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      • SCIESCOPUS

        Evaluation of stabilizing materials for immobilization of toxic heavy metals in contaminated agricultural soils in China

        Cui, Mingcan,Lee, Yonghyeon,Choi, Jongbok,Kim, Jeonggwan,Han, Zhengchang,Son, Younggyu,Khim, Jeehyeong Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION Vol.193 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Contamination of agricultural crops by toxic heavy metals (HMs) causes serious damage to the human body. In this study, soil stabilization method was selected and coal mine drainage sludge (CMDS), waste cow bones (WCB), and steel making slag (SMS) were used as stabilization materials (SM). According to laboratory results, the optimum mixing ratio of SM and contaminated soil was 7 wt%. The optimal stabilizers for the stabilization of HMs contaminated soils were CMDS/SMS and CMDS/WCB, and the mixing ratio was 50:50 wt%. In addition, stabilization substances CMDS/SMS = 50/50, CMDS/WCB = 50/50, SMS/WCB = 50/50 and CMDS/SMS/WCB = 5/65/30 wt % were injected into four sites for 150 days. Results after 4 days of stabilization, SM of all compositions could satisfy the stabilization criteria. This study shows that CMDS, SMS, WCB, and a mixed composition of these can be effectively used as SM for agricultural soil contaminated with HMs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The first research on immobilization of toxic heavy metals in the soil using CMDS, WCB, and SMS. </LI> <LI> TCLP and sequential extraction methods were used to evaluate the soil stabilization of toxic heavy metal. </LI> <LI> Field assessment of toxic heavy metal immobilization in agricultural real field soils. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

      • SCISCIESCOPUS

        Significant enhancement of bromate removal in drinking water: Implications for the mechanism of sonocatalytic reduction

        Cui, Mingcan,Choi, Jongbok,Lee, Yonghyun,Ma, Junjun,Kim, Dukmin,Choi, Jaeyoung,Jang, Min,Khim, Jeehyeong Elsevier 2017 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.317 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Bromate (BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP>) is a potential carcinogenic compound that can form during the disinfection of drinking water. For the first time, the sonocatalytic reduction of BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> were studied through examining the effect of the important operational parameters such as ultrasound (US) frequency, TiO<SUB>2</SUB> loading, pH, temperature and other anions. By observing sonoluminescence (SL) at various frequencies and measuring H<SUB>2</SUB> production rates, a new reduction mechanism for BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> is also proposed. The kinetic results presented that the BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> reduction rates enlarged as the measured H<SUB>2</SUB> production rate increased for all parameters, and the slopes between the BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> reduction and H<SUB>2</SUB> production rates for sonocatalysis were much higher than those for sonolysis. Interestingly, sonolysis could be limited by the amount of H<SUB>2</SUB> production, but sonocatalysis could increase the BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> reduction rate because of additional electrons (e<SUP>−</SUP>) from the surface of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> via SL. The highest SL intensities for H<SUB>2</SUB> production and BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> reduction rates occurred at an ultrasound frequency of 500kHz, implying that an increase in SL intensity caused by ultrasound cavitation enhanced H<SUB>2</SUB> production and increased the e<SUP>-</SUP> released to the conduction band of TiO<SUB>2</SUB>. At 500kHz, BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> reduction rate (6.84×10<SUP>−2</SUP> min<SUP>−1</SUP>) by sonophotocatalysis was 5.2 times higher than that (1.32×10<SUP>−2</SUP> min<SUP>−1</SUP>) of sonolysis. Investigation into the effect of anion species showed that BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> reduction was inhibited or enhanced depending on the type of anions present. In real application, sonocatalytic reduction of BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> could be advantageous, as it has higher reduction rates than those reported for photocatalysis.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sonocatalytic BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> reduction was studied at various parameters and H<SUB>2</SUB> production. </LI> <LI> A new reduction mechanism is proposed by interpreting experimental results. </LI> <LI> Sonocatalytic reduction rates of BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> is much higher than sonolysis or photocatalysis. </LI> <LI> Other anions do not affect the sonocatalytic removal of BrO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP>. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

