도연명은거원인재탐 ( 陶淵明隱居原因再探 )

진영명 ( Ying Ming Chen ) 한국중국학회 1995 중국학보 Vol.35 No.1

朝鮮人視城中的乾隆皇帝 : 以《熱河日記》爲中心

劉广銘,金英今 中韓人文科學硏究會 2008 한중인문학연구 Vol.24 No.-

박지원 등이 창조한 건륭황제의 형상은 '객관화'됨으로써 동시대와 후세의 조선인들이 건륭황제를 묘사하는 데 있어서 원초적인 경험을 제공해주는 '기본 텍스트'로 작용하여 왔고 앞으로도 장기간에 걸쳐 건륭황제와 그 가족을 해석하는 기틀로 작용하게 될 것이다. 박지원이 묘사한 건륭황제는 조선조시기라는 역사적인 배경에서 이루어진 것인 동시에 박지원은 또한 조선조시기라는 역사적인 배경을 이루는 한 요소이기도 하다. 다시 말하면 사회집단의 상상력과 텍스트 사이의 관계는 전자가 후자를 제약하는 단선적인 영향관계가 아니라 양자가 서로 영향주는 관계, 일종의 교호적인 대화과정에 처해 있으며 부단한 대화과정에서 끊임없이 새로운 의의가 생성되고 새로운 형상이 탄생하게 되는 것이다. The objective image of Emperor Qianlong created by Pak Chi-Won is regarded as the pre-interpretation of the emperor. Such an image not only made the foundation for those Koreans in the same and following periods but also constrained the followers' interpretation of Qianlong and his family for a long time. Though the interpretation of Qianlong by Pak Chi-Won was constrained in the context of Li Dynasty, his interpretation also contributed to the creation of the context. It means the relation between virtual world of the community and text is not that the former one influences and constrains the later one but they interact with each other. They have an iterative dialogue relation. In such iterative dialogues new meanings and new images are continuously created.

Characteristics of registered studies for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review

Ming Yang,Ya-xi Shang,Zi-yu Tian,Min Xiong,Chun-li Lu,Jiang Yue,Zhang Yao,Zhang Ying-ying,Jin Xin-yan,Jin Qiu-bai,Zhang Ying-ying,Willcox Merlin L.,Liu Jian-ping 한국한의학연구원 2020 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.9 No.3

Background: The World Health Organization characterized the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic on March 11th. Many clinical trials on COVID-19 have been registered, and we aim to review the study characteristics and provide guidance for future trials to avoid duplicated effort. Methods: Studies on COVID-19 registered before March 3rd, 2020 on eight registry platforms worldwide were searched and the data of design, participants, interventions, and outcomes were extracted and analyzed. Results: Three hundred and ninety-three studies were identified and 380 (96.7%) were from mainland China, while 3 in Japan, 3 in France, 2 in the US, and 3 were international collaborative studies. Two hundred and sixty-six (67.7%) aimed at therapeutic effect, others were for prevention, diagnosis, prognosis, etc. Two hundred and two studies (51.4%) were randomized controlled trials. Two third of therapeutic studies tested Western medicines including antiviral drugs (17.7%), stem cell and cord blood therapy (10.2%), chloroquine and derivatives (8.3%), 16 (6.0%) on Chinese medicines, and 73 (27.4%) on integrated therapy of Western and Chinese medicines. Thirty-one studies among 266 therapeutic studies (11.7%) used mortality as primary outcome, while the most designed secondary outcomes were symptoms and signs (47.0%). Half of the studies (45.5%) had not started recruiting till March 3rd. Conclusion: Inappropriate outcome setting, delayed recruitment and insufficient numbers of new cases in China implied many studies may fail to complete. Strategies and protocols of the studies with robust and rapid data sharing are warranted for emergency public health events, helping the timely evidence-based decision-making.

rs12904 Polymorphism in the 3'UTR of EFNA1 is Associated with Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility in a Chinese Population

Mao, Ying-Ying,Jing, Fang-Yuan,Jin, Ming-Juan,Li, Ying-Jun,Ding, Ye,Guo, Jing,Wang, Fen-Juan,Jiang, Long-Fang,Chen, Kun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.9

