만성두통 환자의 성격유형 A 행태, 스트레스, 우울 및 두통영향정도의 관계 연구

차남현,임사비나,정인태,김수영,안경애,김건식,이재동,이상훈,최도영,이윤호,이두익 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

To examine an estimate factor and grasp the relation of difference for Ype A Behavior Pattern(TABP), Perceived Stress Questionnaire. Depression and HIT-6 in the Chronic headache client. Method: Data collected by self-reported questionnaires from 38 client in S city who were selected by criteria of IHS, from the 19^(th) of October to 10^(th) of December, 2004. Result: 1) Differences between biographical data by TABP was significant by SaSang constitutions, by Stress was significantly influenced by age, and by Depression were significantly influenced health status and SaSang constitutions. 2) Correlations Coefficients among Study Variables were Stress and Depression(r=.494, p=.002) and Depression and HIT-6(r=.432, p=.010). 3) In regression analysis, HIT-6 were significantly influenced by Depression and Type A Behavior Pattern(TABP). These variables explained 38% and 34% respectively. Conclusion: The result suggest that chronic headache management with psychological aspect, as well as physical aspect should be a focus to enhance the quality of life.

만성두통환자에 대한 침치료가 심박변이도에 미치는 영향

정인태,이상훈,김수영,차남현,김건식,이두익,이재동,임사비나,이윤호,최도영 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objective : The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of acupuncture treatment for chronic headache patients using power spectrum analysis of the heart rate variability(HRV). Methods : 15 clinical experiment participants were gathered and through a questionnaire patients who experienced headache for more than 4 hours a day and more than 15 days per month were qualified as Chronic Headache patients. Treatment was applied 2 times a weeks for 8 weeks. The acupoints, GV20, HN23, ST8, HN46, TE17, GB20, LI20, LI11, LI14, ST36, and LR3 were stimulated for 20 minutes. The effects of acupuncture treatment were analyzed using power spectrum analysis of the HRV, HRV was recorded before and after acupuncture treatment. Results : HRV before and after treatment was compared after 8 weeks of acupuncture treatment. Increase in mean values of SDNN and RMSSD were observed but the increases were not statistically significants. Increase in mean values of TP, LF and HF were observed but, the increase was significant(p<0.05) only in TP. Conclusions : The results suggest that acupuncture treatment on chronic headache patients can increase the activity of autonomic nervous system. Further use of HRV for quantitative analysis of acupuncture treatment on autonomic nervous system related symptoms is suggested.

만성두통환자에 대한 동서협진의 임상적 연구

정인태,이상훈,김수영,차남현,김건식,이두익,이재동,임사비나,이윤호,최도영 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objective : Because the cause and etiology of chronic headache are not yet fully explained, the treatment of this symptom is not simple. In order to study the effectiveness East-West pain treatment on chronic headache, we evaluated its effect of pain alleviation and quality of life improvement on chronic headache patients who were treated with nerve block and acupuncture, and only acupuncture for eight weeks. Methods : 92 clinical experiment participants were gathered and through a questionnaire patients who experienced headache for more than 4 hours a day and more than 15 days per month were qualified as chronic headache patients. The qualified patients were classified into two groups, nerve block and acupuncture group(EW group, n=49) and acupuncture group(E group, n=43). Treatment was applied 2 times a weeks for 8 weeks. The acupoints, GV20, HN23, ST8, HN46, TE17, GB20, LI20, LI11, LI14, ST36, and LR3 were stimulated for 20 minutes. The effects of two groups were analyzed using VAS scores and BPI(Brief Pain Inventory). Results : The VAS and BPI after four weeks of treatment showed significant improvement among two but differences between the three groups was statistically insignificant. The VAS and BPI of the EW group after eight weeks of treatment showed statistically significant improvement compared to the other two groups. Conclusion : The pain treatment for chronic headache might be contributed to improvement of quality of life as well as alleviation of pain of chronic headache patients. It was suggested that the West pain treatment in combination with East pain treatment might be an useful modality to improve the pain and quality of life in chronic headache patients.

