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      • KCI등재

        Impact of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Diseases on Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 in Daegu Metropolitan City

        Park Bo Eun,Lee Jang Hoon,Park Hyuk Kyoon,Kim Hong Nyun,Jang Se Yong,Bae Myung Hwan,Yang Dong Heon,Park Hun Sik,Cho Yongkeun,Lee Bong Yul,Nam Chang Wook,Lee Jin Bae,Kim Ung,Chae Shung Chull,Daegu COVI 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.2

        Background: Data regarding the association between preexisting cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and the outcomes of patients requiring hospitalization for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of preexisting CVRFs or CVDs on the outcomes of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in a Korean healthcare system. Methods: Patients with COVID-19 admitted to 10 hospitals in Daegu Metropolitan City, Korea, were examined. All sequentially hospitalized patients between February 15, 2020, and April 24, 2020, were enrolled in this study. All patients were confirmed to have COVID-19 based on the positive results on the polymerase chain reaction testing of nasopharyngeal samples. Clinical outcomes during hospitalization, such as requiring intensive care and invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) and death, were evaluated. Moreover, data on baseline comorbidities such as a history of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, current smoking, heart failure, coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular accidents, and other chronic cardiac diseases were obtained. Results: Of all the patients enrolled, 954 (42.0%) had preexisting CVRFs or CVDs. Among the CVRFs, the most common were hypertension (28.8%) and diabetes mellitus (17.0%). The prevalence rates of preexisting CVRFs or CVDs increased with age (P < 0.001). The number of patients requiring intensive care (P < 0.001) and invasive MV (P < 0.001) increased with age. The in-hospital death rate increased with age (P < 0.001). Patients requiring intensive care (5.3% vs. 1.6%; P < 0.001) and invasive MV (4.3% vs. 1.7%; P < 0.001) were significantly greater in patients with preexisting CVRFs or CVDs. In-hospital mortality (12.9% vs. 3.1%; P < 0.001) was significantly higher in patients with preexisting CVRFs or CVDs. Among the CVRFs, diabetes mellitus and hypertension were associated with increased requirement of intensive care and invasive MV and in-hospital death. Among the known CVDs, coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure were associated with invasive MV and in-hospital death. In multivariate analysis, preexisting CVRFs or CVDs (odds ratio [OR], 1.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–3.01; P = 0.027) were independent predictors of in-hospital death after adjusting for confounding variables. Among individual preexisting CVRF or CVD components, diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.51–3.90; P < 0.001) and congestive heart failure (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.06–5.87; P = 0.049) were independent predictors of in-hospital death. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, the patients with confirmed COVID-19 with preexisting CVRFs or CVDs had worse clinical outcomes. Caution is required in dealing with these patients at triage.

      • KCI등재

        고리뼈를 이용한 한국인의 성별판별

        박대균(Dae-Kyoon Park),라종주(Jong-Joo Ra),박경호(Kyung-Ho Park),고정식(Jeong-Sik Ko),김덕임(Deog-Im Kim),김이석(Yi-Suk Kim),이우영(U-Young Lee),정인혁(In-Hyuk Chung),한승호(Seung-Ho Han) 대한체질인류학회 2009 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.22 No.3

