農村型 給食 示範學校의 給食實態 및 兒童의 嗜好度에 關한 硏究

金文淑,黃光子 효성여자대학교 가정대학 학도호국단 1984 家政大論集 Vol.3 No.-

學校給食의 進一步를 위해 現行 給食示範學校 兒童과 學母를 대상으로, 兒童에게서는 兒童의 아침食事 실태, 現行 給食方法에 對한 兒童들의 反應, 아동의 嗜好度 등, 學母에게서는 어머니의 一般的 特城, 食事準備와 유관한 變因들의 運用實態, 그리고, 學母가 본 兒童의 偏食實態 등의 調査에서 얻은 結果를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 兒童에 對한 調査 (1) 給食兒童들의 아침食事 實態 아침食事를 規則的으로 하고 있는 兒童은 76.0% 였으며, 나머지 兒童들은 不規則的인 食事를 하고 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 缺食兒童들의 缺食동기는 '입맛이 없어서'(55.4%) '아침밥이 늦어서'(24.8%) '늦게 일어나서'(19.8%) 등인 것으로 나타났다. (2) 現行 給食方法에 對한 兒童들의 反應 現行 給食制度에 대한 兒童들의 好應度는 84.4%로 높은 편이었다. 호응 이유로는 營養士가 마련해 주는 食單에 對한 신뢰가 46.7%로 가장 큰 지지를 얻고 있었다. 또한, 給食 구성요소 즉, 시간과 食單, 음식에 對한 반응도 상당히 긍정적 이었다. (3) 兒童의 嗜好度 調査對象 兒童들은 한국 재래의 傳統음식에 對한 선호도가 강한 것으로 나타났는데, 主食 가운데서 밥류로는 콩밥, 분식류 로는 식빵이, 副食 가운데서는 쇠고기국, 김치찌게, 달걀부침, 불고기, 콩나물, 배추김치가, 間食으로는 딸기, 초콜릿, 쥬스 등이 가장 선호받는 음식으로 나타났다. 2. 學母에 對한 調査 (1) 學母의 一般的 特性 어머니의 年齡은 주로 30代(75.8%)였으며 敎育水準은 비교적 낮은 편으로 고졸이하가 95.0%였으며, '중'정도(81.6%)의 生活水準을 유지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. (2) 食事準備와 유관한 變因들의 運用實態 많은 수의 學母들이 아침食事의 비중을 가장 크게 생각하고 있었으며(59.3%) 食事準備時에 영양상태를 고려하는 學母와 食單을 활용하는 學母는 각각 35.0%와 32%였다. 그리고, 季節食品 및 인스탄트 食品의 이용율은 95.7%와 79.5%로 인스탄트 食品 보다는 季節食品에 對한 의존도가 더 높게 나타났다. (3) 學母가 본 兒童의 偏食習慣 偏食習慣이 있는 兒童의 수는 전체의 55.5%로 나타났으며, 學校給食 後 兒童의 偏食習慣이 改善된 경우는 69.5%에 이르는 것으로 나타났다. The following results have been obtained from an investigation conducted for the be-terment of meal service in a school among children from a school noted for its meal service and their monthers. The investigataion included a study of the actual conditions of the children's breakfast, the children's reaction to the method of present meal service, a determination of children's favoritism in food, general characteristics of the monthers, the actual condition of managing the factors related to meal preparation and children's unbalanced diet from the view point of monthers. The percentage of children who took breakfast regularly was 76.0% while the rest took breakfast irregularly. The reason for children going to school without eating properly was poor appetite(55.4%), followed by late breakfast(24.8%) and late rising(19.8%). Children's attitude towards the method of the present school meal service indicated a very high degree of approval(84.4%). Most of the children gave strong support and had confidence in the meal service of the school because a dietician prepared their meal. Also the children's attitude towards the time and the variety of food was very affirmative. Most of the children had a highpreference for traditional Korean food and their main diet was rice followed by rice combined with beans, flour diet and bread. Their favorite side dish was beaf soup, followed by Korean vegetable(Kimchi) soup, fried eggs, broiled beaf(Bulgogi), bean sprouts and cabbage vegetable. Favorite snacks between meals were strawberries, chocolate, juices, etc. The ages of the mothers who were investigated were between 30 to 40 (75.8%) and the educational level was comparatively low, with middle school and primary school graduates(95.0%). Their standard of living indicated that most of them belonged to the middle socio-economic class(81.6%). Most of the monthers(59.3%) were primarily concerned about breakfast, followed by those were concerned about the nutrative value of the meal preparation(35.0%), and those who were concerned about the meal planning(32%). The percentage of those favoring seasonal foods was 95.7% while those favoring instant foods was 79.5%. Of all the children 55.5% had unbalanced dietary habits and 69.5% of them improved in their dietary habits after learning from the meal service of the school.