캔 및 병 오렌지쥬스의 저장온도에 따른 Q_10값 및 품질수명의 산정

이남경,윤재영,이서래 이화여자대학교 생명과학연구소 1995 생명과학연구논문집 Vol.6 No.-

현재 국내에서 유통되고 있는 캔 및 병 오렌지쥬스를 20,30,40,50℃에서 24주 동안 저장하면서 4주 간격으로 개봉하여 중금속(Sn,Fe,Pb) 함량, 비타민 C 함량, 갈색도와 pH의 변화에 대한 측정치로부터 온도별 활성화 에너지와 Q_10값을 계산한 다음 shel-life를 예측하였다. 캔쥬스의 품질지표로 삼을 수 잇는 것은 Sn,Fe,Pb함량, 비타민 C 함량이었고, 병쥬스에서는 비타민 C 함량, 갈색도이었으며 이들 품질지표에 대한 Q_10값은 1.3~2.0이었다. 쥬스를 50℃에 저장시 품질 허용한계에 도달하는데 요하는 기간과 Q_10 대표값으로 부터 shel-life를 계산하면 캔쥬스의 경우 10,20,30℃에서 각각 10,6,3개월 이었고, 병쥬스의 경우 각각 24,12,6개월이었다. 국내에서의 쥬스 유통온도를 평균 15℃로 가정할 때 적정 품질수명은 캔쥬스 8개월, 병쥬스 18개월로 평가되엇다. 캔 오렌지쥬스의 안전성을 확보하기 위해서는 식품공전Pb 허용기준(0.3㎎/㎏)의 재검토와 아울러 캔 재질의 개선을 위한 연구노력이 요구된다. Canned and bottled orange juices currently sold in Korean market were stored for 24 wweeks at 20, 30, 50 and 50℃ and analyzed after opening at 4 week intervals. Activation energy, Q_10 values and shelf-life at respective temperatures were calculated from the data on various quality indexes. Proposed indexes were lead, tin, iron and vitamin C contents in canned juices and vitamin C content and browning index in bottled juices and Q_10 values for these parameters were in the range of 1.3~2.0. Shelf-life calculated for canned juices at 10, 20 and 30℃ were 10, 6 and 3 months and that in bottled juices, 24, 12 and 6 months, respectively. When the distriburion temperature of juices in Korea is assumed to be 15℃ average, the optimum shelf-life was estimated to be 8 months in canned juices and 18 months in bottled juices. In order to ascertain the safety of canned orange juices, efforts are needed to re-examine the recommended distribution period, legal limit for lead and improvement of container materials.

A Development of Assessment Model for Maintenance of Type R Fire Alarm System in the Building

Lee,Su-Kyung,Yoo,Sang-Bin,Nam,Yang-Won 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-

Type R fire alarm is required intelligent buildings and height buildings which was based on automatic system. But in Korea, maintenance of fire alarm system is very poor. In this study, we developed assessment model for the type R fire alarm system which was assessed by using 96 checklist items. The assessment model was tested through the actual 4 buildings with type R fire alarm system. It is shown that present model can be applied for the assessment of all buildings through the examination of the suitability of assessment model by actual assessment. Also, it was made easily fire manager to carry out checklist for type R fire alarm system in buildings.

통행전 여행시간정보에 대한 기초적연구

남궁문,성수련,이병주,김경태 圓光大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.32 No.2

본 논문은 통행전 정보가 운전자의 경로선택에 미치는 영향을 연구하는데 있으며 통행전정보 제공에 대한 운전자의 경로선택을 분석하기 위하여 선호의식조사를 실시하였다. 통행전 정보로 대체경로에 대한 통행시간 정보를 사용하였으며 운전자의 경로선택행동을 분석하기 위하여 비집계분석모델을 이용하였다. 결과, 운전자의 사회ㆍ경제적 속성과 통행전정보가 운전자의 경로선택에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있다. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of pre-trip information for drivers' route choice. Stated preference survey is performed to analyze the drivers' route choice for pre-trip information. In this paper, the consuming time for alternative pass is considered as the pre-trip information. Descrete choice analysis is used to model the drivers' route choice behavior. As a result, it shows that social income attribute of the driver and the travel time with pre-trip information affect the drivers' route choice behavior.

