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The Clinical Features of Korean Patients with Duane`s Retraction Syndrome
( Won Ho Park ),( Dae Hyun Son ),( Sang Won Yoon ),( Seung-hee Baek ),( Sang Mook Kong ) 대한안과학회 2005 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.19 No.2
Purpose: To describe the clinical features of Duane`s retraction syndrome (DRS) in Korean patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the 78 DRS cases that presented to our department between 1995 and 2004. The clinical features investigated included sex distribution, laterality, type of presentation, deviation in primary position, anomalous vertical movements, face turn, amblyopia and anisometropia. Results: There were 38 (48.7%) affected males and 40 (51.3%) females. Left eye predominance (83.3%) was observed, as was typeⅠ presentation (85.9%). Orthotropia was found to be the most common primary position in 46 cases (59.0%). Face turn in unilateral DRS was noted in 13 patients (17.1%). There were 6 cases (7.7%) with anisometropia and 4 (5.1%) with amblyopia. Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of DRS in our study were different from those of equivalent Caucasian studies yet similar to those previously reported for Asian groups. Racial and regional differences were noted, for which further research is needed to elaborate the reasons and mechanisms.
Kong, Sun-Young,Lim, Hyeong-Seok,Nam, Byung-Ho,Kook, Myeong-Cherl,Kim, Young-Woo,Won Ryu, Keun,Lee, Jun Ho,Choi, Il Ju,Lee, Jin Soo,Park, Young-Iee,Kim, Noe Kyeong,Park, Sook Ryun Future Medicine 2009 Pharmacogenomics Vol.10 No.7
<P>AIMS: S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine, contains tegafur, which is converted to 5-fluorouracil mainly by CYP2A6. We evaluated the association between CYP2A6 polymorphisms and treatment outcome in metastatic gastric cancer patients treated with S-1 plus docetaxel. MATERIALS & METHODS: Chemonaive patients received S-1 40 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1-14 and docetaxel 35 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 of a 3-week cycle. We analyzed the wild-type (W) allele (CYP2A6*1) and four variant (V) alleles that abolish or reduce enzyme activity (CYP2A6*4, *7, *9 and *10). A total of 50 patients were enrolled. RESULTS: The genotype frequencies were as follows: W/W (n=14, 28%), W/V (n=26, 52%) and V/V (n=0, 20%). Patients having fewer variant alleles had significantly better response rates (W/W vs W/V vs V/V=79 vs 65 vs 30%; p=0.04) and median progression-free survival (W/W vs W/V vs V/V=8.1 vs 6.9 vs 3.1 months; p=0.0009). CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that the CYP2A6 genotype correlated with the treatment efficacy of S-1-based chemotherapy in previously untreated metastatic gastric cancer patients.</P>
Kong, Won-Ho,Sung, Dong-Kyung,Shim, Yong-Ho,Bae, Ki Hyun,Dubois, Philippe,Park, Tae Gwan,Kim, Jin-Hoon,Seo, Soo-Won Elsevier 2009 Journal of controlled release Vol.138 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Two different and well-defined methacrylate-based (co)polymers were employed as a polymeric siRNA delivery system. siRNA, poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) homopolymers (PDMAEMA) and poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate)-<I>b</I>-poly (ethyleneglycol) α-methoxy, ω-methacrylate (PDMAEMA-<I>b</I>-PMAPEG) palm-tree-like copolymer ternary complexes were prepared using a rapid and simple two-step mixing protocol involving noncovalent post-PEGylation, and physicochemical properties including hydrodynamic diameter, zeta-potential and siRNA condensation efficiency were characterized. Transfection efficiency, intracellular uptake, and cytotoxicity of ternary complexes were also evaluated. Ternary complexes provide efficient condensation and compaction of siRNA within the cationic core of complexes. Noncovalent post-PEGylation provides the ternary complexes with enzymatic and serum stability without harming complex formation and condensation of siRNA. Thereby, under an optimal N/P ratio, ternary complexes exhibited brilliant gene silencing efficiency with low cytotoxicity in media containing 10% serum. Confocal microscopy clearly showed efficient and even intracellular uptake of complexes by cells via endocytosis. This study highlights the excellent properties of noncovalent post-PEGylated ternary complexes produced by rapid and simple mixing. Accordingly, these findings suggest that the formation of ternary complexes could be utilized as a safe and effective polymeric siRNA delivery strategy.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P><P>The ternary complexes were efficiently taken up by cells and silenced the target gene expression with low cytotoxicity under conditions involving serum exposure.</P><P>Fx1</P>
