좌각차단을 동반한 심부전증 환자에 실시한 양심실 심박조율기 치료 : 증례 보고

김찬욱,차태준,김성만,김민대,권성일,서수홍,최병주,주승재,이재우 고신대학교 의학부 2002 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.17 No.1

Epidemiological studies suggest that 30-50% of patients diagnosed with symptomatic congestive heart failure(CHF) have electrocardiographic evidence of a major intraventricular conduction delay, which may worsen left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction through asynchronous ventricular contraction and paradoxical interventricular septal wall motion. Biventricular pacing is an emerging therapy allowing simultaneous electrical stimulation of the both ventricles with an implantable pacing system and it improves hemodynamics and well-being of patient by reducing ventricular asynchrony. Recently, we underwent biventricular DDD pacemaker implantation in a patient with CHF and Left bundle branch block and was significantly improved exercise tolerance and quality of life in that patient.

수학과 교육과정 실제 및 분석

김민경,노선숙,유현주,조성민,차인숙 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교과교육연구소 2001 교과교육학연구 Vol.5 No.1

21세기 지식기반사회는 자기 주도적으로 정보를 처리하고 해석하며 판단하는 능력과 지적 가치를 창조할 수 있는 능력을 길러주는 학교수학 교육을 요구하고 있다. 이에 수학교육과정에 담겨져야 할 수학적 지식의 구조․내용․범위, 지식기반 사회에 적합한 수학과 교수-학습, 평가, 교사역할 등 역시 새로운 관점에서 재조명될 필요가 있으며, 이러한 연구는 학교 현장에 대한 이해에서 출발하고 개인의 필요성과 사회의 요구를 반영한 것이어야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 지식기반사회에 대비하기 위한 수학과 교육과정 개발 연구의 기초 단계로 교사, 학생, 학부모를 대상으로 현장 설문 조사를 전국 규모로 실시하였다. 설문 조사는 Goodlad의 학교 교육과정 탐구의 개념적 구도를 바탕으로 한국 교육의 실정을 반영하여 설계되었다. 수학 교육과정 실체의 다양한 국면을 조사하기 위한 설문 내용은 목적 및 목표, 교과내용, 교수-학습방법, 평가, 수학적 지식의 성격, 교육정보화, 교사교육, 사교육, 교육과정일반으로 구성되었다. 본 고에서는 Goodlad의 교육과정 탐구모형과 그 모형에 기초하여 작성된 본 연구의 수학교육과정 탐구모형, 실시된 설문조사의 방법 및 절차를 소개하였고, 설문조사의 주된 결과를 토대로 수학교육과정 개발연구에의 시사점을 찾고자 하였다. This study is to provide suggestions for the development of better mathematics curriculum model of Korea based on a national survey of teachers (527), students (1314), and parents (638). It is our belief that understanding the perceptions and experiences of those involved in the process of teaching and learning of mathematics education needs to be the first priority in any effort to explore better mathematics curriculum model. For the study, Goodlad's conceptual system for curriculum inquiry has been used, but modified to take into account Korean context and the nature of mathematics curriculum. In this paper we introduce the Goodlad's curriculum inquiry model and mathematics curriculum inquiry model based on the Goodlad's conceptual system as well as the survey process. We made few recommendations from the main results of the survey for the research and development of mathematics curriculum model in Korea.

山火跡地의 植物群集 構造 및 植生 變化分析

李敏渟,尹相旭,金昌浩 동국대학교 농림과학연구소 1988 農林科學 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

This study is carried out to clarify the changes in the forest vegetational structure as time goes by after the fire. The results obtained are as follows; 1. The Soil pH decreased, the soil organic matter and water content increased, and the soil structure was hardly changed as time goes by after the fire. 2. By analyzing the soil profile, the soil deepness was shallow in general, and the formation of the organic matter was gradually increased. nced. 3. In relative density, relative cover, relative frequency, Quercus spp., Alnus hirsuta, Lespedeza spp. showed the high value, but that of Lespedeza was decresed as time goes by, and for herbaceous plants Cymbopogon tortilis, Festuca ovina was very high value over all the plot. 4. Importance value of Quercus spp. and Alnus hirsuta was gradually increased, and that of herbaceous plants - Cymbopogon tortilis, Festuca ovina, and Pteridium aquilinum - also was gradually increased, but was decreased in the fifth year. 5. The species diversity showed the low value shortly after the fire, but was increased after the second year, and the eveness index was decreased as time goes by.

高速道路 切開地 비탈면의 植生構造 分析

尹相旭,李敏渟,金昌浩 동국대학교 농림과학연구소 1988 農林科學 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

This study was carried out to analyze the vegetational structure of the express highway. Seven sites in roadside slopes of the Kyungboo express highway (the section Pankyo-Shingal) were selected and quadrats of three sizes, 25㎡, 5㎡, 1㎡, were set up for trees, blush, herbs, respectively. The results obtained are as follows; 1) For trees, R. pseudo-acacia showed the most high value, 45%, 39%, respectively in relative density and relative cover. Relative frequency was most high(31%) in P. rigida. Among invading species, Quercus spp. showed the most high value. For blush, Puerarica thunbergiana and Lespedeza bicolor showed very high value in R.D., R.F., and R.C. Arundinella was most high in R.D., R.F., and Miscanthus sinensis in R.C. for herbs. 2) In importance value, R. pseudo-acacia showed very high value over all polt. R. pseudo-acacia also showed markedly high value in phoytograph index, making the highest layer. 3) Species diversity was most high in Plot 2, the community of R. pseudo-acacia - Alnus hirsuta. Plot 1, the community of Quercus spp. - Alnus hirsuta, was most high in evenness. And dominance value was most high in Plot 5, the community of R. pseudo-acacia, showing the most low species diversity.

