Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress and Apoptosis in Parthenogenetic Porcine Embryos Following Activation Methods

Yeo-Reum Park,Hye-Bin Park,Hwa-Yeon Lee,Hyo-Kyung Bae,Hui-Yeon Shin,Seunghyung Lee,Choon-Keun Park,Boo-Keun Yang,Hee-Tae Cheong 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2016 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.10

Comparative Observational Study on the Effects of Intra-articular Hominis Placenta Pharmacopuncture and Acupoint Hominis Placenta Pharmacopuncture for Knee Osteoarthritis Patients

Yeo-bin Park,Chang Beohm Ahn,Yun-Leong Park,Ji-Won Baek,Won-Ho Kong,Bo-Sung Kim,Bong-ho Lee,Sun-hee Jang,Choon-ho Song,Hyun-min Yoon,Cheol-hong Kim 대한침구의학회 2021 대한침구의학회지 Vol.38 No.1

The aim of this case report was to observe the effects of intra-articular hominis placenta pharmacopuncture (HPP). Based on the medical records patients who received intra-articular treatment or received acupoint pharmacopuncture treatment, a comparison was made. There were 35 patients who were hospitalized for degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee joint from the 1 st October 2019 to 26 th September 2020. There were 14 patients who were treated with HPP in the intra-articular joint space (Group A), and 14 patients who were treated with HPP at specific acupoints (Group B). The outcome effects were measured using the Korean Western Ontario and Mc (KWOMAC) the visual analog scale (VAS) before the first treatment, and after the fifth treatment. The KWOMAC (p < 0.001) and the VAS scores (p < 0.001) in Groups A and B significantly improved after treatment compared with before treatment. When comparing Group A improvement with Group B improvement using the KWOMAC there was no statistically significant difference however, when using the VAS scores, Group A treatment was statistically more effective compared with Group B (p = 0.002). This study indicated that HPP may be an effective treatment for knee osteoarthritis. Moreover, intra-articular HPP may be more effective than acupoint HPP for knee osteoarthritis.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress and Apoptosis in Parthenogenetic Porcine Embryos following Different Combination of Activation Methods

Park, Hye-Bin,Park, Yeo-Reum,Lee, Hwa-Yeon,Bae, Hyo-Kyung,Lee, Seunghyung,Park, Choon-Keun,Yang, Boo-Keun,Cheong, Hee-Tae The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer 2017 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.32 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of activation method on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induction, apoptosis and in vitro development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos. Porcine in vitro matured oocytes were activated by four activation methods; 1) electric stimulus (ES) (E), 2) $ES+10{\mu}M$ Ca-ionophore (A23187) treatment (EC), 3) ES+2 mM 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) treatment (ED), or 4) ES+A23187 and 6-DMAP treatments (ECD). Parthenogenetic embryos were sampled to analyze x-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) mRNA, ER stress-associated genes and apoptosis genes at 3 h after ES and the 1-cell and blastocyst stages. In the EC group, the band intensity of spliced Xbp1 (Xbp1s) mRNA was higher than those of the other groups at the 3 h and 1-cell stage, and higher than that of the E group at the blastocyst stage. Four ER stress-associated genes were expressed at the highest level in the EC group and weakly expressed in the ED group at 3 h after activation. However, most of the genes were highly expressed at the 1-cell and blastocyst stages with some variation in the EC and ECD groups. Expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and caspase-3 mRNA was significantly higher in the EC group than in the other groups at all development stages. The developmental rates to the blastocyst stage were higher in the ED and ECD groups than in the E and EC groups. These results suggest that the intracellular ER stress of parthenogenetic porcine embryos is affected by the activation method and subsequently lead to the apoptosis of embryos.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Inhibitor Treatment during Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer (SCNT) Process of Porcine Embryos

Yeo-Reum Park,Hye-Bin Par,Mi-Jeong Kim,Seunghyung Lee,Choon-Keun Park,Boo-Keun Yang,Hee-Tae Cheong 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2018 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.06