Multimerized siRNA Cross-linked by Gold Nanoparticles
Kong, Won Ho,Bae, Ki Hyun,Hong, Cheol Am,Lee, Yuhan,Hahn, Sei Kwang,Park, Tae Gwan American Chemical Society 2011 Bioconjugate chemistry Vol.22 No.10
<P>In this study, siRNAs terminated with thiol groups were multimerized and cross-linked using ∼5 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) via Au–S chemisorption that can be intracellularly reduced. AuNPs immobilized with single-stranded antisense siRNA were assembled with those with single-stranded sense siRNA via complementary hybridization or assembled with those with single-stranded dimeric sense siRNA. The multimerized siRNA cross-linked by AuNPs showed increased charge density and enhanced enzymatic stability, and exhibited good complexation behaviors with a polycationic carrier, linear polyethylenimine (L-PEI). The resultant multi-siRNA/AuNPs/L-PEI polyelectrolyte complexes exhibited far greater gene silencing efficiencies of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) compared to naked siRNA complexes. They could also be visualized by micro-CT imaging. The results suggest that AuNP-mediated multimerization of siRNAs could be a rational approach to achieve both gene silencing and imaging at a target tissue simultaneously.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/bcches/2011/bcches.2011.22.issue-10/bc200172p/production/images/medium/bc-2011-00172p_0006.gif'></P>
An Efficient Search Algorithm for Finding Genomic-Range Overlaps Based on the Maximum Range Length
Ho-Sik Seok,Taemin Song,Sek Won Kong,Kyu-Baek Hwang IEEE 2015 IEEE/ACM transactions on computational biology and Vol.12 No.4
<P>Efficient search algorithms for finding genomic-range overlaps are essential for various bioinformatics applications. A majority of fast algorithms for searching the overlaps between a query range (e.g., a genomic variant) and a set of N reference ranges (e.g., exons) has time complexity of O(k + logN), where kdenotes a term related to the length and location of the reference ranges. Here, we present a simple but efficient algorithm that reduces k, based on the maximum reference range length. Specifically, for a given query range and the maximum reference range length, the proposed method divides the reference range set into three subsets: always, potentially, and never overlapping. Therefore, search effort can be reduced by excluding never overlapping subset. We demonstrate that the running time of the proposed algorithm is proportional to potentially overlapping subset size, that is proportional to the maximum reference range length if all the other conditions are the same. Moreover, an implementation of our algorithm was 13.8 to 30.0 percent faster than one of the fastest range search methods available when tested on various genomic-range data sets. The proposed algorithm has been incorporated into a disease-linked variant prioritization pipeline for WGS (http://gnome.tchlab.org) and its implementation is available at http://ml.ssu.ac.kr/gSearch.</P>
Kong, Won Ho,Bae, Ki Hyun,Jo, Sung Duk,Kim, Jee Seon,Park, Tae Gwan Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2012 Pharmaceutical research Vol.29 No.2
<P>Cationic lipid-coated gold nanoparticles were developed for efficient intracellular delivery of therapeutic siRNA.</P>
Molecular Marker Related to Fruitbody Color of Flammulina velutipes
Kong, Won-Sik,You, Chang-Hyun,Yoo, Young-Bok,Kim, Gyu-Hyun,Kim, Kwang-Ho The Korean Society of Mycology 2004 Mycobiology Vol.32 No.1
White and brown strains of Flammulina velutipes were inter-crossed. All $F_1$ showed light-brown fruitbody, suggesting that a gene for the brown fruitbody was incompletely dominant against the white one. And backcross experiment showed that more than two genes were involved in color determination. To isolate a molecular marker linked to fruitbody color, a set of primers was designed from a sequence of clones derived by a bulked segregant analysis. These markers showed a specific band which co-segregated with brown fruitbody forming strains.