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Characteristics and Causes of Extreme Rainfall Induced by Binary Tropical Cyclones over China
Mingyang Wang,Fumin Ren,Yanjun Xie,Guoping Li,Ming-Jen Yang,Tian Feng 한국기상학회 2021 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.57 No.2
Binary tropical cyclones (BTC) often bring disastrous rainfall to China. From the viewpoint of the extreme of the BTC maximum daily rainfall, the characteristics of BTC extreme rainfall (BTCER) during 1960–2018 are analyzed, using daily rainfall data; and some representative large-scale mean flows, in which the associated BTCs are embedded, are analyzed. Results show that the frequency of BTCER shows a decreasing trend [−0.49 (10 yr)−1] and is mainly distributed within the BTC heavy rainstorm interval (100 mm≤ BTCER <250 mm). BTCER occurs mostly from July to September with a peak in August. Three BTCER typical regions— Minbei, the Pearl River Delta (PRD), and Taiwan—are identified according to the clustering of stations with high BTCER frequency and large BTCER. A further analysis of the 850-hPa BTC composite horizontal wind and water vapor flux over the PRD region shows the existence of two water vapor transport channels, which transport water vapor to the western tropical cyclone. In the first of these channels, the transport takes place via the southwest monsoon, which accounts for 58% of the total moisture, and an easterly flow associated with eastern tropical cyclone accounts for the remaining 42%. Binary tropical cyclones (BTC) often bring disastrous rainfall to China. From the viewpoint of the extreme of the BTC maximum daily rainfall, the characteristics of BTC extreme rainfall (BTCER) during 1960–2018 are analyzed, using daily rainfall data; and some representative large-scale mean flows, in which the associated BTCs are embedded, are analyzed. Results show that the frequency of BTCER shows a decreasing trend [−0.49 (10 yr) −1 ] and is mainly distributed within the BTC heavy rainstorm interval (100 mm ≤ BTCER <250 mm). BTCER occurs mostly from July to September with a peak in August. Three BTCER typical regions— Minbei, the Pearl River Delta (PRD), and Taiwan—are identified according to the clustering of stations with high BTCER frequency and large BTCER. A further analysis of the 850-hPa BTC composite horizontal wind and water vapor flux over the PRD region shows the existence of two water vapor transport channels, which transport water vapor to the western tropical cyclone. In the first of these channels, the transport takes place via the southwest monsoon, which accounts for 58% of the total moisture, and an easterly flow associated with eastern tropical cyclone accounts for the remaining 42%.
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Mingyang Wang,Yan Zhao,Lingfang Cao,Silong Luo,Binyan Ni,Yi Zhang,Zeliang Chen 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.1
Background: Microsporum canis is a zoonotic disease that can cause dermatophytosis in animals and humans. Objectives: In clinical practice, ketoconazole (KTZ) and other imidazole drugs are commonly used to treat M. canis infection, but its molecular mechanism is not completely understood. The antifungal mechanism of KTZ needs to be studied in detail. Methods: In this study, one strain of fungi was isolated from a canine suffering with clinical dermatosis and confirmed as M. canis by morphological observation and sequencing analysis. The clinically isolated M. canis was treated with KTZ and transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes in M. canis exposed to KTZ compared with those unexposed thereto. Results: At half-inhibitory concentration (½MIC), compared with the control group, 453 genes were significantly up-regulated and 326 genes were significantly down-regulated (p < 0.05). Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis verified the transcriptome results of RNA sequencing. Gene ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis revealed that the 3 pathways of RNA polymerase, steroid biosynthesis, and ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes are closely related to the antifungal mechanism of KTZ. Conclusions: The results indicated that KTZ may change cell membrane permeability, destroy the cell wall, and inhibit mitosis and transcriptional regulation through CYP51, SQL, ERG6, ATM, ABCB1, SC, KER33, RPA1, and RNP genes in the 3 pathways. This study provides a new theoretical basis for the effective control of M. canis infection and the effect of KTZ on fungi.Background: Microsporum canis is a zoonotic disease that can cause dermatophytosis in animals and humans. Objectives: In clinical practice, ketoconazole (KTZ) and other imidazole drugs are commonly used to treat M. canis infection, but its molecular mechanism is not completely understood. The antifungal mechanism of KTZ needs to be studied in detail. Methods: In this study, one strain of fungi was isolated from a canine suffering with clinical dermatosis and confirmed as M. canis by morphological observation and sequencing analysis. The clinically isolated M. canis was treated with KTZ and transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed genes in M. canis exposed to KTZ compared with those unexposed thereto. Results: At half-inhibitory concentration (½MIC), compared with the control group, 453 genes were significantly up-regulated and 326 genes were significantly down-regulated (p < 0.05). Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis verified the transcriptome results of RNA sequencing. Gene ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis revealed that the 3 pathways of RNA polymerase, steroid biosynthesis, and ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes are closely related to the antifungal mechanism of KTZ. Conclusions: The results indicated that KTZ may change cell membrane permeability, destroy the cell wall, and inhibit mitosis and transcriptional regulation through CYP51, SQL, ERG6, ATM, ABCB1, SC, KER33, RPA1, and RNP genes in the 3 pathways. This study provides a new theoretical basis for the effective control of M. canis infection and the effect of KTZ on fungi.
