Chemical and bioactive comparison of flowers of Panax ginseng Meyer, Panax quinquefolius L., and Panax notoginseng Burk.

Li, Fang,Lv, Chongning,Li, Qiao,Wang, Jing,Song, Dan,Liu, Pengpeng,Zhang, Dandan,Lu, Jincai The Korean Society of Ginseng 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.4

Background: Although flowers of Panax ginseng Meyer (FPG), Panax quinquefolius L. (FPQ), and Panax notoginseng Burk. (FPN) have been historically used as both medicine and food, each is used differently in practice. Methods: To investigate the connection between components and enhancing immunity activity of FPG, FPQ, and FPN, a method based on a rapid LC coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight MS and immunomodulatory activity study evaluated by a carbon clearance test were combined. Results: According to quantitative results, the ratio of the total content of protopanaxatiol-type ginsenosides to protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides in FPN was 0, but ranged from 1.10 to 1.32 and from 0.23 to 0.35 in FPG and FPQ, respectively. The ratio of the total content of neutral ginsenosides to the corresponding malonyl-ginsenosides in FPN ($5.52{\pm}1.33%$) was higher than FPG ($3.2{\pm}0.64%$) and FPQ ($2.39{\pm}0.57%$). The colorimetric analysis showed the content of total ginsenosides in FPQ, FPG, and FPN to be $13.75{\pm}0.60%$, $17.45{\pm}0.42%$, and $12.45{\pm}1.77%$, respectively. The carbon clearance assay indicated that the phagocytic activity of FPG and FPQ was higher than that of FPN. A clear discrimination among FPG, FPQ, and FPN was observed in the principal component analysis score plots. Seven compounds were confirmed to contribute strongly by loading plots, which may be the cause of differences in efficacy. Conclusion: This study provides basic information about the chemical and bioactive comparison of FPG, FPQ, and FPN, indicating that protopanaxtriol-type ginsenosides and malonyl-ginsenosides may play a key role in their enhancing immunity properties.

Chemical and bioactive comparison of flowers of Panax ginseng Meyer, Panax quinquefolius L., and Panax notoginseng Burk

Fang Li,Chongning Lv,Qiao Li,Jing Wang,Dan Song,Pengpeng Liu,Dandan Zhang,Jincai Lu 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.4

Background: Although flowers of Panax ginseng Meyer (FPG), Panax quinquefolius L. (FPQ), and Panax notoginseng Burk. (FPN) have been historically used as bothmedicine and food, each is used differently in practice. Methods: To investigate the connection between components and enhancing immunity activity of FPG, FPQ, and FPN, a method based on a rapid LC coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight MS and immunomodulatory activity study evaluated by a carbon clearance test were combined. Results: According to quantitative results, the ratio of the total content of protopanaxatiol-type ginsenosides to protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides in FPN was 0, but ranged from 1.10 to 1.32 and from 0.23 to 0.35 in FPG and FPQ, respectively. The ratio of the total content of neutral ginsenosides to the corresponding malonyl-ginsenosides in FPN (5.52 1.33%) was higher than FPG (3.2 0.64%) and FPQ(2.39 0.57%). The colorimetric analysis showed the content of total ginsenosides in FPQ, FPG, and FPN to be 13.75 0.60%, 17.45 0.42%, and 12.45 1.77%, respectively. The carbon clearance assay indicated that the phagocytic activity of FPG and FPQ was higher than that of FPN. A clear discrimination among FPG, FPQ, and FPN was observed in the principal component analysis score plots. Seven compounds were confirmed to contribute strongly by loading plots, which may be the cause of differences in efficacy. Conclusion: This study provides basic information about the chemical and bioactive comparison of FPG, FPQ, and FPN, indicating that protopanaxtriol-type ginsenosides and malonyl-ginsenosides may play a key role in their enhancing immunity properties.