行動主義 音樂敎育論 效用性에 관한 考察

金文子 漢陽大學校人文科學大學 1981 人文論叢 Vol.2 No.-

There are two main trends in educational theory. One is the assertion that education must become more humanizing, including values, attitudes, and appreciations in teaching. The other is the belief that educational procedures must become more objective and instructional goals must be constructed in scientific way, using behavioral objectives. At the first glance, these two trends seem contradict each other. But the fact is that they talk about two different aspects of education. The former suggests the extent of which education must include in its curriculum and the latter discusses the method of teaching. Teaching values and attitudes have been left out in school curriculum throughout the educational history. The reason is that teachers have thought such a personal matter could not be taught in schools. Therefore, they have left them to each individual, hoping that if they teach knowledge and skills, the forming of values and attitudes would be followed automatically. But beha-viorists object to such an opinion and insist on teaching values and attitudes in schools. And they suggest using behavioral objectives in teaching these concepts. And music educators have adopted the behavioristic views in music teaching. The opinion among music educators on the subject of behavioral objectives is devided in two groups. One group apposes to the use of behavioral objectives on the bases that the affective aspects of music can not be taught by the behavioral objectives, and the two are contrasting concepts. While the other group thinks that our covert behaviors, such as appreciation of music can be changed into overt behaviors by behavioral objectives. Therefore, the affective aspects of music can be taught in schools. The main problem of using behavioral objectives in music education lies on how to objectify such subjective matters as values and attitudes. And the problem also lies on evaluation of instructional results in affective domain. But when we modify the strict behavioristic position and utilize them in music education, the behavioral objectives can be a very useful educational tool. The purpose of this study is to introduce the theory of behaviorism in music education and to show its application by using behavioral objectives in lesson plans. By doing this, this writer hopes to show the benefits of utilizing the theory, as well as its limitations. And this is the starting point from which we can develop our own method of music teaching that is suitable in our situation.

흰쥐 망막에서 콜린성 신경원의 분포양상과 연접회로

김인범,오수자,나화균,이문용,천명훈 대한해부학회 1998 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.31 No.1

Alkylhalide가 Mouse의 LDH isozyme 분포에 미치는 영향 : Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis Method

권미경,김영옥,박은주,이동화,이명미,이문희,이양자 曉星女子大學校 藥學大學 學生會 1988 曉星藥誌 Vol.4 No.-

The effect of Carbontetrachloride administration on Lactatedehydrogenase isozyme patterns were analyzed by cellulose acetate electrophoresis for the brain, heart, kidney, lung, liver and mouse muscle. Each other tissue was found to have a characteristic distribution of these isozymes. At normal condition, aerobic tissue such as brain, heart, kidney, and lung were found to have all five isozymes from LDH_1 to LDH_5, while anaerobic tissues such as liver and muscle were found to have superiorly LDH_5 The toxicity of Carbontetrachloride administration was most prominence in the liver, and lung toxicity was occured also.

