cultivated in cyberspace.

Ginsenoside Rg1 Epigenetically Modulates Smad7 Expression in Liver Fibrosis via MicroRNA-152

Rongrong Zhang,Xinmiao Li,Yuxiang Gao,Qiqi Tao,Zhichao Lang,Yating Zhan,Chunxue Li,Jianjian Zheng 고려인삼학회 2023 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.47 No.4

Effect of different short-term high ambient temperature on chicken meat quality and ultra–structure

Minghao Zhang,Lixian Zhu,Yimin Zhang,Yanwei Mao,Mingyue Zhang,Pengcheng Dong,Lebao Niu,Xin Luo,Rongrong Liang 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.5

Objective: This study investigated the effect of different acute heat stress (HS) levels on chicken meat quality and ultra-structure. Methods: Chickens were randomly divided into 7 groups to receive different HS treatments: i) 36°C for 1 h, ii) 36°C for 2 h, iii) 38°C for 1 h, iv) 38°C for 2 h, v) 40°C for 1 h, vi) 40°C for 2 h, and vii) un-stressed control group (25°C). Blood cortisol level, breasts initial temperature, color, pH, water holding capacity (WHC), protein solubility and ultra-structure were analyzed. Results: HS temperatures had significant effects on breast meat temperature, lightness (L*), redness (a*), cooking loss and protein solubility (p<0.05). The HS at 36°C increased L*24 h value (p<0.01) and increased the cooking loss (p<0.05), but decreased a*24 h value (p<0.05). However, as the temperature increased to 38°C and 40°C, all the values of L*24 h, cooking loss and protein denaturation level decreased, and the differences disappeared compared to control group (p> 0.05). Only the ultimate pH24 h at 40°C decreased compared to the control group (p<0.01). The pH in 36°C group declined greater than other heat-stressed group in the first hour postmortem, which contributed breast muscle protein degeneration combining with high body temperature, and these variations reflected on poor meat quality parameters. The muscle fiber integrity level in group 40°C was much better than those in 36°C with the denatured position mainly focused on the interval of muscle fibers which probably contributes WHC and light reflection. Conclusion: HS at higher temperature (above 38°C) before slaughter did not always lead to more pale and lower WHC breast meat. Breast meat quality parameters had a regression trend as HS temperature raised from 36°C. The interval of muscle fibers at 24 h postmortem and greater pH decline rate with high body temperature in early postmortem period could be a reasonable explanation for the variation of meat quality parameters.

Average Modeling and Control of Module Multilevel Converter

Zhang, GuoJu,Chen, Yao,Qi, Lisa,Yu, Rongrong,Pan, Jiuping The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2014 The Journal of International Council on Electrical Vol.4 No.2

Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) has presents great potential in high power quality, low operation loss, scalability and high reliability, which make MMC a good choice for DC transmission, MV drive and other HV or MV applications. This paper describes the average modeling and control of MMC. Firstly, the operation principles of MMC are analyzed, based on which the average MMC model is deduced. Secondly, the control methods for DC voltage control, circulating current suppression, and capacitor voltage balancing, etc are developed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed average model is verified by comparing the simulation results of an MVDC distribution system using detailed MMC models. The correctness of the designed control methods also demonstrated through simulation. It is also proven to be feasible of using MMC in MVDC applications.

Bio-protective potential of lactic acid bacteria: Effect of Lactobacillus sakei and Lactobacillus curvatus on changes of the microbial community in vacuum-packaged chilled beef

Zhang, Yimin,Zhu, Lixian,Dong, Pengcheng,Liang, Rongrong,Mao, Yanwei,Qiu, Shubing,Luo, Xin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.4

