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高良坤,金明五 全北大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.37 No.-
The purpose of this paper is to disclose the effects of exchange rate volitility on the export prices of manufactured goods in Korea for the last 20 years. In addition to that, to search for appropriate policies for our exporting companies and government is also a goal. The method of this study is based on the mark-up pricing theory. The results of this study show that (1) the effect of won/dollar exchange rate volitility is strong,and then (2) the factor of foreign competition and (3) the world import follow after (1). Accordingly, these results make our export companies do their best to improve their productivity and to accept the pricing-to market strategy like Japanese companies.Also,our government must accompolish the stability of prices and improve the environment of our companies in order to get the good effect of exchange rate volitility as much as possible.
Kim, Sung-Han,Chu, Kon,Choi, Su-Jin,Song, Kyoung-Ho,Kim, Hong-Bin,Kim, Nam-Joong,Park, Seong-Ho,Yoon, Byung-Woo,Oh, Myoung-don,Choe, Kang-Won American Society for Microbiology 2008 CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY Vol.15 No.9
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>In active tuberculosis (TB), <I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I>-specific T cells are compartmentalized more to the site of infection than to the circulating blood. Therefore, an <I>M. tuberculosis</I>-specific enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay with samples from the site of infection may permit a more sensitive or specific diagnosis of active central nervous system (CNS) TB than that achieved by the assay with blood alone. Therefore, we prospectively evaluated the usefulness of circulating and compartmentalized mononuclear cell (MC; i.e., peripheral blood mononuclear cell [PBMC] and cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] MC)-based ELISPOT assays (i.e., the T-SPOT.TB test) for the diagnosis of active TB in patients with suspected CNS TB. The clinical categories of CNS TB were classified as described previously (G. E. Thwaites, T. T. Chau, K. Stepniewska, N. H. Phu, L. V. Chuong, D. X. Sinh, N. J. White, C. M. Parry, and J. J. Farrar, Lancet 360:1287-1292, 2002). Thirty-seven patients with suspected CNS TB were enrolled over a 12-month period. Of these, 31 (84%) showed clinical manifestations of suspected TB meningitis and 6 (16%) gave indications of intracranial tuberculoma with disseminated TB. The final clinical categories of the 37 patients with suspected CNS TB were as follows: 12 (32%) were classified as having CNS TB (7 with confirmed TB, 3 with probable TB, and 2 with possible TB) and 25 (68%) were classified as not having active TB. The sensitivity and specificity of the PBMC ELISPOT assay were 91% (95% confidence interval [CI], 59% to 100%) and 63% (95% CI, 41% to 81%), respectively. By comparison, the sensitivity and specificity of the CSF MC ELISPOT assay were 75% (95% CI, 19% to 99%) and 75% (95% CI, 43% to 95%), respectively. When the ratio of the CSF MC ELISPOT assay results to the PBMC ELISPOT results was 2 or more, the sensitivity and specificity were 50% (95% CI, 7% to 93%) and 100% (95% CI, 74% to 100%), respectively. The ELISPOT assay with PBMCs and CSF MCs is a useful adjunct to the current tests for the diagnosis of CNS TB.</P>
Effects of 60 Hz 14 µT magnetic field on the apoptosis of testicular germ cell in mice
Kim, Yoon‐,Won,Kim, Hee‐,Sung,Lee, Jin‐,Sang,Kim, Young‐,Jin,Lee, Sang‐,Kon,Seo, Jae‐,Nam,Jung, Kyeong‐,Cheon,Kim, Nam,Gimm, Youn‐,Myoung Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 BioElectroMagnetics Vol.30 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We recently reported that continuous exposure, for 8 weeks, of extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field (MF) of 0.1 or 0.5 mT might induce testicular germ cell apoptosis in BALB/c mice. In that report, the ELF MF exposure did not significantly affect the body weight or testicular weight, but significantly increased the incidence of testicular germ cell death. In the present study, we aimed to further characterize the effect of a 16‐week continuous exposure to ELF MF of 14 or 200 µT on testicular germ cell apoptosis in mice. There were no significant effects of MF on body weight and testosterone levels in mice. In TUNEL staining (In situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated deoxy‐UTP nick end labeling), germ cells showed a significantly higher apoptotic rate in exposed mice than in sham controls (<I>P</I> < 0.001). TUNEL‐positive cells were mainly spermatogonia. In an electron microscopic study, degenerating spermatogonia showed condensation of nuclear chromatin similar to apoptosis. These results indicate that apoptosis may be induced in spermatogenic cells in mice by continuous exposure to 60 Hz MF of 14 µT. Bioelectromagnetics 30:66–72, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</P>
Comparison of Abdominal Muscle Activity during Exercises Using a Sling and Swiss-ball
Kim, Byung-Kon,Lee, Myoung-Hee,Kim, Gi-Chul The Korean Society of Physical Therapy 2013 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.25 No.3
Purpose: Spinal instability due to weakness of abdominal muscles is one of the major causes that induces low back pain (LBP). The purpose of this study was to investigate any differences in abdominal muscle activity during curl up, roll out, and jack knife exercises using a swiss-ball or sling. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects were randomly assigned into either a swiss-ball exercise group (SBEG) or a sling exercise group (SEG). Subjects performed curl up, roll out and jack knife exercises using the swiss ball or sling. Activity of abdominal muscles (rectus abdominis and external oblique muscle) was assessed using surface EMG and normalized maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). The significance of differences between the sling exercise group and the swiss-ball exercise group was evaluated by the independent t-test. Results: These Results indicated that activities of rectus abdominis on right and left of the SEG during the curl up exercise were significantly greater than the SBEG. During the roll out exercise, activity of the abdominal muscle was not significantly different between the SEG and SBEG. In addition, during the jack knife exercise, activities of the right rectus abdominis and left external oblique muscle in the SEG were significantly greater than the SBEG. Conclusion: In conclusion, activity of the abdominal muscles was maximized when curl up and jack knife exercise were performed using the sling rather than the swiss-ball. Therefore, if increased activation of the abdominal muscle is the goal of an exercise program, curl up and jack knife exercises may be useful.