      • KCI등재

        Evaluation of Ultrasonic Oxidation of Diethyl Phthalate Using Box-Behnken Design with Response Surface Methodology

        Cui, Mingcan,Jang, Min,Kang, Kyounglim,Kim, Duk Min,Kim, Seoungsup,Khim, Jeehyeong Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 2013 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.13 No.6

        The kinetic constant of diethyl phthalate (DEP) oxidized by ultrasound was measured as a function of ultrasound power density, $Cl^-$ concentration and solution temperature. The ultrasonic oxidation kinetic of DEP could be described by the pseudo-first-order reaction d[DEP]/dt = -kCDEP, where k ($min^{-1}$) was identified using Box-Behnken Design coupled with Response Surface Methodology. The final equation for describing the kinetic constant k is as follows: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests showed that the second-order polynomial regression model could properly interpret the experimental data with a high determination coefficient ($R^2$, 0.998). The P-value of the model was 0.0001 which is less than 0.05, implying that the model is significant. Besides, the response surface showed that ultrasound power density gave much more effect than another two factors (temperature and $Cl^-$ ion concentration), which provides a possible evidence for the future design.

      • SCISCIESCOPUS

        Hydrodynamic cavitation and activated persulfate oxidation for degradation of bisphenol A: Kinetics and mechanism

        Choi, Jongbok,Cui, Mingcan,Lee, Yonghyeon,Kim, Jeonggwan,Son, Younggyu,Khim, Jeehyeong Elsevier 2018 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.338 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor and is toxic at low concentrations. Furthermore, in order to oxidize BPA at the water treatment, an economical treatment method is required. This study was the first study to apply hydrodynamic cavitation/persulfate (HC/PS) processes to degrade BPA and investigated the effects of important operating parameters, such as HC inlet pressure, PS loading, pH, temperature and other anions. The results showed that the optimal pressure of HC was 0.5 MPa and the rate constant increased as the PS load concentration increased. The contribution of OH and SO<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>− </SUP> to BPA oxidation using HC/PS processes was 10.3% and 89.7%, respectively. The reaction rate constant decreased with increasing pH and the reaction rate constant increased with increasing temperature. The activation energy was 69.62 kJ mol<SUP>−1</SUP>. The effects of other anions on BPA degradation were in the following order: Cl<SUP>−</SUP>> NO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP>> HCO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP>. Five major intermediates were formed in the HC/PS processes and they were obtained during 120 min of operation. Based on this, this study described the decomposition pathway of BPA. The kinetic study and economic evaluation of the HC/PS processes can be used as basic data for the real wastewater treatment process in the future.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A new oxidation mechanism for BPA is proposed. </LI> <LI> The respective contributions of OH (10.32%) and SO<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> (89.68% for BPA removal were determined. </LI> <LI> Cl anions affected HC/PS systems removal of BPA. </LI> <LI> Economics of HC/PS systems were based on energy and oxidant consumption. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

      • Demonstration and evaluation of potential configuration options for shale-wastewater treatment plant by combining several unit processes