        법의인류학자가 개인식별항목(biological profile)을 추정할 때, 사망이전 정보를 알고 있는 뼈표본을 이용하여 규명한 통계학적 자료를 활용한다. 외국의 경우 정해진 인구집단을 대상으로 체질인류학적 방법으로 연구한 통계학적 자료가 존재하기 때문에 개인식별항목을 추정할 수 있는 가능성이 높다. 그런데 한국인의 경우 사망이전 정보를 알고 있는 뼈표본이 거의 없기 때문에 개인식별항목을 추정하기 위한 통계학적 자료가 부족하다. 이 연구에서는 사망이전 정보를 알고 있는 뼈표본에서 고리뼈(atlas)를 계측하여 한국인의 성별을 추정할 수 있는지 조사하였다. 순천향대학교 의과대학 해부학교실과 연세대학교 의과대학 해부학교실에 보관 중인 고리뼈 43개(남성 25개, 여성 18개)를 계측하였다. 디지털밀림자를 이용하여 고리뼈 계측항목들을 계측하였고, 컴퓨터 통계프로그램을 이용하여 성별판별함수와 그 함수의 정확도를 계산하였다. 21개의 고리뼈 계측항목들 중에서 고리뼈너비(width of atlas)가 성별을 추정하는 데 매우 유용하였다. 성별판별함수에 각 항목들을 단독으로 적용한 결과에서 정확도가 65% 이상 높게 나타난 항목은 6개였고, 이 6개 항목을 조합하여 계산한 성별판별함수의 정확도는 93.9%였다. 한편 모든 항목을 단계별로 적용한 성별판별함수의 정확도는 97%였다. 성별을 추정하기 위한 뼈대의 계측학적 연구는 주로 머리뼈나 골반을 이루는 뼈에서 집중되어 수행되었으며, 머리뼈와 관절을 이루는 뼈대인 고리뼈를 이용한 성별판별 연구는 많지 않다. 이번 연구의 결과로 한국인에서 고리뼈는 성별의 차이를 나타내므로 한국인의 개인식별항목을 추정하는 데 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. When forensic anthropologists tried to reconstruct the biological profile, they would rely on the statistical data of documented human osteological/anatomical specimens. However, the metric data of Korean ancestry which is suitable for determining sex has not been established because documented human skeletal specimens are lack in Korean. The aim of this study is to discuss the possibility of determination of sex by metric data of atlas in Koreans. We measured 43 (male 25 and female 18) atlas from the department of anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University and the department of anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine. We measured 21 measurements of atlas using digimatic caliper and performed statistic analysis using SPSS to establish the discriminant functions. Among 21 measurements of atlas, the measurement values of the width of atlas exhibited the strongest relation with sexes. The accuracy of arbitrary discriminant functions derived from 6 measurements exhibited 93.9% and that of stepwise discriminant functions derived from 3 measurements exhibited 97.0%. In conclusion, this study could indicate that metric data of atlas is helpful to determine the sex in Koreans, but a further investigation should be followed.

      • KCI등재SCOPUS

        Preoperative Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of pT0 Prostate Cancer in Radical Prostatectomy

        Park, Junsoo,Jeong, In Gab,Bang, Jeong Kyoon,Cho, Young Mee,Ro, Jae Y.,Hong, Jun Hyuk,Ahn, Hanjong,Kim, Choung-Soo The Korean Urological Association 2010 Korean Journal of Urology Vol.51 No.6

        <P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>To analyze the preoperative clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with pT0 prostate cancer.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P>We retrospectively reviewed the records of 702 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) at our institution between January 2004 and July 2008 for clinically localized prostate cancer. If there was no evidence of residual tumor in the pathological specimen of the prostate, a patient was staged as pT0. Patients with pT0 disease were compared with a control group of patients who were operated on during the same period.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Overall, 9 (1.3%) patients were staged as pT0 on the pathologic examination. Significant differences were observed between the pT0 group and the control patients in the biopsy Gleason score (p=0.004), the number of positive cores on biopsy (p=0.018), the tumor length of positive cores (p<0.001), and prostate volume (p=0.015). Cutoff values predictive of pT0 tumor status were defined as a biopsy Gleason score sum ≤6, 2 or fewer positive biopsy cores, tumor length on biopsy ≤2 mm, and prostate volume >30 cm<SUP>3</SUP>. Whereas 8 of the 9 (88.9%) pT0 patients showed all of these characteristics, only 55 of the 693 (7.9%) control patients fulfilled the criteria. The combination suggested above afforded a sensitivity of 88.8% and a specificity of 92.1% for the prediction of pT0 status.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>The frequency of pT0 prostate cancer seen on RP was 1.3%. A combination of clinicopathological features, incorporating a biopsy Gleason score, the number of positive biopsy cores, tumor length on biopsy, and prostate volume, was useful to predict pT0 stage on RP.</P>

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재

        A Digital Readout IC with Digital Offset Canceller for Capacitive Sensors

        Dong-Hyuk Lim,Sang-Yoon Lee,Woo-Seok Choi,Jun-Eun Park,Deog-Kyoon Jeong 대한전자공학회 2012 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.12 No.3

        A digital readout IC for capacitive sensors is presented. Digital capacitance readout circuits suffer from static capacitance of sensors, especially single-ended sensors, and require large passive elements to cancel such DC offset signal. For this reason, to maximize a dynamic range with a small die area, the proposed circuit features digital filters having a coarse and fine compensation steps. Moreover, by employing switched-capacitor circuit for the front-end, correlated double sampling (CDS) technique can be adopted to minimize low-frequency device noise. The proposed circuit targeted 8-㎑ signal bandwidth and oversampling ratio (OSR) of 64, thus a 3<SUP>rd</SUP>-order ΔΣ modulator operating at 1 ㎒ was used for pulse-density-modulated (PDM) output. The proposed IC was designed in a 0.18-㎛ CMOS mixed-mode process, and occupied 0.86 × 1.33 ㎟. The measurement results shows suppressed DC power under about -30 ㏈FS with minimized device flicker noise.

