Cultural Tradition of School Excursion and Collective Trauma of the Motor Vessel Sewol Accident

Hanson Park,Jungwon Choi 대한신경정신의학회 2019 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.16 No.4

The Motor Vessel Sewol accident was a horrible accident, and it had complex ripple effects in various areas such as politics, economy, and culture. In particular, the psychological impact of each individual in Korean society was great, and various explanations for the causes of such psychological mass trauma would be possible. One of these important causes is the historical memory about common cultural custom. Therefore, the historical and cultural memory of the school trips shared by members of Korean society may be one of the causes of the psychological trauma. This paper aims to explain the cultural and social functions of school trips in East Asian societies from a historical point of view. In addition, we will also analyse the reasons why shared cultural memories contributed to the formation of collective trauma of the accident from a cultural, anthropological and psychiatric point of view.

Evolutionary Ecological Model of Defence Activation Disorders Via the Marginal Value Theorem

Park Hanson 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.6

Objective Excessive activation of defence modules leads to some dysfunctional outcomes, which can be broadly classified to defence activation disorders. Defence activation disorders have high mortality, low fertility, high prevalence and high heritability. In this study, agent-based simulation model is formulated for solving this evolutionary paradox.Methods The emotional system is considered as a superordinate cognitive module for grasping the average resource amount and the average diminishing returns of resources, based on the Marginal Value Theorem. Under the assumption, the evolutionary ecological model was proposed and analysed.Results Individuals utilising suboptimal strategies can be stably maintained in agent-based evolutionary simulation environments. Individuals were adapted to have different <i>d-values</i> according to the local niche. The simulation runs stably within the calibrated range of the variables for a long time. Agents establish locally optimal strategies based on their given <i>d-values</i>, and the relative proportion of subpopulation maintained stably in the heterogeneous habitat with the resource gradient.Conclusion This study verifies the evolutionary mechanism of defence activation disorders in computer-simulated environments by using agent-based modelling with the Marginal Value Theorem. Balancing selection appears to be a plausible evolutionary mechanism that makes the suboptimal levels of defence activation the evolutionarily stable strategies.

Evolutionary Model of Depression as an Adaptation for Blocked Social Mobility

Park, Hanson,Pak, Sunyoung The Korean Society of Biological Psychiatry 2022 생물정신의학 Vol.29 No.1

Objectives In regard to the social competition hypothesis, depression is viewed as an involuntary defeat strategy. A previous study has demonstrated that adaptation in microenvironments can result in a wide range of behavioural patterns including defense activation disorders. Using a simulation model with evolutionary ecological agents, we explore how the fitness of various defence activation traits has changed over time in different environments with high and low social mobility. Methods The Evolutionary Ecological Model of Defence Activation Disorder, which is based on the Marginal Value Theorem, was used to examine changes in relative fitness for individuals with defensive activation disorders after adjusting for social mobility. Results Our study examined the effects of social mobility on fitness by varying the d-values, a measure of depression in the model. With a decline in social mobility, the level of fitness of individuals with high levels of defense activation decreased. We gained insight into the evolutionary influence of varying levels of social mobility on individuals' degrees of depression. In the context of a highly stratified society, the results support a mismatch hypothesis which states that high levels of defence are detrimental. Conclusions Despite the fact that niche specialization in habitats composed of multiple microenvironments can result in diverse levels of defensive activation being evolutionary strategies for stability, decreased social mobility may lead to a decrease in fitness of individuals with highly activated defence modules. There may be a reason behind the epidemic of depression in modern society.

의사-간호사 관계의 의료인류학적 고찰

박한선(Hanson Park),최정원(Jungwon Choi) 대한사회정신의학회 2014 사회정신의학 Vol.19 No.1

간호사는 의사와 일하는 가장 중요한 의료 직종 중에 하나이다. 의사와 간호사의역할에 대한 사회적 기준은 고정되지 않으며, 시간에 따라서 변화해왔다. 특히 의사와 간호사 권력 관계의 변화가 대표적이다. 의사-간호사 관계에 대한 기존 연구는 주로 이분법적 으로 정형화된 성적 역할에 초점이 맞춰져 있었다. 그러나 간호사의 전통적인 젠더 역할은 남자 간호사의 수가 증가하고, 젠더 평등성 이라는 전반적인 사회적 분위기와 더불어서 크게 변화하고 있다. 여기서는 간호사의 전통적 젠더 역할을 정리하고, 의사-간호사 게임, 준비 의례 및 가족 모델이라는 패러다임을 통해서 남성 간호사의 변화하는 역할에 대하여 조망해보고자 한다. The nurse is the one of vital health professionals with the medical doctor. Social norms about the role of the nurse and doctor has not been fixed, and changed after the fashion of the time, esp. the change of the power relationship between nurse and doctor. Previous approaches about the doctor-nurse relationship was mainly focused on the dichotomous gender stereotype. However, traditional gender role of the nurse is drastically changed due to the increasing number of male nurse and overall social movement of gender equality. We summarized the traditional gender role of the nurse, and took a view of evolving role of male nurse by the paradigm of the doctor-nurse game, preparation ritual and family model.

