Polymorphisms of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor-Related Genes and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Chinese Population

Xinyan Xie,Fang Hou,Li Li,Yanlin Chen,Lingfei Liu,Xiu Luo1,Huaiting Gu,Xin Li,Jiajia Zhang,Jianhua Gong,Ranran Song 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.5

Objective: To evaluate the association of GRIK2 and NLGN1 with autism spectrum disorder in a Chinese population. Methods: We performed spatio-temporal expression analysis of GRIK2 and NLGN1 in the developing prefrontal cortex, and examined the expression of the genes in ASD cases and healthy controls using the GSE38322 data set. Following, we performed a case-control study in a Chinese population. Results: The analysis using the publicly available expression data showed that GRIK2 and NLGN1 may have a role in the development of human brain and contribute to the risk of ASD. Later genetic analysis in the Chinese population showed that the GRIK2 rs6922753 for the T allele, TC genotype and dominant model played a significant protective role in ASD susceptibility (respectively: OR=0.840, p=0.023; OR=0.802, p=0.038; OR=0.791, p=0.020). The NLGN1 rs9855544 for the G allele and GG genotype played a significant protective role in ASD susceptibility (respectively: OR=0.844, p=0.019; OR=0.717, p=0.022). After adjusting p values, the statistical significance was lost (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggested that GRIK2 rs6922753 and NLGN1 rs9855544 might not confer susceptibility to ASD in the Chinese population.

A Double Bi-Quad Filter with Wide-Band Resonance Suppression for Servo Systems

Xin Luo,Anwen Shen,Renchao Mao 전력전자학회 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.5

In this paper, an algorithm using two bi-quad filters to suppress the wide-band resonance for PMSM servo systems is proposed. This algorithm is based on the double bi-quad filters structure, so it is named, “double bi-quad filter.” The conventional single bi-quad filter method cannot suppress unexpected mechanical terms, which may lead to oscillations on the load side. A double bi-quad filter structure, which can cancel the effects of compliant coupling and suppress wide-band resonance, is realized by inserting a virtual filter after the motor speed output. In practical implementation, the proposed control structure is composed of two bi-quad filters on both the forward and feedback paths of the speed control loop. Both of them collectively complete the wide-band resonance suppression, and the filter on the feedback path can solve the oscillation on the load side. Meanwhile, with this approach, in certain cases, the servo system can be more robust than with the single bi-quad filter method. A step by step design procedure is provided for the proposed algorithm. Finally, its advantages are verified by theoretical analysis and experimental results.

CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF AUSTENITIC AND FERRITIC STEELS IN SUPERCRITICAL WATER

Luo, Xin,Tang, Rui,Long, Chongsheng,Miao, Zhi,Peng, Qian,Li, Cong Korean Nuclear Society 2008 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.40 No.2

The general corrosion behavior of austenitic and ferritic steels(316L, 304, N controlled 304L, and 410) in supercritical water is investigated in this paper. After exposure to deaerated supercritical water at $480^{\circ}C$/25 MPa for up to 500 h, the four steels studied were characterized using gravimetry, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM/EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The results show that the 316L steel with a higher Cr and Ni content has the best corrosion-resistance performance among the steels tested. In addition to the oxide layer mixed with $Fe_{3}O_{4}$ and $(Fe,Cr)_{3}O_{4}$ that formed on all the samples, a $Fe_{3}O_{4}$ loose outer layer was observed on the 410 steel. The corrosion mechanism of stainless steels in supercritical water is discussed based on the above results.