Scalable Solvothermal Synthesis of Superparamagnetic Fe₃O₄ Nanoclusters for Bioseparation and Theragnostic Probes

Kim, Jeonghyo,Tran, Van Tan,Oh, Sangjin,Kim, Chang-Seok,Hong, Jong Chul,Kim, SungIl,Joo, Young-Seon,Mun, Saem,Kim, Myoung-Ho,Jung, Jae-Wan,Lee, Jiyoung,Kang, Yong Seok,Koo, Ja-Won,Lee, Jaebeom American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.49

<P>Magnetic nanoparticles have had a significant impact on a wide range of advanced applications in the academic and industrial fields. In particular, in nanomedicine, the nanoparticles require specific properties, including hydrophilic behavior, uniform and tunable dimensions, and good magnetic properties, which are still challenging to achieve by industrial-scale synthesis. Here, we report a gram-scale synthesis of hydrophilic magnetic nanoclusters based on a one-pot solvothermal system. Using this approach, we achieved the nanoclusters with controlled size composed of magnetite nanocrystals in close-packed superstructures that exhibited hydrophilicity, superparamagnetism, high magnetization, and colloidal stability. The proposed solvothermal method is found to be highly suitable for synthesizing industrial quantities (gram-per-batch level) of magnetic spheres with unchanged structural and magnetic properties. Furthermore, coating the magnetic spheres with an additional silica layer provided further stability and specific functionalities favorable for biological applications. Using in vitro and in vivo studies, we successfully demonstrated both positive and negative separation and the use of the magnetic nanoclusters as a theragnostic nanoprobe. This scalable synthetic procedure is expected to be highly suitable for widespread use in biomedical, energy storage, photonics, and catalysis fields, among others.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Factors to Predict Successful Harvest during Autologous Peripheral Hematopoietic Stem Cell Collection

Mun-Ja Kim,Soo-Hee Jin,Duk-Hee Lee,Dae-Weon Park,Sung-Ae Koh,Kyung-Hee Lee,Myung-Soo Hyun,Min-Kyoung Kim 대한의생명과학회 2012 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.18 No.2

Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) has been used as a major treatment strategy for hematological malignancies. The number of CD34 positive cells in the harvested product is a very important factor for achieving successful transplantation. We studied the factors that can predict the number of CD34 positive cells in the harvested product of acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), multiple myeloma (MM) and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients after mobilizing them with chemotherapy plus G-CSF. A total of 73 patients (AML 19 patients, MM 28 patients, NHL 26 patients) with hematological malignancies had been mobilized with chemotherapy and granulocyte colony-stimulating growth factor from April, 2000 to February, 2012. Group's characteristics, checkup opinion of pre-peripheral blood on the day of harvest & outcome of PBSC were analyzed and evaluated using SPSS statistics program after grouping patients as below; group 1: CD34 cell counts < 2 × 106/kg (n=16); group 2: 2 × 106/kg ≤ CD34 cell counts < 6 × 106/kg (n=32); group 3: CD34 cell counts ≥ 6 × 106/kg (n=25). We analyzed the clinical characteristics, the peripheral blood (PB) parameters and the number of CD34 positve cells in the PB and their correlation with the yield of CD34 positve cells collected from the mobilized patients. The total number of leukapheresis sessions was 263 (mean: 3.55 session per patient), and the mean number of harvested CD34 positive cells per patient was 7.37 × 106/kg. The number of CD34 positive cells in product was significantly correlated with the number of platelet and CD34 positive cells in peripheral blood (P<0.05). The number of PB CD34 positive cells was the best significant factor for the quantity of harvested CD34 positive cells on the linear regression analysis (P<0.05). Many factors could influence the mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells. Platelet count and PB CD34 positive cells count were the two variables which remained to be significant in multivariate analysis. Therefore, the number of platelet and CD34 positive cells in peripheral blood on the day of harvest can be used as an accurate predictor for successful peripheral blood stem cell collection.