        Lee, Yonghyeon,Cui, Mingcan,Choi, Jongbok,Jeong, Yunjae,Khim, Jeehyeong Elsevier 2019 Journal of cleaner production Vol.232 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The process of shale resource exploitation causes water-related problems, and it threatens the environment and is directly connected to sustainability of the industry. As a solution, several options for treatment plant configuration of shale produced water were investigated to determine the fit-for-purpose organization. The candidate processes are coagulation-flocculation (C–F), dissolved air flotation (DAF), ozonation (OZ), ion-exchange (IX), ultrafiltration (UF), and reverse-osmosis (RO). For all processes, their impacts on the features of the shale wastewater treatment were determined. The removal of oil and grease is critical for smooth operation, and could be achieved by adopting DAF→(OZ or UF). Treatment configuration options were designed to accommodate two situations: in-site reuse and discharge-to-nature. The performance of 17 configuration options was determined and each was recommended for use as in-site reuse or discharge-to-nature applications. Generally, C–F→DAF→OZ→IX is recommended for in-site reuse, and C–F→DAF→OZ→UF→RO is more suitable for discharge-to-nature. Total operating and maintenance cost of discharge plant is 2.425 times more expensive than that of in-site reuse. No studies have been published to date regarding plant design with these comprehensive technologies. Therefore, this study could provide fundamental information based on experimental results and a methodology for designing treatment plant configuration to realize sustainable shale production.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> 6 of unit processes were evaluated to treat real−field samples of shale−wastewater. </LI> <LI> 17 combinations were demonstrated as potential suggestions for plant configuration. </LI> <LI> Plant configuration was designed for 2 purposes, in−site reuse and discharge. </LI> <LI> First work dealing with several unit processes in one paper for shale−wastewater. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

      • SCIESCOPUS
      • SCIESCOPUS

        Synthesis, characterization and sonocatalytic applications of nano-structured carbon based TiO<sub>2</sub> catalysts

        Choi, Jongbok,Cui, Mingcan,Lee, Yonghyeon,Kim, Jeonggwan,Yoon, Yeomin,Jang, Min,Khim, Jeehyeong Elsevier 2018 Ultrasonics sonochemistry Vol.43 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In order to enhance sonocatalytic oxidation of a recalcitrant organic pollutant, rhodamine B (RhB), it is necessary to study the fundamental aspects of sonocatalysis. In this study, TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-incorporated nano-structured carbon (i.e., carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or graphene (GR)) composites were synthesized by coating TiO<SUB>2</SUB> on CNTs or GR of different mass percentages (0.5, 1, 5, and 10 wt%) by a facile hydrothermal method. The sonocatalytic degradation rates of RhB were examined for the effect of ultrasound (US) frequency and calcination temperature by using the prepared TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-NSC composites. Since US frequency affected the sonoluminescence (SL) intensities, it was proposed that there exists a correlation between the surface area or band-gap of the sonocatalysts and the degradation kinetic constants of RhB. In addition, the reusability of TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-GR composites was also investigated. Overall, the performance of TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-GRs prepared by the hydrothermal method was better than that of calcined TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-CNTs. Among TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-GRs, 5% GR incorporated media (TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-GR-5) showed the best performance. Interestingly, the kinetic constants of sonocatalysts prepared under hydrothermal conditions had a negative linear relationship with the band-gap energy for the corresponding media. Furthermore, the strongest SL intensity and highest degradation rates of RhB for both carbonaceous composites were observed at 500 kHz. The kinetic constants of calcined media decreased linearly as the specific area of the media decreased, while the band-gap energy could not be correlated with the kinetic constants. The GR combined TiO<SUB>2</SUB> composite might be a good sonocatalyst in wastewater treatment using ultrasound-based oxidation because of its high stability.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Nano-structured sonocatalysts were prepared by coating TiO<SUB>2</SUB> on CNTs or GR. </LI> <LI> US frequency affected the sonoluminescence (SL) intensities and degradation rates. </LI> <LI> Surface area or band-gap of the sonocatalysts correlates with degradation rates of RhB. </LI> <LI> TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-GRs prepared by hydrothermal method was better than TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-CNTs. </LI> <LI> Strongest SL and highest rates for carbonaceous composites were observed at 500 kHz. </LI> </UL> </P>

      • SCIESCOPUS

        Passive treatment of arsenic and heavy metals contaminated circumneutral mine drainage using granular polyurethane impregnated by coal mine drainage sludge