Prediction of cavitation dynamics and cavitation erosion around a three-dimensional twisted hydrofoil with an LES method

He Pengpeng,Li Ziru,Liu Qian,Zhang Xiaowang,He Wei 대한조선학회 2023 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.15 No.-

The Large Eddy Simulation (LES) method coupled with a Schnerr and Sauer cavitation model was adopted to simulate the unsteady cavitating flow around a Delft Twist 11 (Twist11) hydrofoil. We proposed a novel aggressiveness indicator to predict the risk of cavitation erosion on the hydrofoil surface by utilizing LES simulations as input. The proposed aggressiveness indicator introduces the time-averaged pressure, the hypotheses of Nohmi et al. and the concept of the power exponent into the energy balance approach. The results show that the current numerical method integrally reproduces the evolution of the cloud cavity observed in the cavitation tunnel. The cavitation erosion risk predicted by the aggressiveness indicator Ce1D 0 n¼5 agrees well with the erosion pattern obtained from the paint test. The predicted erosion risk regions are located in the “hoof” positions (region 2 and region 3) of the horse-shoe-shaped cloudy cavity and the positions (region 1) near the cavity closure line.

TCP-PPCC: Online-Learning Proximal Policy for Congestion Control

Shiwei Wang,Jing Li,Yuyao Guan,Pengpeng Ding 한국통신학회 2020 한국통신학회 APNOMS Vol.2020 No.09

Effective network congestion control strategies are the key to secure the normal operation of complex and changeable networks. The fundamental assumptions of many existing TCP congestion control variants dominated by hand-crafted heuristic algorithms are no longer valid. We propose an algorithm called TCP-Proximal Policy Congestion Control (TCP-PPCC), which is based on deep reinforcement learning algorithm Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). TCP-PPCC updates the policy offline from the features of the preceding network state and feedback from the current network environment and adjusts the congestion window online with the updated policy. The senders with TCP-PPCC can learn about the changes in network bandwidth more accurately and adjust the congestion window in time. We demonstrate the performance of TCP-PPCC by comparing it with the traditional congestion control algorithm NewReno in four network scenarios with the ns-3 simulator. The results show that in scenario 2, TCPPPCC takes 58.75% improvement in average delay and 27.80% improvement in throughput compared with NewReno.

인터넷쇼핑몰의 서비스품질이 관계품질 및 고객유지에 미치는 영향

이신전(Xin-Tian Li),펑펑(PENGPENG) 한국콘텐츠학회 2013 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.13 No.11

인터넷쇼핑몰의 시장이 점점 확장되고 경쟁이 심화되기 때문에 인터넷쇼핑몰의 서비스품질은 더욱 중시되고 있다. 또한 서비스품질에 따라 인터넷쇼핑몰의 고객유지에 대한 관심이 많이 생겼으며 인터넷쇼핑몰의 서비스품질의 차별화가 성공요인이 되고 있다. 이에 따라 논문에서는 인터넷쇼핑몰의 서비스요인에 대해 살펴보고 실제 인터넷쇼핑몰에서 제품을 구매한 경험이 있는 고객들을 대상으로 하여 설문조사를 실시함으로써 이들 간의 관계를 실제적으로 규명해 보고자 한다. 결과적으로, 서비스품질은 고객만족에 대한 긍정적인 영향관계가 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그리고 고객만족, 신뢰와 몰입 간에 유의한 긍정적인 관계를 가지고 있으며 고객유지에 대해 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 연구 결과를 통하여 인터넷쇼핑몰에서 소비자의 신뢰, 만족 및 몰입을 높이기 위해서는 단일 차원이 아닌 다차원적인 개념으로 통합적으로 행사하여야 함을 알 수 있다. 그러므로 고객과의 관계품질을 형성하는 것은 중요하며, 고객과의 장기적인 관계를 형성할 수 있는 방안을 모색해야 할 것이다. The customer retention of internet shopping mall become important nowadays as internet shopping mall is expanding quickly. In this situation, the present study aims to analyze the components of internet shopping mall service quality and its relationship with satisfaction, and retention. The CRM is a very important point for company marketing, it is also necessary to construct trust and commitment. Especially it has been recognized that when we deal with online shopping, the correlation with customers is very important. At this point one purpose of this study is to find out those effects on satisfaction of the service quality. Another purpose is to find the factors which effect retention. Structural equation modeling is used to test the model building in this paper based on the data from survey of 223 online shopping mall customers. The results in the study provide our supports to the model and indicate that: first, service quality has a positive effect on satisfaction. Second, satisfaction, trust and commitment have strong relations and they affect customer retention in the internet shopping mall service.

