Sperm Transfer and Sperm Activation in Tasar Silkmoth, Antheraea Mylitta

Ravikumar, G.,Rajeswary, H.,Ojha, N. G.,Sinha, S. S. 한국잠사학회 1998 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.40 No.1

Two types of sperm, apyrene and eupyrene, are identified in A. mylitta. The sperm in the adult moth are motionless in seminal vesicles. At the time of ejaculation they received a secretion from male ejaculatory duct that renders them motile. The dissociation of eupyrene bundles, apyrene, eupyrene sperm motility and the sequence of events of sperm migration in both sexes are described in the present paper.

Clerodendrum chinense-mediated biofabrication of silver nanoparticles: Mosquitocidal potential and acute toxicity against non-target aquatic organisms

Marimuthu Govindarajan,Mohan Rajeswary,S.L. Hoti,Kadarkarai MURUGAN,Kalimuthu Kovendan,Subramanian Arivoli,Giovanni Benelli 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.1

Mosquito-borne diseases represent a deadly threat for millions of people worldwide. However, the use of synthetic insecticides to control Culicidae may lead to high operational costs and adverse non-target effects. Plantborne compounds have been proposed for rapid extracellular synthesis ofmosquitocidal nanoparticles. Their impact against biological control agents of mosquito larval populations has been poorly studied. In this study, we synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using the Clerodendrumchinense leaf extract as reducing and stabilizing agent. The biosynthesis of AgNP was confirmed analyzing the excitation of surface Plasmon resonance using ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectrophotometry. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the clustered and irregular shapes of Ag NP. The presence of silver was determined by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis investigated the identity of secondary metabolites,which may act as Ag NP capping agents. The acute toxicity of C. chinense leaf extract and biosynthesized Ag NP was evaluated against larvae of Anopheles subpictus, Aedes albopictus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus. Compared to the leaf aqueous extract, biosynthesized Ag NP showed higher toxicity against A. subpictus, A. albopictus, and C. tritaeniorhynchus with LC50 values of 10.23, 11.10 and 12.38 μg/mL, respectively. Biosynthesized Ag NPswere found safer to non-target organisms Diplonychus indicus, Anisops bouvieri and Gambusia affinis, with respective LC50 values ranging from647.05 to 6877.28 μg/ml. Overall, our results highlight that C. chinense-fabricated Ag NP are a promising and eco-friendly tool against larval populations ofmosquito vectors of medical and veterinary importance, with negligible toxicity against non-target aquatic organisms. © 2015 Korean Society of Applied Entomology, Taiwan Entomological Society and Malaysian Plant Protection

Continuous Biosorption of Cadmium by Moringa olefera in a Packed Column

M. Rajeswari,Pushpa Agrawal,S. Pavithra, Priya,G. R. Sandhya,G. M. Pavithra 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.2

The biosorption of Cd(II) by Moringa oleifera using a batch system and a continuous up flow mode in a fixed bed column was studied. Batch adsorption experiments were performed as a function of pH, biosorbent dose, contact time, volume of the solution, and initial metal concentration. The adsorption isotherms obtained fitted well into the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The dynamic removal of cadmium by powdered seed of the Moringa oleifera was studied in a packed column. The effect of bed height (4 and 8 cm) and flow rate (2 and 5mL/min) on biosorption process was investigated and the experimental breakthrough curves were obtained. Results showed that by increasing the bed height and decreasing the flow rate, the breakthrough and exhaustion times increased. The break-through time was considered as a measure of the column performance. The maximum break-through time of 320 min was achieved at the operating condition of 2 mL/min influent flow rate and bed height of 8 cm.

Nano-engineered concrete using recycled aggregates and nano-silica: Taguchi approach

Prusty, Rajeswari,Mukharjee, Bibhuti B.,Barai, Sudhirkumar V. Techno-Press 2015 Advances in concrete construction Vol.3 No.4

This paper investigates the influence of various mix design parameters on the characteristics of concrete containing recycled coarse aggregates and Nano-Silica using Taguchi method. The present study adopts Water-cement ratio, Recycled Coarse Aggregate (%), Maximum cement content and Nano-Silica (%) as factors with each one having three different levels. Using the above mentioned control parameters with levels an Orthogonal Array (OA) matrix experiments of L9 (34) has selected and nine number of concrete mixes has been prepared. Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Flexural Tensile Strength, Modulus of Elasticity and Non-Destructive parameters are selected as responses. Experimental results are analyzed and the optimum level for each response is predicted. Analysis of 28 days CS depicts that NS (%) is the most significant factor among all factors. Analysis of the tensile strength results indicates that the effect of control factor W/C ratio is ranked one and then NS (%) is ranked two which suggests that W/C ratio and NS (%) have more influence as compared to other two factors. However, the factor that affects the modulus of elasticity most is found to be RCA (%). Finally, validation experiments have been carried out with the optimal mixture of concrete with Nano-Silica for the desired engineering properties of recycled aggregate concrete. Moreover, the comparative study of the predicted and experimental results concludes that errors between both experimental and predicted values are within the permissible limits. This present study highlights the application of Taguchi method as an efficient tool in determining the effects of constituent materials in mix proportioning of concrete.