      • KCI등재

        Predicting Working Memory Capacity in Older Subjects Using Quantitative Electroencephalography

        Jae Hyuk Shin,Kyungun Jhung,Jae Seok Heo,Suk Kyoon An,Jin Young Park 대한신경정신의학회 2018 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.15 No.8

        Objective_We utilized a spectral and network analysis technique with an integrated support vector classification algorithm for the automated detection of cognitive capacity using resting state electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Methods_An eyes-closed resting EEG was recorded in 158 older subjects, and spectral EEG parameters in seven frequency bands, as well as functional brain network parameters were, calculated. In the feature extraction stage, the statistical power of the spectral and network parameters was calculated for the low-, moderate-, and high-performance groups. Afterward, the highly-powered features were selected as input into a support vector machine classifier with two discrete outputs: low- or high-performance groups. The classifier was then trained using a training set and the performance of the classification process was evaluated using a test set. Results_The performance of the Support Vector Machine was evaluated using a 5-fold cross-validation and area under the curve values of 70.15% and 74.06% were achieved for the letter numbering task and the spatial span task. Conclusion_In this study, reliable results for classification accuracy and specificity were achieved. These findings provide an example of a novel method for parameter analysis, feature extraction, training, and testing the cognitive function of elderly subjects based on a quantitative EEG signal.

      • Maximizing volumetric energy density of all-graphene-oxide-supercapacitors and their potential applications for energy harvest

        Kim, Hyuk Joon,Lee, Seul-Yi,Sinh, Le Hoang,Yeo, Chang Su,Son, Yeong Rae,Cho, Kang Rae,Song, YoonKyu,Ju, Sanghyun,Shin, Min Kyoon,Park, Soo-Jin,Park, SangYoon Elsevier 2017 Journal of Power Sources Vol.346 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Graphene has attracted widespread attention for supercapacitor applications thank to their excellent conductivity, mechanical flexibility, chemical stability and extremely high specific surface area. Here, all-graphene-oxide-supercapacitors were developed from two reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films as electrodes and one graphene oxide (GO) film as separator. The supercapacitors were then treated with 4M sulfuric acid at temperatures around 80 °C. By this treatment, the sulfuric acid molecules were physically intercalated into both rGO and GO films, which were confirmed by significant decrease intensity of characteristic peaks of sulfuric acid in Raman spectra. These sulfuric-acid-intercalated GO films can function as both quasi-solid-state electrolytes and separators. The average capacitance values measured at 100 mV s<SUP>−1</SUP> of the thermally wetted supercapacitor at 84 °C is improved 93.7 times higher than that of the as-prepared all-graphene-oxide-supercapacitor. The maximum capacitance of 266 F cm<SUP>−3</SUP> is obtained at scan rate 10 mV s<SUP>−1</SUP> for the thermally wetted supercapacitor at 84 °C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest specific capacitance that has ever been reported for a graphene oxide-based supercapacitor. Importantly, being in a quasi-solid-state, the energy storage performance of supercapacitors are persistent over several thousand cycles, making it very much unlike other carbon-based supercapacitors.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Quasi-solid-state all-graphene-oxide-supercapacitors were developed for the first time. </LI> <LI> Thermal wetting of the supercapacitors with H<SUB>2</SUB>SO<SUB>4</SUB> around 80 °C produces quasi-solid-state. </LI> <LI> A large volumetric capacitance of 266 F cm<SUP>−3</SUP> at a scan rate of 10 mV s<SUP>−1</SUP>. </LI> <LI> Energy storage performances of the supercapacitors are persistent over several thousand cycles. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

      • KCI등재후보

        BCG 또는 CP-2가 생쥐의 막창자꼬리점막상피의 DNA 합성에 미치는 영향

        정우혁(Woo-Hyuk Jung),안의태(E-Tay Ahn),박경호(Kyung-Ho Park),박대균(Dae-Kyoon Park),김명수(Myeong-Soo Kim),고정식(Jeong-Sik Ko) 대한해부학회 2006 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.39 No.5