The multifunctional RNA-binding protein hnRNPK is critical for the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts

( Yongjie Xu ),( Rui Li ),( Kaili Zhang ),( Wei Wu ),( Suying Wang ),( Pengpeng Zhang ),( Haixia Xu ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2018 BMB Reports Vol.51 No.7

HnRNPK is a multifunctional protein that participates in chromatin remodeling, transcription, RNA splicing, mRNA stability and translation. Here, we uncovered the function of hnRNPK in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. hnRNPK was mutated in the C2C12 myoblast cell line using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. A decreased proliferation rate was observed in hnRNPK-mutated cells, suggesting an impaired proliferation phenotype. Furthermore, increased G2/M phase, decreased S phase and increased sub-G1 phase cells were detected in the hnRNPK-mutated cell lines. The expression analysis of key cell cycle regulators indicated mRNA of Cyclin A2 was significantly increased in the mutant myoblasts compared to the control cells, while Cyclin B1, Cdc25b and Cdc25c were decreased sharply. In addition to the myoblast proliferation defect, the mutant cells exhibited defect in myotube formation. The myotube formation marker, myosin heavy chain (MHC), was decreased sharply in hnRNPK-mutated cells compared to control myoblasts during differentiation. The deficiency in hnRNPK also resulted in the repression of Myog expression, a key myogenic regulator during differentiation. Together, our data demonstrate that hnRNPK is required for myoblast proliferation and differentiation and may be an essential regulator of myoblast function. [BMB Reports 2018; 51(7): 350-355]

Genetic Detection of Clubroot Resistance Loci in a New Population of Brassica rapa

Wenxing Pang,Shan Liang,Xiaonan Li,Pengpeng Li,Sha Yu,임용표,Zhong Yun Piao 한국원예학회 2014 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.55 No.6

Clubroot is one of the most serious diseases affecting Brassica crop production worldwide. In order toidentify the location of clubroot resistance genes in Chinese cabbage, we constructed a linkage map for an F2 populationderived from a cross between a resistant turnip inbred line, ‘Siloga’ (B. rapa ssp. rapifera), and a susceptible Chinesecabbage inbred line, ‘BJN3’ (B. rapa ssp. pekinensis). The newly developed genetic map included 207 markers andcovered 1151.7 cM. In combination with clubroot resistance tests from the field, the data allowed us to identify threequantitative trait loci of clubroot resistance, using a composite interval mapping method. Clubroot resistance genesQS_B1.1, QS_B3.1, and QS_B8.1 were located on chromosomes A1, A3, and A8, respectively, of B. rapa. Theircontribution rates were 8.18%, 70.55%, and 7.28%, respectively. QS_B1.1 was a novel locus of clubroot resistance,independent of any published clubroot-resistance loci. QS_B3.1 was first detected in ‘Siloga,’ mapped to the previousCRb and CRa region, whereas QS_B8.1 was closely linked to Crr1b. Epistatic interactions with additive effects weredetected between QS_B3.1 and QS_B8.1.

Differential expression of heat shock protein 90, 70, 60 in chicken muscles postmortem and its relationship with meat quality

Zhang, Muhan,Wang, Daoying,Geng, Zhiming,Sun, Chong,Bian, Huan,Xu, Weimin,Zhu, Yongzhi,Li, Pengpeng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.1

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 90, 70, and 60 in chicken muscles and their possible relationship with quality traits of meat. Methods: The breast muscles from one hundred broiler chickens were analyzed for drip loss and other quality parameters, and the levels of heat shock protein (HSP) 90, 70, and 60 were determined by immunoblots. Results: Based on the data, chicken breast muscles were segregated into low (drip loss${\leq}5%$), intermediate (5%<drip loss<9.5%) and high (drip loss${\geq}9.5$) drip loss groups. The expression of HSP90 and HSP60 were significantly lower in the high drip loss group compared to that in the low and intermediate drip loss group (p<0.05), while HSP70 was equivalent in abundance in all groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Results of this study suggests that higher levels of HSP90 and HSP60 may be advantageous for maintenance of cell function and reduction of water loss, and they could act as potential indicator for better water holding capacity of meat.

The Pyongnam basin: A local basin witnessed global tectonics

Peng Peng,Mingguo Zhai,Jinghui Guo,Yanbin Zhang,Bo Hu,Lei Zhao,Fengbo Sun,Xiangdong Su,Xiaohui Zhang,Qiuli Li,Chang-Whan Oh,Xu Liu 대한지질학회 2022 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.10