        Lee, Gooyong,Cui, Mingcan,Yoon, Yeomin,Khim, Jeehyeong,Jang, Min Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION Vol.186 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A one-step and facile process was used to incorporate coal mine drainage sludge (CMDS) into granular polyurethane (PU), designated as PU<SUB>CMDS</SUB>, to remediate circumneutral mine drainages simultaneously contaminated by arsenic and heavy-metals. PU<SUB>CMDS</SUB> was characterized through physiochemical analyses. Several batch and column tests were carried out. CMDS was homogeneously stuck on the large-sized pore surface of PU. Based on the kinetic modeling, the low-range Biot number (B<SUB>N</SUB>, 0.86–2.63) indicated that external diffusion is a main rate-limiting step. Rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs) also showed this phenomenon, in which the empty bed contact time (EBCT) influenced the arsenic removal efficiency more than did the PU<SUB>CMDS</SUB> size. PU<SUB>CMDS</SUB> had 8190–14,330 bed volumes (BVs) of breakthrough (BT, 50 μg L<SUP>−1</SUP>) for As(V), while it did not have BTs for other heavy metals, except for Fe(III). Two pilot-scale columns were conducted to observe their outlets till 7644 and 3800 BVs. As a result, PU<SUB>CMDS</SUB> did not have any BTs for all regulations of As (total) and heavy metals. All results in this study demonstrated not only that PU<SUB>CMDS</SUB> can effectively remove arsenic and other heavy metals in circumneutral mine drainages, but also that it shows an example of sustainable development concept in mine sector.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PU<SUB>CMDS</SUB> was prepared by simple method. </LI> <LI> PU<SUB>CMDS</SUB> was applied to remediate circum-neutral mine drainages. </LI> <LI> RSSCTs showed PU<SUB>CMDS</SUB> had 8190–14,330 BVs of BT (50 μg L<SUP>−1</SUP>) for As(V). </LI> <LI> PU<SUB>CMDS</SUB> did not have BT for other heavy metals, except Fe(III). </LI> <LI> Results of pilot-scale columns denoted that PU<SUB>CMDS</SUB> did not have BTs for all species. </LI> </UL> </P>

      • KCI등재

        Iron and aluminum based beaded sorbents for removing arsenic and fluorine from water: Application of machine learning for material selection

        Fengshi Guo,Yangmin Ren,Mingcan Cui,Wonhyun Ji,Junjun Ma,Zhengchang Han,Jeehyeong Khim 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.128 No.-

        In this study, the waste reuse of water purification plant sludge (WPS) and coal mine drainage sludge(CMDS) was carried out and synthesized into beaded adsorbents BWPS and BCMDS. The WPS is rich inaluminum, and the aluminum-based adsorbent has a good adsorption effect on the fluoride in water. CMDS is rich in iron and calcium, arsenic can be removed from water using this device. The experimentsmainly probed the pollutant-removing effects of two beaded adsorbents on fluoride and arsenic in water. According to the Langmuir isotherm equation, the maximum adsorption capacities (Qmax) of F- on BWPSand BCMDS are 0.90 and 0.65 mg g1, and the Qmax of As (V) are 9.87 and 14.88 mg g1, respectively. Witha range of pH 4 10 in experiments, increasing pH decreased the pseudo-second-order rate (K2) of F- andAs(V) adsorbed on the beaded adsorbents. The mechanism for removing F- by BWPS is physical adsorption,on BCMDS are ion exchange and precipitation, and for As(V) are physisorption and precipitation. Inthe desorption experiments, the results indicated that both adsorbents can be reused. In addition, it iscombined with XGBoost and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), to predict the adsorption capacity. Data preprocessing and model training improved the prediction accuracy, resulting in a final RMSE of0.429 and an average prediction accuracy of 91%. Through the evaluation index (EI) select the final adsorbent,the results showed that the choice of adsorbent was unchanged in general conditions and expertsurveys, however, in some specific scenarios can be changed.

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