Comparison of Abdominal Muscle Activity during Exercises Using a Sling and Swiss-ball
( Byung-kon Kim ),( Myoung-hee Lee ),( Gi-chul Kim ) 대한물리치료학회 2013 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.25 No.3
Purpose: Spinal instability due to weakness of abdominal muscles is one of the major causes that induces low back pain (LBP). The purpose of this study was to investigate any differences in abdominal muscle activity during curl up, roll out, and jack knife exercises using a swiss-ball or sling. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects were randomly assigned into either a swiss-ball exercise group (SBEG) or a sling exercise group (SEG). Subjects performed curl up, roll out and jack knife exercises using the swiss ball or sling. Activity of abdominal muscles (rectus abdominis and external oblique muscle) was assessed using surface EMG and normalized maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). The significance of differences between the sling exercise group and the swiss-ball exercise group was evaluated by the independent t-test. Results: These Results indicated that activities of rectus abdominis on right and left of the SEG during the curl up exercise were significantly greater than the SBEG. During the roll out exercise, activity of the abdominal muscle was not significantly different between the SEG and SBEG. In addition, during the jack knife exercise, activities of the right rectus abdominis and left external oblique muscle in the SEG were significantly greater than the SBEG. Conclusion: In conclusion, activity of the abdominal muscles was maximized when curl up and jack knife exercise were performed using the sling rather than the swiss-ball. Therefore, if increased activation of the abdominal muscle is the goal of an exercise program, curl up and jack knife exercises may be useful.
자궁내막증에 의한 골반 통증을 호소하는 불임환자에서 골반경하 자궁천골인대 소작술 ( laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation ) 의 임상적 효용성
문명진(Myoung Jin Moon),김대곤(Dae Kon Kim),윤경호(Kyung Ho Yoon),홍준식(Jun Sig Hong),김연주(Yon Ju Kim),김혜옥(Hye Ok Kim),양광문(Kwang Moon Yang),최규홍(Kyu Hong Choi),유근재(Keun Jai Yoo) 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.12
N/A Objective : The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation (LUNA) in infertile women with chronic pelvic pain and endometriosis. Method : Prospective randomized study was performed in 20 infertile women with endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain, who had undergone of laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation at Samsung Cheil hospital between April and September, 1998. Statistical analysis was perfomed using by DBSTAT (ver. 2.0). Result : The pelvic pain score of pre-operation was 3.72±1.07 (mean±SD) and it was significantly decreased to 1.83±0.85 at 1 month later and 1.93±0.92, 1.69±0.60, 1.56±0.62, 1.56±0.81 each in second, third, fourth and fifth month after operation. There was no correlation between pelvic pain and stage of endometriosis. Pregnancy rate was 65% after LUNA (twelve deliveries, one pregnancy is ongoing at IUP 24 weeks). Conclusion : Laparoscopic uterosacral nerve ablation would be effective for infertile women with endometriosis and pelvic pain.
두부외상 후 발생한 뇌척수액 비루를 동반한 폐구균 뇌막염 1례
김은주(Eun Joo Kim),송명훈(Myoung Hoon Song),성태정(Tae Jung Sung),신선희(Seon Hee Shin),김성구(Sung Koo Kim),김홍대(Hong Dae Kim),이건희(Kon Hee Lee),윤혜선(Hae Sun Yoon) 대한소아신경학회 2006 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.14 No.2
저자들은 두부 외상 3년 후 뇌척수액 비루를 동반한 폐구균 뇌막염이 발생한 환아에서 뇌자기 공명영상과 안면부 전산화 단층 촬영을 실시하여 우측 접형골의 골절과 우측 사골동의 골결손 부위를 확인하였으며 정맥용 항생제 치료와 보존적 치료 후 호전된 환아 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Bacterial meningitis after head trauma is a rare complication, but the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) leakage after head trauma greatly increases the risk of bacterial meningitis. Most of the infections passes through the defects in the basal skull fracture, and Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common organism. MRI, coronal thin sections of cranial CT and radioiosotope cisternography are considered to diagnose the CSF fistulae. We report a case of a 14-year-old girl with pneumococcal meningitis complicated by CSF rhinorrhea following an asymptomatic period of 3 years after head trauma. We found a bone defect of the cribrium of the skull base by means of paranasal sinus CT scanning and MRI.