We examined the effect of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor treatment during somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) process on the reprogramming efficiency of porcine embryos. ER stress inhibitors such as Salubrinal (200 nM) and tauroursodeoxychloic acid (TUDCA, 100 μM) were added to the manipulation medium and holding medium. Porcine SCNT embryos were sampled at the 1-cell stage for mRNA extraction. The expression of x-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1), ER stress-associated genes and apoptotic genes were confirmed by RT-PCR or RT-qPCR. The levels of X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) splicing and the expression of ER stress-associated genes were significantly decreased by TUDCA treatment at the 1-cell stage of SCNT embryos (p<0.05). The expression of ER stress-associated genes was also slightly decreased by a combination treatment of salubrinal and TUDCA (Sal+TUD). The expression levels of Caspase-3 and Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax) mRNA were also significantly lower in TUDCA and Sal+TUD groups (p<0.05). The blastocyst formation rate (20.2%, 41/203) and the mean cells number in blastocysts (63.0±7.2, p<0.05) were significantly increased in the TUDCA treatment group compared with the control group (12.6% and 41.7±3.1, p<0.05). These results show that the treatment of ER stress inhibitor, especially TUDCA, during SCNT process can inhibit cellular damages and enhance in vitro development of SCNT embryos by reducing ER stress.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress and Apoptosis in Parthenogenetic Porcine Embryos Following Activation Methods

Yeo-Reum Park,Hye-Bin Park,Hwa-Yeon Lee,Hyo-Kyung Bae,Hui-Yeon Shin,Seunghyung Lee,Choon-Keun Park,Boo-Keun Yang,Hee-Tae Cheong 한국수정란이식학회 2016 한국수정란이식학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.10

This study was conducted to examine the effects of activation methods on the ER stress induction and subsequent apoptosis and in vitro development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos. Porcine in vitro matured oocytes were activated by four activation methods; 1) electric stimulus(ES) with two DC pulses of 1.25 kV/cm, for 30 ㎲ (E), 2) ES + 10 μM Ca-ionophore (A23187) treatment for 5 min (EC), 3) ES + 2 mM 6-dimethylaminopurine treatment for 3 h (ED), or 4) ES + A23187 + 6-DMAP (ECD). After activation, parthenogenetic embryos were in vitro cultured in PZM-3 medium and sampled to analyze the x-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) mRNA, ER stress-associated genes and apoptotic genes at 3 h post ES and the 1-cell and blastocyst stages. The un-spliced and spliced x-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) mRNA were confirmed by RT-PCR. Also ER stress-associated genes, such as the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), binding protein (BiP), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94), and apoptotic genes were analyzed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). The band intensities of spliced Xbp1 (Xbp1s) mRNA was higher in the EC group than other three groups at 3 h and the 1-cell stage, while it was higher in the ED groups compared with E group at the blastocyst stage. Four ER stress-associated genes were showed the highest expression in the EC group and weakly expressed in the ED group at 3 h. However, most of those genes were highly expressed in EC and ECD groups at the 1-cell and blastocyst stages with some variation. The expressions of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and caspase-3 mRNAs were significantly higher in EC group than other three groups at all stages. The developmental rate to the blastocyst stage was higher (p<0.05) in ED and ECD groups (32.1±3.8 to 34.6±2.2%) than that of E group (26.1±3.9%). These results suggest that the intracellular ER stress of parthenogenetic porcine embryos is affected by activation method and subsequently lead to the apoptosis of embryos.

Effects of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Inhibitor Treatment during the Micromanipulation of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer in Porcine Oocytes

Park, Yeo-Reum,Park, Hye-Bin,Kim, Mi-Jeong,Jung, Bae-Dong,Lee, Seunghyung,Park, Choon-Keun,Cheong, Hee-Tae The Korean Society of Developmental Biology 2019 발생과 생식 Vol.23 No.1

We examined the effects of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor treatment during the micromanipulation of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) on the in vitro development of SCNT embryos. ER stress inhibitors such as salubrinal (200 nM) and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA; $100{\mu}M$) were added to the micromanipulation medium and holding medium. The expression of X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1), ER-stress-associated genes, and apoptotic genes in SCNT embryos was confirmed at the one-cell and blastocyst stages. Levels of Xbp1 splicing and expression of ER-stress-associated genes in SCNT embryos at the one-cell stage decreased significantly with TUDCA treatment (p<0.05). The expression of ER-stress-associated genes also decreased slightly with the addition of both salubrinal and TUDCA (Sal+TUD). The expression levels of caspase-3 and Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax) mRNA were also significantly lower in the TUDCA and Sal+TUD treatments (p<0.05). At the blastocyst stage, there were no differences in levels of Xbp1 splicing, and transcription of ER-stress-associated genes and apoptosis genes between control and treatment groups. However, the blastocyst formation rate (20.2%) and mean blastocyst cell number ($63.0{\pm}7.2$) were significantly higher (p<0.05) for embryos in the TUDCA treatment compared with those for control (12.6% and $41.7{\pm}3.1$, respectively). These results indicate that the addition of ER-stress inhibitors, especially TUDCA, during micromanipulation can inhibit cellular damage and enhance in vitro development of SCNT embryos by reducing stress levels in the ER.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress Inhibitor or Antioxidant Treatments during Micromanipulation Can Inhibit Both ER and Oxidative Stresses in Porcine SCNT Embryos