정신의학의 진화생태학적 연구 시 고려사항

박한선(Hanson Park) 한국인지과학회 2019 인지과학 Vol.30 No.4

정신장애에 관한 진화 연구는 다른 의학 연구에 비해 어렵다. 정신장애는 신체 질병에 비해 근연원인(proximate causation)이 불명확하고, 다양한 요인이 관여하며, 원인과 결과를 구분하기 어렵고, 실험적 연구를 수행하는 것도 쉽지 않기 때문이다. 이러한 난점에도 불구하고 우선 환원 모델을 이용하여 정신장애에 관한 진화 가설을 수립하고 이를 바탕으로 실제 데이터를 실증해나가는 방법이 가능할 것이다. 본고에서는 이러한 입장에서 생태학적 접근 방법을 진화정신의학 연구에 적용할 때 필요한 몇 가지 개념 정의에 대해 논의하고자 한다. 인간의 정신병리를 진화적으로 탐구할 때 적합한 설명의 수준, 연구 대상의 범위를 논의하고, 행동과 기능, 역기능의 개념 정의, 연구 대상으로서 적절한 선택의 층위에 대하여 다루고자 한다. Evolutionary research on mental disorders is relatively difficult compared to other medical studies. It is because the cause of mental disorder is unclear relative to other medical diseases, various proximate causations are involved. And it is difficult to distinguish cause and effect and to carry out experimental research. Despite these methodological difficulties, it is possible to establish an evolutionary hypothesis on mental disorders based on constructive reductionism, and to demonstrate actual data on the model based on this hypothesis. In this paper, I will discuss some conceptual definitions needed for applying ecological approaches to evolutionary psychiatric research. We will first discuss the appropriate level of explanations and the scope of the study subjects, then discuss the conceptual definition of behaviour and function, dysfunction and the appropriate level of selection.

인간과 영성

박한선(Hanson Park),김희준(Hee Jun Kim),최정원(Jungwon Choi),고석만(Seok-Man Ko),이상민(Sang-Min Lee),현준(June Hyun ),최영숙(Young-Sook Choi),신경철(Kyung-Chul Shin),강석진(Seok-Jin Kang),최용성(Yong-Sung Choi) 대한사회정신의학회 2013 사회정신의학 Vol.18 No.2

종교성은 개인의 삶에 주요한 영향을 주는 요인 중에 하나이다. 종교성 혹은 영성은 모든 인종과 민족에서 공통적으로 나타나지만, 인간 이외의 어떤 종에서도 관찰되지 않는 특징이 있다. 일부에서는 종교가 인간 인지의 영역 밖에 존재하기 때문에, 과학적으로 분석되는 것이 불가능하고 그래서도 곤란하다고 지적하기도 한다. 정신의학의 영역에서 이에 대한 학문적인 연구는 오랜 기간 동안 금기시되어오기도 했었다. 그러나 일부 선구적인 인류학적 연구들은 종교의 기능을 대하여 사회결속가설이나 의례치유가설 혹은 인지 적응이론 등으로 설명하기도 한다. 본 논문은 종교의 기원과 진화에 대한 전통적인 인류학적 설명을 사회인지적 기능 차원에서 살펴 보고, 인간의 정신에 종교성이 미치는 포괄적 영향에 대한 언급하고자 한다. Religiosity is one of major determinants of an individual’s life experience. Religiosity or spirituality is universal to all race and ethnicity, but human seems to be only organism among a variety of animals when it comes to spirituality. Some- one says that religiosity cannot (and should not) be analyzed scientifically because it exist beyond human cognition. In the psychiatric field, this area has also lain dormant for a long time due to some sort of academic taboos about spirituali-ty. However, some pioneers have been doing remarkable progresses to explain possible functions of religiosity by strong hypotheses, like social solidarity theory, ritual healing theory and theory of cognitive adaptation. This article review the traditional anthropological explanations of the origin and evolution of religion, several hypotheses of religion’s cognitive and social functions and the overall impact of religiosity to human mind.

트리거 처리 4 단계 일관성 레벨

박종범(Jongbum Park),Eric Hanson(Eric Hanson) 한국정보과학회 2002 정보과학회논문지 : 데이타베이스 Vol.29 No.6

