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박춘규,강태중,조규옥 한국식생활문화학회 2002 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.17 No.4
In order to establish the processing conditions for salt-fermented liquefaction of anchovy(Engrulis japonica), changes in the amino acid composition form oligopeptides during fermentation periods were analyzed. Experimental sample A: chopped whole anchovy, adding 20% water, heating at 50℃ for 9 hrs and then adding 10% NaCl. Sample B: chopped whole anchovy, adding 20% water, heating at 50℃ for 9hrs and then adding 13% NaCl. Sample C: chopped whole anchovy adding 13% NaCl. Sample D: whole anchovy adding 17% NaCl. The total amino acids from oligopeptides in fermented liquefaction of anchovy increased in early fermentation period and reached highest level, and then declined irregularly during fermentation. Their maximum amounts were just after heating at 50℃ for 9 hrs in sample A, after 15 days in sample B, and after 60 days in samples C and D. The fermented liquefaction of anchovy extracts were rich in glutamic acid, aspartic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, lysine and valine. However, the contents of most amino acids fluctuated by the experimental specimens and fermenting periods. Among them glutamic acid was the most abundant amino acid which was occupied 0.6~27.7%(average 24.0%) in the content of total amino acids from oligopeptides. The contribution of the amino acid composition from oligopeptides to extractive nitrogen was occupying average 20.8 and 17.5% in rapid- and low salt-fermented liquefation(sample A,B and C) and traditional fermented liquefaction(sample D), respectively.
박춘규,강태중,조규옥 한국식생활문화학회 2002 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.17 No.2
In order to establish the processing condition of rapid- and low salt-fermented liquefaction of anchovy (Engrulis japonica), effect of temperature on crude enzyme activity of anchovy viscera, pretreatment conditions, and the minimum content of adding NaCl were investigated. The minimum limitation of NaCl content for anchovy liquefaction was 10%. Sample A(water adding, heating, adding 10% NaCl): chopped whole anchovy adding 20% water and then heating for 9 hrs at 50℃ and then adding 10% NaCl and then fermented at room temperature(8-29℃) for 180 days. Sample B(water adding, heating, adding 13% NaCl): chopped whole anchovy adding 20% water and then heating for 9 his at 50℃ and then adding 13% Naa and then fermented at room temperature for 180 days. Sample C(adding 13% NaCl): chopped whole anchovy and then adding 13% NaCl and then fermented at room temperature for 180 days. Sample D(adding 17% NaCl): whole anchovy adding 17% NaCl and then fermented at room temperature for 180 days. The content of free amino acids such as aspartic acid, serine and threonine fluctuated severely according to the pretreatment methods. Possibly they might be recommend quality indices of standardization for salt-fermented liquefaction of anchovy. As for the relation between fermentation period(X) and individual free amino acid(Y), five kinds of free amino acids such as glutamic acid, valine, glycine, lysine, and alanine showed highly significant in their coefficient of determination in most of samples, They might be recommend as quality indices for salt-fermented liquefaction of anchovy during fermentation. The difference of taste between products of the rapid- and low salt-fermented liquefaction and the traditional salt-fermented liquefaction were caused by their composition of the free amino acids ratios, in which were umami, sweet, and bitter taste in the extracts of anchovy during fermentation. The appropriate fermentation period of the sample A was shorten 30 days than the sample B and 60 days than the samples C and 90 days than the sample D in the processing of anchovy.