Hye-Bin Park,Yeo-Reum Park,Mi-Jeong Kim,정배동,박춘근,정희태 한국발생생물학회 2020 발생과 생식 Vol.24 No.1

We investigated the effects of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor and antioxidant treatments during the micromanipulation of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) on in vitro development of SCNT embryos. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an ER stress inhibi�tor and vitamin C (Vit. C), an antioxidant, were treated by alone or in combination, then, the level of X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) splicing and the expressions of ER stress-associated genes, oxidative stress-related genes, and apoptotic genes were confirmed in the 1-cell and blastocyst stages. In the 1-cell stage, the levels of Xbp1 splicing were significantly decreased in TUDCA and Vit. C treatment groups compared to the control (p<0.05). In addition, the expression levels of most ER stress-associated genes and oxidative stress-related genes were significantly lower in all treatment groups than the control (p<0.05), and the transcript levels of apoptotic genes were also significantly lower in all treatment groups than the control (p<0.05). In the blastocyst stage, decreased expression of ER stress-, oxidative stress-, and apoptosis-related genes were observed only in some treatments. However, the blastocyst formation rates in TUDCA and Vit. C treatment groups (24.8% and 22.0%, respectively) and mean blastocyst cell number in all treatment groups (59.7±4.3 to 63.5±3.3) were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of control. The results showed that the TUDCA or Vit. C treatment during micromanipulation inhibited both ER and oxidative stresses in the early stage of SCNT embryos, thereby reducing cell damage and promoting in vitro development.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress and Apoptosis in Parthenogenetic Porcine Embryos following Different Combination of Activation Methods

Hye-Bin Park,Yeo-Reum Park,Hwa-Yeon Lee,Hyo-Kyung Bae,Seunghyung Lee,Choon-Keun Park,Boo-Keun Yang,Hee-Tae Cheong 한국수정란이식학회 2017 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.32 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of activation method on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induction, apoptosis and in vitro development of porcine parthenogenetic embryos. Porcine in vitro matured oocytes were activated by four activation methods; 1) electric stimulus (ES) (E), 2) ES+10 μM Ca-ionophore (A23187) treatment (EC), 3) ES+2 mM 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) treatment (ED), or 4) ES+A23187 and 6-DMAP treatments (ECD). Parthenogenetic embryos were sampled to analyze x-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) mRNA, ER stress-associated genes and apoptosis genes at 3 h after ES and the 1-cell and blastocyst stages. In the EC group, the band intensity of spliced Xbp1 (Xbp1s) mRNA was higher than those of the other groups at the 3 h and 1-cell stage, and higher than that of the E group at the blastocyst stage. Four ER stress-associated genes were expressed at the highest level in the EC group and weakly expressed in the ED group at 3 h after activation. However, most of the genes were highly expressed at the 1-cell and blastocyst stages with some variation in the EC and ECD groups. Expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and caspase-3 mRNA was significantly higher in the EC group than in the other groups at all development stages. The developmental rates to the blastocyst stage were higher in the ED and ECD groups than in the E and EC groups. These results suggest that the intracellular ER stress of parthenogenetic porcine embryos is affected by the activation method and subsequently lead to the apoptosis of embryos.

한국 서·남해안 연안생태계의 염생식물군락과 염생식물상의 특성에 관한 연구

박지원(jiwon Park),김의주(Eui Joo Kim),이정민(jungmin Lee),김윤서(Yoonseo Kim),박여빈(Yeo Bin Park),박재훈(Jae-Hoon Park),김세희(Se Hee Kim),조경미(Kyung Mi Cho),최윤경(Yoon Kyung Choi ),서지현(Ji Hyun Seo),서주현(Joo Hyun Seo),유영한(Y 한국습지학회 2024 한국습지학회지 Vol.26 No.1