        이 실험에서는 Ehrlich 암세포를 샅부위에 이식한 후 결핵예방백신으로 이용되는 BCG와 황련(Coptis chinensis)과 파두(Croton tiglium)에서 추출한 생약제제인 CP-2를 투여하였을 때 생쥐 막창자꼬리 점막조직의 형태학적 변화와 DNA합성능을 비교 연구하였다. 실험동물로는 체중 25 gm 내외의 성숙한 생쥐(ICR계통)를 정상대조군과 실험군(암세포이식대조군, 암세포이 식후 BCG 투여군, 암세포이식후 CP-2 투여군)으로 구분하였으며 각 실험군당 5마리씩의 동물을 사용하였다. 실험군 동물들은 샅부위 피부밑조직에 각각 1×107의 Ehrlich암세포를 주사하여 이식하였다. BCG 투여군은 방광암 치료용으로 농축 건조하여 제조된 BCG를 25 g당 0.5 mL, CP-2군은 30 mg/kg을 0.5 mL씩 하루건너 한 번씩 피부밑조직에 주사하였다. 자기방사법적 관찰을 위해서는 모든 실험동물을 마지막 주사 후, 하루주기에 따른 DNA합성능의 변화를 최소화하기 위하여 다음날 오전 9시에서 10시 사이에 3H-thymidine 0.7 μCi/gm을 꼬리에 한번 정맥주사하고, 70분 후 도살하여 막창자꼬리조직을 떼어내어 10% formalin에 고정한 후 표본을 제작하였다. 관찰은 막창자꼬리조직이 세로로 잘 절단된 부위를 택하여 점막근육판을 따라 점막길이 3.5mm의 창자샘상피에 분포하는 3H-thymidine 표지세포수를 계수하였으며 일반조직 관찰을 위해서는 hematoxylin-eosin (H-E)염색을 시행하였다. 일반조직 관찰에서 암세포이식대조군, BCG 투여군 및 CP-2 투여군은 정상대조군에 비하여 고유판에서 림프구와 호산성백혈구가 비교적 많이 관찰된 것 이외에는 별다른 차이가 없었다. 자기방사법적 관찰에서 정상대조군, 암세포이식대조군, BCG 투여군 및 CP-2 투여군은 막창자꼬리 점막길이 3.5mm당 출현하는 은입자 표지세포수가 각각 362.2±56.12, 350.7±71.13, 265.8±27.08 및 241.3±53.29개 였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 보면 BCG와 CP-2는 막창자꼬리의 점막상피세포의 DNA합성능을 상당히 억제하나 형태학적인 손상은 거의 주지 않는 약품이라고 생각된다. This experiment was performed to evaluate the morphological responses of the appendicular mucosa of the mouse, inoculated with Ehrlich carcinoma cells in the inguinal area, following administration of BCG or CP-2 (Coptis chinensis-Croton tiglium extracts). Healthy adult ICR mice weighing 25 gm each were divided into normal and experimental groups (experimental control, BCG or CP-2 treated group). Each experimental group mouse was inoculated with 1×107 Ehrlich carcinoma cells subcutaneously in the inguinal area. From the next day after inoculations, 0.2 mL of saline, BCG (0.5 mL/25 g B.W.: 0.03×108~0.32×108 CFU) or CP-2 (30 mg/kg) were injected subcutaneously to the animals every other day, respectively. The day following the 7 th injection of BCG or CP-2, each mouse was injected with a single dose of 0.7μCi/gm of methyl-3H-thymidine (25 Ci/mmol, Amersham Lab., England) through tail vein. Seventy minutes after the tritiated thymidine injection, animals were sacrificed. The number of the labeled epithelial cells of the appendicular mucosae were observed and evaluated. On histological studies of the experimental control, BCG or CP-2 treated mice, general morphologies of the appendicular mucosae were similar. On autoradiographic study, number of the labeled cells of normal control, experimental control, BCG treated or CP-2 treated groups were 362.2±56.12, 350.7±42.65, 265.8±27.08 and 241.3 ±53.29, respectively. Above results show that BCG and CP-2 suppress the DNA synthetic activity of the epithelial cells of the appendix, but did not show any remarkable morphological alterations on the mucosae. These results suggest that BCG and CP-2 are ones of effective anticancer drugs for the cytostatic therapy.

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