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Wang, Qiuhua,Kang, Mingyang,Yuan, Lifeng,Wang, Yunlu,Miao, Gongxun,Choo, Kim-Kwang Raymond Korean Society for Internet Information 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.7
Channel characteristic-based physical layer authentication is one potential identity authentication scheme in wireless communication, such as used in a fog computing environment. While existing channel characteristic-based physical layer authentication schemes may be efficient when deployed in the conventional wireless network environment, they may be less efficient and practical for the industrial wireless communication environment due to the varying requirements. We observe that this is a topic that is understudied, and therefore in this paper, we review the constructions and performance of several commonly used test statistics and analyze their performance in typical industrial wireless networks using simulation experiments. The findings from the simulations show a number of limitations in existing channel characteristic-based physical layer authentication schemes. Therefore, we believe that it is a good idea to combine machine learning and multiple test statistics for identity authentication in future industrial wireless network deployment. Four machine learning methods prove that the scheme significantly improves the authentication accuracy and solves the challenge of choosing a threshold.
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( Qiuhua Wang ),( Mingyang Kang ),( Lifeng Yuan ),( Yunlu Wang ),( Gongxun Miao ),( Kim-kwang Raymond Choo ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.6
Channel characteristic-based physical layer authentication is one potential identity authentication scheme in wireless communication, such as used in a fog computing environment. While existing channel characteristic-based physical layer authentication schemes may be efficient when deployed in the conventional wireless network environment, they may be less efficient and practical for the industrial wireless communication environment due to the varying requirements. We observe that this is a topic that is understudied, and therefore in this paper, we review the constructions and performance of several commonly used test statistics and analyze their performance in typical industrial wireless networks using simulation experiments. The findings from the simulations show a number of limitations in existing channel characteristic-based physical layer authentication schemes. Therefore, we believe that it is a good idea to combine machine learning and multiple test statistics for identity authentication in future industrial wireless network deployment. Four machine learning methods prove that the scheme significantly improves the authentication accuracy and solves the challenge of choosing a threshold.
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Feibing Wang,Xuqin Ren,Fan Zhang,Mingyang Qi,Huiyun Zhao,Xinhong Chen,Yuxiu Ye,Jiayin Yang,Shuguang Li,Yi Zhang,Yuan Niu,Qing Zhou 한국식물생명공학회 2019 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.13 No.3
The R2R3-type MYB transcription factors have been shown to increase flavonoids accumulation by regulating the expression of key enzyme genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. However, the roles and underlying mechanisms of the soybean GmMYB12 gene in regulation of flavonoids accumulation and tolerance to abiotic stresses are rarely known. In the present study, the GmMYB12 gene was isolated and its function was characterized. Sequence and yeast one-hybrid analyses showed that GmMYB12 contained two MYB domains and belonged to R2R3-MYB protein with transactivation activity. Subcellular localization analysis in onion epidermal cells indicated that GmMYB12 was localized to the nucleus. Overexpression of GmMYB12 increased the production of downstream flavonoids and the expression of related genes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. It also improved resistance to salt and drought stresses during seed germination, root development, and growing stage. Further component and enzymatic analyses showed significant increases of proline content, pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (P5CS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) activities, as well as significant reduction of H2O2 and malonaldehyde (MDA) content under salt and drought stresses in transgenic plants. Meanwhile, the expression level of AtP5CS, AtSOD and AtPOD genes was up-regulated against salt and drought stresses. Together, our finding indicated that changing the expression level of GmMYB12 in plants alters the accumulation of flavonoids and regulates plantlet tolerance to abiotic stress by regulating osmotic balance, protecting membrane integrity and maintaining ROS homeostasis. The GmMYB12 gene has the potential to be used to increase the content of valuable flavonoids and improve the tolerance to abiotic stresses in plants
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Hydrodynamic cavitation and its application in water treatment combined with ozonation: A review
Bing Wang,Yunxian Liu,Huan Zhang,Wen Shi,Mingyang Xiong,Chunyang Gao,Mingcan Cui 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.114 No.-
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as cavitation and ozonation have been used as an alternativeand effective option for the treatment of wastewater with difficult to biodegrade compounds. In thisreview, the necessity and advantages of combining hydrodynamic cavitation with ozonation (HC/O3)were initially discussed. The discussion of the mechanism of the HC/O3 process revealed the presenceof both mechanical and chemical effects. Overviews of earlier work with HC/O3 technology were thensummarised to show the positive synergies and the HC devices in different wastewater treatments. Recommendations were given for parameter selection by analysing the impact of important operatingparameters on process performance. Energy efficiency and cost comparisons indicated that the HC/O3process was more cost effective than the individual process. Overall, the HC/O3 process with optimisedconditions is able to increase the degradation rate of refractory pollutants by more than 40% comparedto the HC process alone.
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