한국은 삼면이 바다로 되어 있어 염습지와 이에 인접한 해안사구가 발달되어 있다. 본 연구는 한국 서·남해안의 염습지와 사구에서 나타나는 염생식물의 군집과 식물상의 특성을 48개 지소의 571 식분에서 조사하고, 분석하여 연안 생태계의 특성을 밝히고자 시도하였다. 그 결과, 염습지에 분포하는 식물군락은 39개이었으며, 갈대군락의 분포면적이 가장 넓었고, 버들명아주군락이 가장좁았다. 나문재군락이 해안선으로부터 가장 근접하여 분포하였고, 해홍나물군락이 해양쪽으로 가장 멀리까지 분포하였다. 해안사구에 분포하는 식물군락은 29개이었으며, 갯그령군락의 분포면적이 가장 넓었고, 수송나물군락이 가장좁았고, 갯메꽃군락이 해안선으로부터 가장 근접하여 분포하였고, 해당화군락이 내륙쪽으로 가장 멀리까지 분포하였다. 염습지의 식물상은 6과 14속 17종 1변종 18분류군 이였으며(식물구계학적 점수; 16점), 해안사구는 11과 18속20종 1변종 21분류군(식물구계학적 점수; 34점)으로 해안사구가 염습지 보다 약간 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 한국 서남해의 연안에서는 해안사구가 염습지보다 해수의 영향을 간접적으로 받기 때문에 염도에 약한 식물도 생육할수 있기 때문으로 해석된다. Korea is surrounded by the sea on three sides, salt marshes and coastal sand dunes adjacent to them are developed. This study attempted to reveal the characteristics of the coastal ecosystem by investigating and analyzing the characteristics of plant communities and flora of 571stands of 48 sites in the salt marshes and coastal sand dunes on the western and southern coasts of Korea..As a result, in the salt marshes, 39 vegetation units appeared, with Phragmites australis community having the widest area and Chenopodium virgatum community having the narrowest area. Suaeda glauca community was distributed closest to the coastline, while Suaeda maritima community extended the farthest seaward. In the coastal sand dunes, 29 vegetation units were distributed with Elymus mollis community having the widest area and Salsola komarovii community having the narrowest area. Calystegia soldanella community was showed closest to the coastline, while Rosa rugosa community extended the farthest landward. The flora of the salt marshes consisted of 6 families, 14 genera, 17 species, 1 variant, and 18 taxa (floristic regional indicator score; 16) and the coastal sand dunes consisted of 11 families, 18 genera, 20 species, 1 variant, and 21 taxa (floristic regional indicator score; 34) appeared slightly higher than that of salt marshes. This result is interpreted that halophyte that are sensitive to salinity can grow on the coast of the west-south coast of Korea because coastal sand dunes are more indirectly affected by sea than salt marshes.

Selective inhibition of V600E-mutant BRAF gene induces apoptosis in thyroid carcinoma cell lines

Kyoung Sik Park,Madhuri Saindane,Eun Yeol Yang,TongYi Jin,Harikrishna Reddy Rallabandi,Alexander Heil,Sang Eun Nam,Young Bum Yoo,Jung-Hyun Yang,Jong Bin Kim,Seo-Young Park,Won Seo Park,Yeo-Kyu Youn 대한외과학회 2021 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.100 No.3

Purpose: Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has a high incidence of BRAF<SUP>V600E</SUP> mutation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential relationship between thyroiditis and BRAF<SUP>V600E</SUP> mutation status in patients with PTC. We investigated how a selective inhibitor of BRAF<SUP>V600E</SUP> PLX4032 affects the proliferation and inflammatory cytokine levels of thyroid cancer. Methods: Two thyroid cancer cell lines TPC1 and 8505C were treated with PLX4032, an analysis was done on cell growth, cell cycle, the degree of apoptosis, and levels of inflammatory cytokines. To identify the functional links of BRAF, we used the STRING database. Results: Docking results illustrated PLX4032 blocked the kinase activity by exclusively binding on the serine/threonine kinase domain. STRING results indicated BRAF is functionally linked to mitogen-activated protein kinase. Both cell lines showed a dose-dependent reduction in growth rate but had a different half maximal inhibitory concentration value for PLX4032. The reaction to PLX4032 was more sensitive in the 8505C cells than in the TPC1 cells. PLX4032 induced a G2/M phase arrest in the TPC1 cells and G0/G1 in the 8505C cells. PLX4032 induced apoptosis only in the 8505C cells. With PLX4032, the TPC1 cells showed decreased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2/monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, whereas the 8505C cells showed significantly decreased levels of IL-8, serpin E1/plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3. Conclusion: PLX4032 was cytotoxic in both TPC1 and 8505C cells and induced apoptosis. In the 8505C cells, inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8 and MMP-3 were down-regulated. These findings suggest the possibility that the BRAF<SUP>V600E</SUP> mutation needs to target inflammatory signaling pathways in the treatment of thyroid cancer.