Objective: This study was to determine the bacterial diversity and monitor the community dynamic changes during storage of vacuum-packaged sliced raw beef as affected by Lactobacillus sakei and Lactobacillus curvatus. Methods: L. sakei and L. curvatus were separately incubated in vacuumed-packaged raw beef as bio-protective cultures to inhibit the naturally contaminating microbial load. Dynamic changes of the microbial diversity of inoculated or non-inoculated (control) samples were monitored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 0 to 38 days, using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). Results: The DGGE profiles of DNA directly extracted from non-inoculated control samples highlighted the order of appearance of spoilage bacteria during storage, showing that Enterbacteriaceae and Pseudomonas fragi emerged early, then Brochothrix thermosphacta shared the dominant position, and finally, Pseudomonas putida showed up became predominant. Compared with control, the inoculation of either L. sakei or L. curvatus significantly lowered the complexity of microbial diversity and inhibited the growth of spoilage bacteria (p<0.05). Interestingly, we also found that the dominant position of L. curvatus was replaced by indigenous L. sakei after 13 d for L. curvatus-inoculated samples. Plate counts on selective agars further showed that inoculation with L. sakei or L. curvatus obviously reduced the viable counts of Enterbacteraceae, Pseudomonas spp. and B. thermosphacta during later storage (p<0.05), with L. sakei exerting greater inhibitory effect. Inoculation with both bio-protective cultures also significantly decreased the total volatile basic nitrogen values of stored samples (p<0.05). Conclusion: Taken together, the results proved the benefits of inoculation with lactic acid bacteria especially L. sakei as a potential way to inhibit growth of spoilage-related bacteria and improve the shelf life of vacuum-packaged raw beef.

Models of Pseudomonas Growth Kinetics and Shelf Life in Chilled Longissimus dorsi Muscles of Beef

Zhang, Yimin,Mao, Yanwei,Li, Ke,Dong, Pengcheng,Liang, Rongrong,Luo, Xin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.5

The aim of this study was to confirm Pseudomonas spp. as the specific spoilage organism (SSO) of chilled beef during aerobic storage and to establish a model to predict the shelf life of beef. Naturally contaminated beef was stored at $4^{\circ}C$, and the spoilage limit of Pseudomonas organisms was determined by measuring several quality indicators during storage, including the number of Pseudomonas organisms, total number of bacteria, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN) values, L value color scale scores and sensory evaluation scores. The beef was then stored at 0, 4, 7, 10, 15 or $20^{\circ}C$ for varying amounts of time, and the number of Pseudomonas organisms were counted, allowing a corresponding growth model to be established. The results showed that the presence of Pseudomonas spp. was significantly correlated to each quality characteristic (p<0.01), demonstrating that Pseudomonas spp. are the SSO of chilled beef and that the spoilage limit was $10^{8.20}$ cfu/g. The Baranyi and Roberts equation can predict the growth of Pseudomonas spp. in beef, and the $R^2$ value of each model was greater than 0.95. The square root model was used as follows, and the absolute values of the residuals were less than ${0.05:\;{\mu_{max}}^{1/2}$ = 0.15604 [T+(-0.08472)] (p<0.01), $R^2$ = 0.98, $\lambda^{-1/2}$ = 0.0649+0.0242T (p<0.01, $R^2$ = 0.94). The model presented here describes the impact of different temperatures on the growth of Pseudomonas spp., thereby establishing a model for the prediction of the shelf life of beef stored between 0 to $20^{\circ}C$.

Efficacy and Safety of Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor- Alpha Agents for Patients with Intestinal Behcet’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Qingfeng Zhang,Chunyan Ma,Rongrong Dong,Weizhen Xiang,Meiqi Li,Zhenzhen Ma,Qingrui Yang 연세대학교의과대학 2022 Yonsei medical journal Vol.63 No.2

Purpose: Intestinal Behcet’s disease (BD) is a systemic autoimmune disease for which treatment options are limited. As a prospectivetherapeutic strategy for intestinal BD, anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (anti-TNF-α) agents have received increasing attention. In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anti-TNF-αagents for patients with intestinal BD. Materials and Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases up to July 1, 2021 and articles that metthe eligibility criteria were further assessed. Pooled rates were synthesized by a randomized effects model using Stata software. Results: Eleven clinical trials covering 671 patients with intestinal BD were included. According to compositive data, the pooledrate for remission was 39% [95% confidence interval (CI) 26–52] in patients receiving anti-TNF-α agents. Intestinal symptomswere cured in 70% (95% CI 53–84) of the patients, and the rate for endoscopic healing was 65% (95% CI 52–78). Corticosteroid discontinuationwas achieved in 43% (95% CI 28–58) of the patients, and the dose reduction of corticosteroid was 20.43 mg (95% CI13.4–27.46). There were 239 adverse events and 80 serious adverse events during follow-up. Conclusion: Our study indicated that anti-TNF-α agents may serve as an effective treatment with acceptable safety for patientswith intestinal BD. However, more robust evidence from randomized controlled trials is urgently needed to assess the long-termefficacy and safety of anti-TNF-α agents for those patients.