Mastoparan B의 항균 활성 및 용혈 작용에 미치는 소수성도와 양친매성의 영향

이봉헌,김광호,장태식,박남규,박장수,강신원 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 1998 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.14 No.-

Tetradecapeptide인 Mastoparan B(MP B)와 이의〔Ala〕-MP B유도체들을 합성하고 항균 활성 및 용혈 작용을 측정하여 MP B의 활성에 미치는 소수성도(hydrophobicity)와 양친매성(amphiphilicity)의 영향을 비교하였다. 그 결과 MP B와 소수성도가 MP B 보다 큰〔Ala^2〕-,〔Ala^4〕-MP B유도체가 큰 항균 활성을 나타내었으며, 소수성도가 MP B보다 작은〔Ala^6〕-MP B유도체의 활성은 MP B와 비슷하거나 작게 나타나 소수성도가 큰 유도체일수록 항균활성을 크게 나타내었다. 그러나 MP B보다 소수성도가 큰 유도체인〔Ala^9〕-MP B는 Ala에 의한 Trp의 치환때문에 MP B보다 작은 활성을 나타내었다.용혈 활성 측정 결과 MP B보다 소수성도가 큰〔Ala^2〕-,〔Ala^4〕-MP B유도체가 각각100.0%와 69.4%로써 용혈 작용을 크게 나타냈으나, 소수성도가 작은〔Ala^6〕-MP B유도체는 6.1%로써 가장 작은 용혈 작용을 나타내었고 Trp대신 Ala으로 치환한 소수성도가 큰 유도체인〔Ala^9〕-MP B는 MP B보다 작은 26.0%의 용혈 작용을 나타내었다. 그러므로 용혈 작용은 소수성도가 클수록 증가하였으며 양친매성이 활성에 미치는 영향은 적었다. Tetradecapeptide.Mastoparan B(MP B)and its〔Ala^2 〕-,〔Ala^4〕-,〔Ala^6〕-,〔Ala^9〕-MP Bderivatives were synthesized, and then their antibacterical and hemolitic were to examine the effect of hydrophobicity and ampiphilicity on the MP B-induced those activities. MP B and more hydrophobic〔Ala^2 〕-,〔Ala^4〕-MP B showed stronger antibacterical activity and less hydrophobic〔Ala^6〕-MP B than MP B did similar or weaker activity, so more hydrophobic〔Ala〕-MP B derivative had stronger activity. But more hydrophobic〔Ala^9〕-MP B than MP B showed weaker activity because of its Trp subsitution by Ala. On the other hand,〔Ala^2 〕-and〔Ala^4〕-MP B showed 100.0% and 69.4% hemoiytic activity, but〔Ala^6〕-MP B did the weakwst activity(6.1%)and〔Ala^9〕-MP B, weaker activity(26.0%) than MP B.Therefore, more hydrophobic〔Ala〕-MP B derviative had stronger activity and the effect of ampiphilicity on the activity was weak.

주간보호시설과 재가 치매노인 주간호자의 삶의 만족과 부담감

이수진,박호란,,김남초 노인간호학회 2005 노인간호학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: To investigate the level of life satisfaction and burden for primary caregivers of patients with dementia in day care centers and in their homes. Method: From August to September 2003, 56 caregivers of patients with dementia in day care centers and 54 caregivers in their homes were surveyed through three questionnaires: Life Satisfaction Index-Z and Korean Dementia Caregiver Burden. Result: Life satisfaction of caregivers in day care centers was significantly higher than that of caregivers in their homes(p<.005). Also, the sense of burden of caregivers in day care centers was significantly lower than that of caregivers in their homes(p<.005). Caregivers in day care centers showed significantly lower levels in four subdimensions of burden than those of caregivers in their homes. The level of life satisfaction of caregivers in day care centers and in their homes were also negatively correlated with the sense of burden(p<.005, p<.005). Conclusion: Using day care centers for patients with dementia will be a good way to take care of them because their primary caregivers can have more rest time and less burden. Therefore, using day care centers for patients with dementia should be recommended and the number of the facility should be increased nationwide.