Helmet CPAP versus Oxygen Therapy in Hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Xin Chen,Yuwen Luo,Yan Luo,Yun Li,Luqian Zhou,Zhe Zhu,Yitai Chen,Yuxia Huang 연세대학교의과대학 2016 Yonsei medical journal Vol.57 No.4

Purpose: The efficacy of helmet continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in hypoxemic acute respiratory failure (hARF) remainsunclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to critically review studies that investigated the effect of helmet CPAP on gas exchange,mortality, and intubation rate in comparison with standard oxygen therapy. Materials and Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) by searching the PubMed, Embase,Cochrane library, OVID, and CBM databases, and the bibliographies of the retrieved articles. Studies that enrolled adults with hARF who were treated with helmet CPAP and measured at least one of the following parameters were included: gas exchange,intubation rate, in-hospital mortality rate. Results: Four studies with 377 subjects met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Compared to the standard oxygen therapy, helmet CPAP significantly increased the PaO2/FiO2 [weighted mean difference (WMD)=73.40, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 43.92 to 102.87, p<0.00001], and decreased the arterial carbon dioxide levels (WMD=-1.92, 95% CI: -3.21 to -0.63, p=0.003), intubationrate [relative risk (RR)=0.21, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.40, p<0.00001], and in-hospital mortality rate (RR=0.22, 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.50, p=0.0004). Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis suggest that helmet CPAP improves oxygenation and reduces mortality and intubationrates in hARF. However, the significant clinical and statistical heterogeneity of the literature implies that large RCTs are neededto determine the role of helmet CPAP in different hypoxemic ARF populations.

INDEFINITE STOCHASTIC OPTIMAL LQR CONTROL WITH CROSS TERM UNDER IQ CONSTRAINTS

Luo, Cheng-Xin,Feng, En-Min 한국전산응용수학회 2004 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.15 No.1

A stochastic optimal LQR control problem under some integral quadratic (IQ) constraints is studied, with cross terms in both the cost and the constraint functionals, allowing all the control weighting matrices being indefinite. Sufficient conditions for the well-posedness of this problem are given. When these conditions are satisfied, the optimal control is explicitly derived via dual theory.

A Double Bi-Quad Filter with Wide-Band Resonance Suppression for Servo Systems

Luo, Xin,Shen, Anwen,Mao, Renchao The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2015 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.5

In this paper, an algorithm using two bi-quad filters to suppress the wide-band resonance for PMSM servo systems is proposed. This algorithm is based on the double bi-quad filters structure, so it is named, "double bi-quad filter." The conventional single bi-quad filter method cannot suppress unexpected mechanical terms, which may lead to oscillations on the load side. A double bi-quad filter structure, which can cancel the effects of compliant coupling and suppress wide-band resonance, is realized by inserting a virtual filter after the motor speed output. In practical implementation, the proposed control structure is composed of two bi-quad filters on both the forward and feedback paths of the speed control loop. Both of them collectively complete the wide-band resonance suppression, and the filter on the feedback path can solve the oscillation on the load side. Meanwhile, with this approach, in certain cases, the servo system can be more robust than with the single bi-quad filter method. A step by step design procedure is provided for the proposed algorithm. Finally, its advantages are verified by theoretical analysis and experimental results.

Research Articles : Plant Hormones Promote Growth in Lichen-Forming Fungi

( Xin Yu Wang ),( Xin Li Wei ),( Heng Luo ),( Jung A Kim ),( Hae Sook Jeon ),( Young Jin Koh ),( Jae Seoun Hur ) 한국균학회 2010 Mycobiology Vol.38 No.3

Wnt/β-Catenin Promotes the Osteoblastic Potential of BMP9 Through Down-Regulating Cyp26b1 in Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Yao Xin-Tong,Li Pei-pei,Liu Jiang,Yang Yuan-Yuan,Luo Zhen-Ling,Jiang Hai-Tao,He Wen-Ge,Luo Hong-Hong,Deng Yi-Xuan,He Bai-Cheng 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2023 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.20 No.5