Effects of SSRI Antidepressants on Attentional Bias toward Emotional Scenes in First-Episode Depressive Patients: Evidence from an Eye-Tracking Study

Lei Zhang,Fengqiong Yu,Qian Hu,Yuxi Qiao,Rongrong Xuan,Gongjun Ji,Chunyan Zhu,Chunlan Cai,Kai Wang 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.9

Objective Attentional biases toward emotional scenes may represent vulnerability and maintenance factors in depression. Antidepressant therapy may improve cognitive function and reduce depression, and is considered as the mechanism of action of antidepressants. Therefore, we conducted an eye-tracking test to examine whether selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants can reduce negative attentional biases and elicit clinical responses in depression. Methods Twenty first-episode depressive patients freely viewed three types of pictures that depicted different emotional scenes (i.e., positive-control, neutral-control, and negative-control) for 4,000 ms while their eye movements were monitored. The attentional bias to different emotional scenes was assessed before and after eight weeks of SSRI treatment using the eye-tracking method. The control group included a group of healthy individuals. Results The results revealed that first-episode depressive patients oriented their gaze more frequently to negative images and less to happy images, compared to controls. Importantly, the attentional bias in depressive patients was regulated after eight weeks of SSRI treatment. Patients showed an increased tendency to fixate on positive images and a decreased tendency to focus on negative images. Conclusion This suggests that SSRI antidepressants decrease vulnerability to negative images, while having an effect on attention in respect to positive images.

MicroRNA-708-3p as a potential therapeutic target via the ADAM17-GATA/STAT3 axis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Bo Liu,Rongrong Li,Jinjin Zhang,Chao Meng,Jie Zhang,Xiaodong Song,Changjun Lv 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for many diseases. However, the miRNAs that control the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and act as potential therapeutic targets for the disease are rarely studied. In the present study, we analyzed the function and regulatory mechanism of microRNA-708-3p (miR-708-3p) and evaluated this marker’s potential as a therapeutic target in IPF. The clinical and biological relevance of fibrogenesis for miR-708-3p was assessed in vivo and in vitro, specifically in matching plasma and tissue samples from 78 patients with IPF. The data showed that the miR-708-3p levels decreased during fibrosis and inversely correlated with IPF. The experiments showed that the decreased miR-708 promoter activity and primer-miR-708(pri-miR-708) expression were the potential causes. By computational analysis, a dual luciferase reporter system, rescue experiments and a Cignal Finder 45-Pathway system with siADAM17 and a miR-708-3p mimic, we identified that miR-708-3p directly regulates its target gene, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17), through a binding site in the 3′ untranslated region, which depends on the GATA/STAT3 signaling pathway. Finally, an miR-708-3p agomir was designed and used to test the therapeutic effects of the miR-708-3p in an animal model. Small-animal imaging technology and other experiments showed that the dynamic image distribution of the miR-708-3p agomir was mainly concentrated in the lungs and could block fibrogenesis. In conclusion, the miR-708-3p– ADAM17 axis aggravates IPF, and miR-708-3p can serve as a potential therapeutic target for IPF.

Effect of Rapid Chilling on Beef Quality and Cytoskeletal Protein Degradation in M. longissimus of Chinese Yellow Crossbred Bulls

Mao, Yanwei,Zhang, Yimin,Liang, Rongrong,Ren, Lulu,Zhu, He,Li, Ke,Zhu, Lixian,Luo, Xin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.8

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of rapid chilling (RC) on beef quality and the degradation of cytoskeletal proteins. Twenty Chinese Yellow crossbred bulls were selected and randomly divided into two groups. RC and conventional chilling (CC) were applied to left and right sides of the carcasses respectively after slaughtering. To determine whether electrical stimulation (ES) treatment can alleviate the potential hazard of RC on meat quality, ES was applied to one group. The effects of RC and ES were determined by meat color, shear force and cytoskeletal protein degradation postmortem (PM). The results showed that RC decreased beef tenderness at 1 d and 3 d postmortem, but had no detrimental effect on meat color. Western blotting showed that RC decreased the degradation rate of desmin and troponin-T, but the effects weakened gradually as postmortem aging extended. Degradation rates of both desmin and troponin-T were accelerated by ES. The combination of RC and ES could improve beef color, accelerate degradation rate of cytoskeletal protein and improve beef tenderness.