Letrozole에 반응을 보인 다발성 폐전이를 동반한 저도 자궁내막 기저육종 1례

이남수,원종호,박희숙 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma is generally an indolent tumor rich in estrogen and progesterone receptors. Objective responses to hormonal therapy, most commonly with megestrol acetate, have been reported. The patient is a 50-year-old woman who presented with low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma confined to the vagina in 1992 and was treated with local excision. Approximately 4 years later, the patient had recurrent right ovarian and ileal mass treated with right oophorectomy and segmental resection of ileum. In 2002, multiple lung metastatic lesions were discovered and treated with megestrol acetate. But megestrol acetate showed no response during the period. Letrozole was then given at a daily dose of 2.5 ㎎ with partial response for a duration of 10 months. Letrozole at a daily dose of 2.5 ㎎ may be effective in low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma.

프랜차이즈 계약방식에 따른 권리사용료의 합리적 관세평가와 국내 가맹점의 대응방안에 관한 연구

강수진,강예진,남보라,이항 이화여자대학교 법학전문대학원 2019 Ewha Law Review Vol.9 No.-

국내 프랜차이즈 시장은 외국 브랜드들의 주도로 성장하고 있으며, 외국에 가맹본부를 둔 프랜차이즈 브랜드들도 꾸준히 국내에서 가맹점을 늘려가고 있다. 프랜차이즈 업종의 특수성상 가맹점에 대하여 교섭력에 있어서 우위를 점하는 가맹주가 관세부담을 회피하기 위하여 가맹점에게 가격을 이전하는 등 불공정한 처우가 문제된다. 특히 가맹주가 해외로부터 상품 재료를 구입하는 경우, 그 수입상품에 대하여 실제로 지급하였거나 지급하여야 할 가격에 로열티를 가산하여 관세를 과세하여야 하는가의 문제가 관세 영역에서 중대한 문제로 대두되어왔다. 이에 WTO 가입국인 우리나라는 WTO 산하기관인 WCO의 권고의견을 반영하여 수입물품과 로열티의 관련성 및 거래조건성을 판단하고, 그에 따라 상품관련성이 인정되는 로열티에 대하여 관세를 부과하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 로열티의 지급이 프랜차이즈 계약에 따른 것인 경우 관련성과 거래조건 요건을 어떻게 적용하는지를 밝힌 WCO 권고의견 4.17을 분석하고 해외 법령 및 사례와 비교하여 불명확한 과세요건으로 인한 예측 불가능성의 문제, 관세부담의 불명확성으로 인한 조세부담의 불평등 문제, 포괄적 위임입법의 문제, 자의성의 문제, 그리고 WCO 권고의견 4.17과 국내법의 호환 문제를 지적한다. 나아가 이에 대한 해결 방안으로서 확장 해석의 금지, 본질적 부분과 비본질적 부분에 대한 차별화, ACVA의 활용을 해결방안으로 제안한다. The franchise market is growing worldwide, led by global franchise brands. In South Korea, many global franchise brands with franchise headquarters outside the country are steadily expanding its business. Along with the market expansion, franchisers' unfair treatment on franchisees became a significant issue. The unequal bargaining power between franchisers and franchisees makes it easy for franchisers to transfer prices to franchisees, which they use to avoid taxation and imposition of customs duties. This paper focuses on the question that has been a critical problem in the field of tariff: whether the duty should be levied by adding royalties to the price actually paid or payable for the imported goods when a franchisee purchased the inputs from abroad. As a member of the WTO, South Korea imposes customs in accordance with the Advisory Opinions issued by the WCO under the WTO, judging product relevance based on the relationship between imported goods and royalties and transaction conditions. In this paper, we analyze WCO Advisory Opinion 4.17, which describes how relevance and terms and conditions apply when the payment of royalties is based on a franchise agreement, and compare them with foreign laws and practices. This paper also identifies the problems regarding unfair tax burden due to ambiguity of tax requisition, the Non-blanket-delegation Doctrine, the issue of arbitrariness, and the compatibility between WCO Advisory Opinion 4.17 and domestic legislations. Lastly, we present the doctrine of strict interpretation, differentiation between essentials and non-essentials, and the implementation of ACVA as the possible solutions.