朴奉奎,郭玉子 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1977 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.19 No.-
충청북도 괴산군 3개 지소 야초지의 토양 요인(지형, 토성, 토양 함수량, 토양 염류, 토양 유기질) 및 식물체 무기 성분의 함량과 밀접한 관계가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. This report is an attempt to study the relationship between soil and vegetation in native grasslands. The research was carried on from May 1976 to July 1976. The results from it are: (1) The grassland vegetation was dominated by Trifolium repens Linne in Cheong-cheon-Ri, Festuca ovina Linne in Yeontan-Ri, and Arundinella hirta Tanaka in Tabseon-Ri. (2) The standing crop was 98.15 g/m^2 in Yeontan-Ri, and 67.80 g/m^2 to 163.74 g/m^2 in Tabseon-Ri. (3) The daily productivity in Cheong-cheon-Ri showed 3.10 g/m^2, which was the highest of the three sites. (4) The daily productivity in Yeontan-Ri was 2.66 g/m^2. (5) The daily productivity in Tabseon-Ri showed 2.28 g/m^2, which was the lowest of the three sites. (6) The above results prove that soil fertility was closely related to topographical features(especially slope), the surrounding vegetation and mother rock. It is also known that, by dint of these factors, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, water content, ignition loss and cation exchange capacity of the soil influenced greatly the productivity upon. (7) Plants in fertile soil were apt to have more inorganic components than those in sterile soil. (8) The characteristics of the content of ignorganic components were as follows: The contents of SiO_2 in Poaceae and nitrogen in Fabaceae were much higher than those of other components. (9) Poaceae and Fabaceae in these sites, though they were native grasses, were considered that they had sufficient nutrient value for fodder, because they had more inorganic components than cultured in the pasture.
金奎植,柳根玉,韓永昌,朴在仁 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2000 農業科學硏究 Vol.17 No.-
To maximize genetic gains and to establish an effective and long term breeding strategy for Pinus densiflora through estimation of genetic parameters, such as heritability and expected genetic gains, a progeny test was carried out. The open-pollinated seeds were collected from 49 selected plus trees of Pinus densiflora S. et Z. in the fall of 1984 and outplanted at four localities, Kongju, Wanju, Naju and Kyoungju. Measurements were taken at the 8-year old seedling stage and the obtained results from this test were summarized as follows; Significant differences among families were observed in both height and diameter at root collar. Individual heritability estimated for height and diameter at root collar was 0.126 and 0.082, respectively while family heritability estimated 0.531 and 0.473. Considering 20% of selection intensity with combined selection method, the improved genetic gains for each characters were estimated as 9.5% for height growth and 8.3 percents for diameter at root collar.
쌍정 경계가 고온 초전도체 Y₁Ba₂Cu₃O단결정의 자기적특성에 미치는 영향
이보화,박정수,김채옥,김의훈,정규채 漢陽大學校 自然科學硏究所 1997 自然科學論文集 Vol.16 No.-
일반적으로 쌍정 경계(twin boundary)는 고온초전도체Y₁Ba₂Cu₃O??? 단결정 내에서 핀 고정점(pinning center)로 작용하여 단결정 시료의 자화에 영향을 미칠 것으로 알려져 왔다. 그러나 이에 대한 체계적인 실험적 연구가 수행되지 않고 있다. 본 실험에서는 Y₁Ba₂Cu₃O??? 단결정 시료를 성장시킨 후, 재 후열처리 과정 중에 단축 가압 방법(uniaxial stress method)을 이용하여 단결정 시료를 detwinning 하였다. 편광효과가 관측된 micro-Raman spectra와 X-ray 회절 패턴으로부터 관측된 (001)면의 주 피크의 2Θ 값을 통해서 단결정이 잘 성장되었음을 확인하였다. 그리고, 반자성 차폐 효과, 마이스너 효과 및 자기이력 측정 결과로부터 detwinning시간이 길어져서 쌍정 경계의 비율이 감소할수록 자화폭이 감소함을 관측하였다. 이로부터 자속 고정(flux pinning)이 줄어듦을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 쌍정 경계가 고온초전도체 Y₁Ba₂Cu₃O??? 단결정의 핀 고정점으로 작용한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. Generally it is suggested that twin boundaries play the major role of the pinning center in high-Tc superconductor Y₁Ba₂Cu₃???? single crystal and influences the magnetization. However, any systematic experiment related with this expectation has not been performed yet. In this experiment, after growing Y₁Ba₂Cu₃??? single crystals, we detwinned them in oxygen atmosphere using uniaxial stress method while annealing them again. It was verified that single crystals had been grown well from micro-Raman spectra that showed the polarization effect and 2Θ values of (001) plain peaks in X-ray diffraction pattern. We observed that values of magnetization of samples decreased from antimagnetic shield effects, Meissner effect and magnetic hysteresis as detwinning time was increased and this result means that flux pinning decreases. As a result we confirmed that twin boundaries act as a pinning center in high-Tc superconductor Y₁Ba₂Cu₃??? single crystal.