Accumulated evidence has indicated that Ephrin A1 (EFNA1) is associated with angiogenesis and tumorigenesis in various types of malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC). In the current study, we performed an online search using the public microarray database to investigate whether EFNA1 expression might be altered in CRC tissues. We then conducted a case-control study including 306 subjects (102 cases and 204 well-matched controls) in Xiaoshan County to assess any association between genetic polymorphisms in EFNA1 and CRC susceptibility. Searches in the Oncomine expression profiling database revealed EFNA1 to be overexpressed in CRC tissue compared with adjacent normal tissue. The rs12904 G-A variant located in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of EFNA1 was observed to be associated with CRC susceptibility. Compared with the AA homozygous genotype, those carrying GA genotype had a decreased risk of developing CRC (odds ratio (OR)=0.469, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.225-0.977, and P=0.043). The association was stronger among smokers and tea drinkers, however, no statistical evidence of interaction between rs12904 polymorphism and smoking or tea drinking on CRC risk was found. Our results suggest that EFNA1 is involved in colorectal tumorigenesis, and rs12904 A>G polymorphism in the 3' UTR of EFNA1 is associated with CRC susceptibility. Larger studies and further mechanistic investigations are warranted to confirm our findings.

What Did They Mean by “Calculation Principles”?: Revisiting Argumentative Styles in Late Ming to Mid-Qing Chinese Mathematics

( Su Jim-hong ),( Ying Jia-ming ) 한국과학사학회 2016 한국과학사학회지 Vol.38 No.2

This article discusses the influence that two versions of the Elements had in Ming and Qing China as well as Chinese scholars` efforts to “integrate” (huitong 會通) Western and Chinese mathematics into a unified system in terms of argumentative styles in mathematics. Although much high praise was given to the axiomatic-de-ductive system of Euclid`s Elements, numerical arguments and problem-solving re-main important traits in the works of Chinese scholars. The compilation of the Shuli jingyun 數理精蘊 and the inclusion of another version of the Elements in it again prompted East Asian mathematicians to reflect more upon their methods of argu-mentation, and later scholars began to write texts whose arguments are more abstract than numerical. This paper presents examples taken from the works of several rep-resentative scholars from the late Ming to the mid-Qing periods to argue that their efforts of huitong produced argumentative styles that are a combination of both Chi-nese and Western approaches, and that there was a trend of moving from concrete calculations to general arguments in mathematical texts throughout the course of history. Finally, the authors conclude that what 17^th and 18^th century Chinese math-ematicians meant by “calculation principles” (suanli 算理) was never the kind of pure deduction in the Euclidean manner, but a combination of induction and deduc-tion, with the help of intuition, for the purpose of problem-solving.

A survey of career guidance needs of industrial design students in Taiwanese Universities

Ming-Ying Yang 서울대학교 교육연구소 2010 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.11 No.4

School pupils in Taiwan spend most of their time in studying and having examinations, and consequently many of them decide what major to study in universities rather hastily. Industrial design (ID) programs in universities nowadays recruit students from general and vocational senior high schools through a variety of channels. As a consequence, ID students may vary considerably in their abilities, aptitudes, and career goals, and they are in urgent need of career guidance. This paper reports a survey of the career guidance needs of ID students in Taiwan. Eight focus groups (fifty-six students in total) were interviewed and a sample of 360 ID students, from four Taiwanese universities, were surveyed. Based on the implications of the findings, we make some proposals for design education and further research.

Upregulation of PITX2 Promotes Letrozole Resistance Via Transcriptional Activation of IFITM1 Signaling in Breast Cancer Cells

Ying-ying Xu,Hai-ru Yu,Jia-yi Sun,Zhao Zhao,Shuang Li,Xin-feng Zhang,Zhi-xuan Liao,Ming-ke Cui,Juan Li,Chan Li,Qiang Zhang 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.2