Statistical Analysis of Partial Discharge, Lightning Impulse and BDV Characteristics of Nano SiO2-Corn Oil for HV Insulation Applications

R. Rajeswari,S. Chandrasekar,B. Karthik 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.2

Recent concern towards environmental and fi re safety of transformer operation has led to the development of natural ester based liquid insulation for power transformers. Recent advancements in nano technology confi rm that the nano modifi ed liquid insulation provides superior dielectric and thermal properties. Statistical analysis of the dielectric properties of nano modifi ed liquid dielectrics is very important to qualify them for high voltage insulation applications. In this work, experimental works are carried out to understand the partial discharge (PD), lightning impulse (LI) and breakdown voltage (BDV) characteristics of corn oil fi lled with SiO 2 nano fi llers at diff erent wt% concentration such as 0.01%, 0.05% and 0.1%. Needle/ plane and rod/plane electrode geometry was used for creation of PD source. PD inception voltage, time domain and frequency domain characteristics of PD signals are evaluated. Weibull parameters of Phase Resolved PD pattern are evaluated. LI tests are performed at needle/plane and needle/sphere electrode geometry with standard 1.2/50 μs waveform at both positive and negative polarity. Weibull distribution analysis of LI breakdown voltage values are evaluated at diff erent experimental conditions. BDV tests are carried out at diff erent electrode gap distances such as 1, 2.5, 4 and 5 mm. Scale parameter and shape parameter of Weibull distribution of BDV values are computed. It is mostly observed that addition of nano SiO 2 fi ller at lower wt% concentration in the range of 0.01–0.05% has substantial eff ect in enhancing the PD, LI and BDV characteristics of corn oil. Improvement in PD, LI and BDV characteristics gives confi dent that nano modifi ed corn oil may be considered for outdoor transformer applications.

CO-CLUSTER HOMOTOPY QUEUING MODEL IN NONLINEAR ALGEBRAIC TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE FOR IMPROVING POISON DISTRIBUTION NETWORK COMMUNICATION

V. RAJESWARI,T. NITHIYA The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2023 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.41 No.4

Nonlinear network creates complex homotopy structural communication in wireless network medium because of complex distribution approach. Due to this multicast topological connection structure, the queuing probability was non regular principles to create routing structures. To resolve this problem, we propose a Co-cluster homotopy queuing model (Co-CHQT) for Nonlinear Algebraic Topological Structure (NLTS-) for improving poison distribution network communication. Initially this collects the routing propagation based on Nonlinear Distance Theory (NLDT) to estimate the nearest neighbor network nodes undernon linear at x_(a,b)→ax²+bx² = c. Then Quillen Network Decomposition Theorem (QNDT) was applied to sustain the non-regular routing propagation to create cluster path. Each cluster be form with co variance structure based on Two unicast 2(n+1)-Z2(n+1)-Z network. Based on the poison distribution theory X_(a,b) ≠ µ(C), at number of distribution routing strategies weights are estimated based on node response rate. Deriving shorte;'l/st path from behavioral of the node response, Hilbert -Krylov subspace clustering estimates the Cluster Head (CH) to the routing head. This solves the approximation routing strategy from the nonlinear communication depending on Max- equivalence theory (Max-T). This proposed system improves communication to construction topological cluster based on optimized level to produce better performance in distance theory, throughput latency in non-variation delay tolerant.