BACKGROUND: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) promotes the osteogenic differentiation induced by bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), but the intrinsic relationship between BMP9 and ATRA keeps unknown. Herein, we investigated the effect of Cyp26b1, a critical enzyme of ATRA degradation, on the BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and unveiled possible mechanism through which BMP9 regulates the expression of Cyp26b1. METHODS: ATRA content was detected with ELISA and HPLC–MS/MS. PCR, Western blot, and histochemical staining were used to assay the osteogenic markers. Fetal limbs culture, cranial defect repair model, and micro–computed tomographic were used to evaluate the quality of bone formation. IP and ChIP assay were used to explore possible mechanism. RESULTS: We found that the protein level of Cyp26b1 was increased with age, whereas the ATRA content decreased. The osteogenic markers induced by BMP9 were increased by inhibiting or silencing Cyp26b1 but reduced by exogenous Cyp26b1. The BMP9-induced bone formation was enhanced by inhibiting Cyp26b1. The cranial defect repair was promoted by BMP9, which was strengthened by silencing Cyp26b1 and reduced by exogenous Cyp26b1. Mechanically, Cyp26b1 was reduced by BMP9, which was enhanced by activating Wnt/b-catenin, and reduced by inhibiting this pathway. b-catenin interacts with Smad1/5/9, and both were recruited at the promoter of Cyp26b1. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggested the BMP9-induced osteoblastic differentiation was mediated by activating retinoic acid signalling, viadown-regulating Cyp26b1. Meanwhile, Cyp26b1 may be a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of bone-related diseases or accelerating bone-tissue engineering.

A Portable Bender Element-Double Cone Penetration Testing Equipment for Measuring Stiffness and Shear Strength of In-Situ Soft Soil Deposits

Xin Kang,He-Mei Sun,Hong Luo,Tian Dai,Ren-Peng Chen 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.12

A portable bender element-double cone penetration (BE-DCP) testing equipment, which is invented as a prototype model for measuring the small-strain stiffness (shear wave velocity, Vs) and shear strength of in-situ soft soil deposits (loose sand and soft clay) is developed in this study. The shear wave velocity in two orthogonal directions (V s-hv and V s-hh) of the in-situ soils is measured from paired bender elements (BE) installed on the side of the cone shaft. The bender elements are housed in a mechanically controlled sliding block in the shaft which not only protects bender elements while the BE-DCP apparatus is being pushed into the ground, but also ensures a good contact between adjacent soil particles and benders when the target depth is reached. The real-time relationship of the pushing force and penetration depth is recorded by force transducer and laser displacement sensor and graphed in LabVIEW. Based on the cone penetration testing (CPT) theory, two formulas are derived to calculate the shear strength parameters of the in-situ soils. Test results obtained from both the portable bender element-double cone penetration (BE-DCP) testing apparatus and conventional laboratory experiments on Ottawa sand 20/30, four different sizes of Dolomite sands in various packing densities and Kaolinite under different water contents and densities as well as a field testing were compared and validated, indicating that the novel designed portable bender element-double cone penetration (BE-DCP) apparatus is robust, fast, and cost-efficient for measurement of small-strain stiffness and shear strength of in-situ soils.

A New Simple Sensorless Control Method for Switched Reluctance Motor Drives

Xin Kai,Zhan Qionghua,Luo Jianwu The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2006 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.1 No.1

In this paper, a new 'impedance sensing' method is described. This method overcomes the shortcomings of the impedance sensing method. According to the new method, sensing voltage pulse is applied to the idle phase in the minimum inductance region and the beginning of the increasing inductance region to detect rotor position. The negative torque produced by the sensing voltage pulse can be neglected in the minimum inductance region and the efficiency of SRM is improved. In the minimum inductance region the back electromotive force (EMF) can be neglected. And in the increasing inductance region the EMF opposes the rise of current in the phase, so the position estimation scheme is reliable. Therefore the new 'impedance sensing' method is sufficiently precise even under the high back EMF effect. The adjustment of turn-on angle and turn-off angle is also easy to be realized. The technique is very useful in applications where cost or size is primary concerns, such as electric bicycle drives. Experimental results are presented to verify the proposed method.