H₂O₂-induced up-regulation of CatSper3 in mouse brain

Kim, Chang-Woon,Tak, Hyun-Min,Kim, Gyu-Tae,Mun, Yun-Ja,Jeon, Byeong Tak,Kim, Hyun Joon,Roh, Gu Seob,Han, Jaehee,Kang, Dawon Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Molecular reproduction and development Vol.77 No.8

Electrical Properties of Transparent Conductive CNT Composite Films

( Mun Ja Kim ),( Ji Beom Yoo ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2008 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.4 No.2

CNTs have good individual conductivity but a bundle of CNTs has different electrical properties than their individual counterparts. Therefore, transparent conducting electrode and flexible display electrode materials containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are quite a challenge to realize their application. Good techniques for dispersing CNTs are required before the various proposed applications can be realized. Using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to change the surface properties of a substrate improved the dispersion of CNTs on substrates while providing suitable adhesion of the CNTs to the substrates. We analyzed the changes in physical configuration and electrical properties of CNTs dispersed on a PVA-coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) surface after soft thermal aging of the PVA. The electrical properties were characterized by measuring the sheet resistance of films.

Growth characteristics of carbon nanotubes via anodic aluminum oxide template on Si substrate using dc PECVD without catalyst.

Mun Ja Kim,Jong Hyung Choi,Tae Young Lee,Sun Hong Choi,Jae-Hee Han,Jong Bae Park,Seong Kyu Kim,Ji-Beom Yoo,Chong-Yun Park 한국진공학회 2002 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.- No.-

전쟁과 평화의 근세 한일 관계 : 임진왜란과 통신사

Kim Mun Ja(金文子) 일본사학회 2003 일본역사연구 Vol.18 No.-

Hideyoshi’s invasion of Korea and the Korean envoys to Japan occupied the central position in the early modern Korean-Japanese relations. Two contrasting diplomatic aspects of war and peace helped to shape the two-century-long foreign relations between the Chosun dynasty and the Edo bakufu. This paper deals with the major issues related to the war; the naming of the war, the causes of the war, the result of the war, the damages caused by the war, the postwar restoration of the relations, and the aims of the Korean envoys by comparing each of these aspects described in the controversial Japanese history textbook called the New History Textbook. Concerning the naming of the war this paper suggests ‘the War of the Imjin Era’ or ‘the Hideyoshi’s First and Second Invasion of Korea’ stressing its role in the shaping of new East Asian world order instead of ‘the Rebellion of the Japanese’, which meant the invasion of Japanese pirates. It also criticizes previous studies which have emphasized Hideyoshi’s personal ambitions in explaining the causes of the war. In appraising the damages caused by the war there exists a wide gap between Korea and Japan. To better understand the reality of the war this paper tries to look at how the Japanese people were mobilized and the Japanese forces were deployed in Korea. In restoring its relations with Japan the Korean government tried to put the Tsushima Island in a subordinate position, and the So clan, the daimyo clan of the Tsushima, played a mediator role in the negotiations between the Korean government and the Tokugawa bakufu. Tsushima often pursued its own political and economic interests in its dealing with Korea at the expense of those of the bakufu. Even if Korea was very reluctant to restore its relations with Japan, the changing situations in East Asia forced Korea to accept the Japanese offer to restore their friendly relations. Previous studies on the Korean envoys to Japan tended to regard them as congratulatory envoys and cultural envoys, but they overlooked the fact that they were the political envoys designed to stabilize the international order in the area. Therefore, the major aim of the envoys was to collect military intelligence. The other seven middle school history textbooks were not much different from the so-called the new history textbook published recently by neo-nationalist scholars in attributing the cause of the Hideyoshi’s invasion of Korea to Hideyoshi’s personal ambitions to conquer Ming China. Some textbooks, however, try to be objective in describing the sensitive issues of Korean-Japanese relations.