비동기 트리거 처리기(ATP)는 데이타베이스 트랜잭션의 수행이 완료된 후에 트리거를 처리하는 소프트웨어 시스템이다. ATP 내에서는 트리거 조건의 효율적인 검사를 위하여 차별화 네트워크 (discrimination network)가 사용된다. 차별화 네트워크는 내부 상태를 메모리 노드에 저장한다. TriggerMan은 하나의 ATP로써 차별화 네트워크로써 Gator 네트워크를 사용한다. 데이타베이스의 내용 변화는 트리거맨에 토큰 형태로 전달된다. 트리거 조건의 검사는 토큰이 Gator 네트워크를 통과하면서 이루어지는데, 이때 Gator 네트워크의 메모리 노드들이 갱신된다. 토큰의 병렬처리는 시스템의 성능을 향상시키는 여러 방법 중 하나이지만 통제되지 않은 병렬처리는 잘못된 트리거 액션수행을 유발한다. 이 논문은, 최소한의 이상 현상만을 허용하며 토큰의 병렬 처리를 가능하게 하는, 네 가지 트리거 처리일관성 레벨을 제안한다. 우리는 각 일관성 레벨에 대하여 병렬 토큰 처리를 가능하게 하는 고유한 기술을 개발하였다. 제안된 기술은 안정된 방법이라는 사실이 공리를 통하여 증명되었으며, 이 기술은 실체화 된 (materialized) 뷰 유지 (view maintenance)에 사용될 수 있다. An asynchronous trigger processor (ATP) is a software system that processes triggers after update transactions to databases are complete. In an ATP, discrimination networks are used to check the trigger conditions efficiently. Discrimination networks store their internal states in memory nodes. TriggerMan is an ATP and uses Gator network as the discrimination network. The changes in databases are delivered to TriggerMan in the form of tokens. Processing tokens against a Gator network updates the memory nodes of the network and checks the condition of a trigger for which the network is built. Parallel token processing is one of the methods that can improve the system performance. However, uncontrolled parallel processing breaks trigger processing semantic consistency. In this paper, we propose four trigger processing consistency levels that allow parallel token processing with minimal anomalies. For each consistency level, a parallel token processing technique is developed. The techniques are proven to be valid and are also applicable to materialized view maintenance.

국내 정신과 의사의 항정신병 약물 장기 지속형 주사제 처방에 대한 인식조사

박한선,배승민,유재홍,김수인,임원정 大韓神經精神醫學會 2009 신경정신의학 Vol.48 No.3

Objectives Long acting injectable antipsychotic medication have the ability to sustain the drug effect for a long duration, thus enabling advances in the management of those psychiatric patients who have poor compliance or who have difficulty getting the oral form of their antipsychotic medications. Despite their benefits, previous studies have reported that depot antipsychotics have a much lower prescription ratein the treatment of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Psychiatrist's attitude toward depot antipsychotics clearly has an influence on the decision-making process regarding the selection of medications. Until now, there has been no data with respect to psychiatrists' attitudes regarding long-acting injectable antipsychotics in Korea. This Study examined these attitudes toward antipsychotic depot medications as well as the factors which could contribute to their choice of deports. Methods We questioned 347 psychiatrists, who had been attending a conference, about their attitudes toward depot antipsychotic treatment. Results The most important factor causing reluctance with respect to prescribing depot treatment (for both classes of antipsychotics) was a presumed sufficient level of compliance with available oral antipsychotic treatments. In addition, typical depots are not considered to be an appropriate treatment option for first-episode patients, and as a result, they are used sparingly. Lastly, atypical long-acting injectable drugs are avoided due to their strict criteria of insurance and high treatment costs. Conclusion Aversions to prescribe depot treatment are frequent among psychiatrists and appear to be unrelated to the antipsychotic class. The stated reasons for not choosing depots are generally not supported by the current literature. Further research is required to clarify the advantages using depot treatments.

정신장애의 진화유전학적 모델

박한선,Park, Hanson 대한생물정신의학회 2019 생물정신의학 Vol.26 No.2

Psychiatric disorder as dysfunctional behavioural syndrome is a paradoxical phenomenon that is difficult to explain evolutionarily because moderate prevalence rate, high heritability and relatively low fitness are shown. Several evolutionary genetic models have been proposed to address this paradox. In this paper, I explain each model by dividing it into selective neutrality, mutation-selection balance, and balancing selection hypothesis, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of them. In addition, the feasibility of niche specialization and frequency dependent selection as the plausible explanation about the central paradox is briefly discussed.

ISO26262를 접목한 MBSE Process 도입 사례

장현섭(Hyunseop(Hanson) Jang),이성훈(Sunghun Lee),박선홍(Sunhong(Sean) Park),남궁주(James Namgung),Scott Wendling 한국자동차공학회 2016 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.5

Today, A vehicle system design is becoming more and more complex because of the bigger potion of electrical part than yesterday. And vehicle level customer wants the project schedule to be less and a plenty of variants for 1 project. ISO26262, Which is a critical requirement about functional safety, also be required by customers. To meet these all requirement, we need state-of-the-art optimized system design, functional safety validation and verification, and so on. In this paper, we introduce the process based on model based system engineering and ISO26262 development procedure. It is required to change not only existing processes but also organization to correspond to ISO-26262 standard requirements effectively. When we develop a system following MBSE process, system effective analysis is easy cause of visualization of system. By doing so, an error from design change can be decreased and a quality problem can be prevented. And also there is an advantage of managing the traceability between a requirement and a design. We can inspect the logical errors and human errors by using automation functional of a software tool comparing with the ordinary method of system engineering. Auto-generated documentation is plus. This methodology is applied on development of EPS.