Purpose Although the interferon  (IFN) signaling and the paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2 (PITX2) have both been implicated in the progression of breast cancer (BCa), it remains obscure whether these two pathways act in a coordinated manner. We therefore aimed to elucidate the expression and function of PITX2 during the pathogenesis of endocrine resistance in BCa. Materials and Methods PITX2 expression was assessed in BCa tissues using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and immunohistochemistry and in experimentally induced letrozole-resistant BCa cells using RT-qPCR and immunoblotting. Effects of PITX2 deregulation on BCa progression was determined by assessing MTT, apoptosis and xenograft model. Finally, using multiple assays, the transcriptional regulation of interferon-inducible transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) by PITX2 was studied at both molecular and functional levels. Results PITX2 expression was induced in letrozole-resistant BCa tissues and cells, and PITX2 induction by IFN signaling powerfully protected BCa cells against letrozole insult and potentiated letrozole-resistance. Mechanistically, PITX2 enhanced IFN-induced AKT activation by transactivating the transcription of IFITM1, thus rendering BCa cells unresponsive to letrozoleelicited cell death. Additionally, ablation of IFITM1 expression using siRNA substantially abolished IFN-elicited AKT phosphorylation, even in the presence of PITX2 overexpression, thus sensitizing BCa cells to letrozole treatment. Conclusion These results demonstrate that constitutive upregulation of PITX2/IFITM1 cascade is an intrinsic adaptive mechanism during the pathogenesis of letrozole-resistance, and modulation of PITX2/IFITM1 level using different genetic and pharmacological means would thus have a novel therapeutic potential against letrozole resistance in BCa.

Decreased Expression of TRPV4 Channels in HEI-OC1 Cells Induced by High Glucose Is Associated with Hearing Impairment

Ying Xing,Jie Ming,Tao Liu,Nana Zhang,Dingjun Zha,Ying Lin 연세대학교의과대학 2018 Yonsei medical journal Vol.59 No.9

Purpose: Previous reports have shown that hyperglycemia-induced inhibition of transient receptor potential vanilloid sub type 4 (TRPV4), a transient receptor potential ion channel, affects the severity of hearing impairment (HI). In this study, we explored the role of TRPV4 in HI using HEI-OC1 cells exposed to high glucose (HG). Materials and Methods: HEI-OC1 cells were cultured in a HG environment (25 mM D-glucose) for 48 hours, and qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to analyze the expression of TRPV4 at the mRNA and protein level. TRPV4 agonist (GSK1016790A) or antagonist (HC-067047) in cultured HEI-OC1 cells was used to obtain abnormal TRPV4 expression. Functional TRPV4 activity was assessed in cultured HEI-OC1 cells using the MTT assay and a cell death detection ELISA. Results: TRPV4 agonists exerted protective effects against HG-induced HI, as evidenced by increased MTT levels and inhibition of apoptosis in HEI-OC1 cells. TRPV4 overexpression significantly increased protein levels of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activatedprotein kinase (p-p38 MAPK), while TRPV4 antagonists had the opposite effect. Our results indicated that TRPV4 is a hyperglycemia-related factor that can inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis by activating the MAPK signaling pathwayin HEI-OC1 cells. Conclusion: Our results show that the overexpression of TRPV4 can attenuate cell death in HEI-OC1 cells exposed to HG.

Public Understanding of E-government

Ming-Ying Lee 서울행정학회 2005 서울행정학회 학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.- No.-

Hydrogenation of Ethyl Acetate to Ethanol over Bimetallic Cu-Zn/SiO₂Catalysts Prepared by Means of Coprecipitation

Ying-ming Zhu,Xin Wang Li Shi 대한화학회 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.1

A series of bimetallic Cu-Zn/SiO 2 catalysts were prepared via thermal decomposition of the as-synthesized CuZn(OH) 4 (H 2 SiO 3 ) 2 ·nH 2 O hydroxides precursors. This highly dispersed Cu-solid base catalyst is extremely effective for hydrogenation of ethyl acetate to ethanol. The reduction and oxidation features of the precursors prepared by coprecipitation method and catalysts were extensively investigated by TGA, XRD, TPR and N 2 - adsorption techniques. Catalytic activity by ethyl acetate hydrogenation of reaction temperatures between 120 and 300 o C, different catalyst calcination and reduction temperatures, different Cu/Zn loadings have been examined extensively. The relation between the performance for hydrogenation of ethyl acetate and the structure of the Cu-solid base catalysts with Zn loading were discussed. The detected conversion of ethyl acetate reached 81.6% with a 93.8% selectivity of ethanol. This investigation of the Cu-Zn/SiO 2 catalyst provides a recently proposed pathway for ethyl acetate hydrogenation reaction to produce ethanol over Cu- solid base catalysts.