Optimization of Laccase Production from Bacillus sp. PK4 through Statistical Design of Experiments

( Murugesan Rajeswari ),( Vembu Bhuvaneswari ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.45 No.4

Statistical design of experiments was employed to optimize the media composition for the production of laccase from Bacillus sp. PK4. In order to find the key ingredients for the best yield of enzyme production from the selected eleven variables viz yeast extract, glucose, zinc sulphate, copper sulphate, potassium chloride, magnesium sulphate, calcium chloride, ferrous sulphate, sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH₂PO₄) and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K₂HPO₄), Plackett-Burman design was applied. The MgSO₄, FeSO₄, and CuSO₄ showed positive estimate, and their concentration optimized further. The steepest ascent method and Box-Behnken method revealed that 1.5 mM MgSO₄, 0.33 g/l FeSO₄ and 1.41 mM CuSO₄ were optimal for the laccase production by Bacillus sp. PK4. This optimization strategy leads to enhancement of laccase production from 2.13 U/ml to 40.79 U/ml. Agro-wastes residues replace the carbon source glucose in the optimized media namely sugarcane bagasse, wheat bran, rice husk, and groundnut shell, among these groundnut shells (117 U/ml) was found to enhance the laccase production significantly. The laccase produced by Bacillus sp. PK4 was found to have the potential to degrade persistent organic pollutant benzo[a]pyrene.

Binder burnout and sintering kinetic study of alumina ceramics shaped using methylcellulose

K. Rajeswari,S. Chaitanya,P. Biswas,M. Buchi Suresh,Y.S. Rao,Roy Johnson 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2015 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.16 No.1

Ceramic components are generally processed by the techniques such as compaction, extrusion, injection molding, casting etc., and the selection of forming method is generally based on the complexity of the shapes. Additives such as binders, plasticizers, surfactants and lubricants, which are generally organic in nature, play a significant role to ensure the flowability of the mass which is critical in shaping of ceramics. Alumina (α-Al2O3) powder was subjected to torque rheometric studies to identify Critical Volume Binder Concentrations (CBVC) corresponding to specific processing regimes. An initial torque value of 3-4Nm for compaction followed by 6-7N-m for extrusion and 2-3N-m for casting regimes were observed. Viscosities of the pre-mixes prepared by the addition of methyl cellulose (C6H7O2 (OH)x(OCH3)y, (where x = 1.0-1.5 and y = 2-1.45) as a binder were also found to exhibit a similar trend in viscosity, corresponding to CBVC torque values and are shaped into green specimens. Green strength of the standard specimens (45 × 4 × 3 mm) was estimated through 3-point bend tests and exhibited a good correlation with the binder content. Binder burnout characteristics were also elucidated by TG/DSC technique and activation energy estimated is 75-110 kJ/mol for the thermal degradation of methylcellulose binder. Activation energy of 883 ± 45 kJ/mol was estimated through kinetic analysis of sintering by the construction of the Master Sintering Curves (MSC).

Synthesis of Acetins from Glycerol using Lipase from Wheat Extract

Pradima J,Rajeswari. M. Kulkarni,Archna Narula,Sravanthi Veluturla,Rakshith R,Nawal Rabia Nizar 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.57 No.4

New technology-driven biocatalysts are revolutionizing the biochemical industries. With maximum utilization of renewable feedstock, biocatalysts have been the basis for a major breakthrough. Lipases are the most widely established catalysts used for hydrolysis, esterification and transesterification reactions. In this research, a biochemical process that combines extraction of lipase enzyme from germinated wheat seeds and its application to valorize glycerol to acetins by esterification is presented. Acetins are among highly rated, value-added products derived from glycerol. The favorable conditions for the enzymatic conversion of glycerol were observed as glycerol to acetic acid molar ratio (1:5), reaction temperature (40 o C) and the amount of enzyme (20% v/v). 65.93% of glycerol conversion was achieved for duration of 15 h with the use of tert-butanol solvent. This method proposes to explore the viability of a biological route to convert glycerol derived from biodiesel industry to acetins with further streamlining.

Analytical approach for optimization design of MEMS based microneedles in drug delivery system

N. Raja Rajeswari,P. Malliga 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.8

Microneedles have been recently given much attention as a novel way for transdermal drug delivery. In this paper, the mechanics ofmicroneedle insertion into soft tissue and also the changes in the forces and moments of the microneedle is to be presented. A non-lineardisplacement of the microneedle insertion into the soft tissue is expressed as a quadratic polynomial function and solved using Galerkintechnique. The geometrical behavior of the microneedle tip is to be considered in the analytical model. The microneedle insertion isclassified into two phases namely, pre-puncture and post-puncture. An analytical model of microneedle stiffness coefficient and effect ofinterfacial contact force in frictionless condition are derived using Love’s thin rod theory. The interfacial contact stresses at the interfacebetween the microneedle and soft tissue are obtained from the contact forces using the Hertzian theory. Statistical analysis based on theanalytical model was done for studying various effects of process variables on the dependent variables. The statistical analysis was doneby Analysis of variance (ANOVA). The graphical analysis of the analytical model are presented using MATLAB. The analytical modelhelps to improve the microneedle design by minimizing the pain of insertion and increasing the mechanical strength.