월성봉 활엽수림 군락구조 분석 : 산록을 중심으로

이윤원,이민순,윤상욱,김진수 中部大學校 自然科學硏究所 1999 自然科學硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.1

수락계곡에 있어서 산록시면 하부의 이치림의 군락구조에 대한 속성을 조사한 결과 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 1. 본 군락은 54종의 식생으로 구성되었는데 교목층은 참나무류가 우점하고 있으며, 아교목층 저목층으로 내려갈수록 서어나무 신갈나무의 중요치가 높아지고, 초본층에서도 서어나무 물푸레나무 치묘가 많이 발생하고 있으므로 굴참나무가 우점하는 군락에서 신갈나무, 서어나무 군락으로 천이 cycle이 진행중인 것으로 판단된다. 2. 군락전체의 종다양도는 1.5452로 높았으나, 교목층의 종다양도는 낮았고, 종내경쟁이 심하였으며, 종간경쟁은 초본층이 가장 심하였다. 또한 저목층에서 안정도가 가장 높게 나타났으며, nich breadth는 초본층이 가장 높게 나타나는 것을 볼 때 초본층에서 교목층까지 차례로 생태적 지위가 재편성되는 과정으로 판단된다. 3. 수고 분포도와 흉고직경급 분포도를 토대로 군락동태를 예측해본 결과 천이 초기종인 굴참나무, 갈참나무가 교목층에 우점하는 군락에서, 천이 후기종인 신갈나무, 서어나무가 침입하여 천이가 진행중인 군락으로 판단된다. This research was aimed at figuring out the characteristics of community structre of secondary forest ecotone of deciduous broad leaved trees in foot slope of Wolsobong area, Which valley and foot slope and hill side doing net crossed. It can be expected to provide the fundamental data for tending and natural regeneration of broad leaved forest, in the Mt. Daedun as being known as temperature middle zone. The results are such as follows: The vegetation of the secondary forest ecotone, which foot slpoe and hill side being crossed, was composed of 54 species, the canopy domineted species, Quercus spp., for example. And under story, shurb layer was going lower, dominance species were Carpinus laxiflora, Quercus monglica. So it might be said that the investigated area is doing succession at the present time. Species diversity appeared 1.5452 at high values. Therefore the investigated area is reflecting species composition by environmental factors. On the other hand, at the each layer level, species diversity of the upper layer was lower values and interspecific encounter of herb layer the highest. And it may be concluded that niche breadth does appeared reforming, due to the stability of shurb layer strong of intraspecific encounter. Through analyzing dynamics of the community with using data, height distribution and D.B.H. class distribution range, Quercus variabilis, Quercus aliena species were rapidly growing well adapting. Afterwards it is assessed that the community structure of researched area will be obviously devoloped climax such as dominated Quercus monglica or Carpinus laxiflora community.

열처리에 따른 CVD Cu 박막의 미세구조 및 전기 비저항의 변화

이원준(Won-Jun Lee),민재식(Jae-Sik Min),라사균(Sa-Kyun Rha),이영종(Young-Jong Lee),김우식(Woo-Sik Kim),김동원(Dong-Won Kim),박종욱(Chong-Ook Park) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1995 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.4 No.2

열처리에 따른 Cu 박막의 미세구조 및 전기 비저항의 변화를 조사하였다. Cu(hfac)(TMVS)를 원료로 하는 저압화학증착법에 의해 증착온도를 160℃에서 330℃까지 변화시키면서 TiN 기판 위에 Cu 박막을 제조하였고 450℃에서 30분간 열처리하였다. 증착온도에 따라 표면이 평평한 Cu 박막을 형성하는 표면 반응제한지역과 표면이 거친 Cu 박막을 형성하는 물질전달제한지역이 관찰되었다. 열처리 후 Cu 박막은 전체적으로 표면이 평탄해졌고 결정립의 크기는 모든 증착온도에서 증가하였는데 그 편차 역시 증가하여 EM 저항성 측면에서는 큰 효과를 보이지 못할 것으로 판단된다. 비저항은 증착온도 200℃에서 급격히 증가하였고 열처리 후에는 모든 증착온도에서 비저항이 감소하였는데 표면반응제한지역에서는 결정립 성장에 의한 약간의 비저항 감소를 보였으나 물질전달제한지역에서는 응집에 의해 Cu 결정립간의 전기적 연결 상태가 향상되어 급격한 비저항 감소를 보였다. The effects of the thermal annealing on the microstructure and the electrical resistivity of the copper films were studied. Copper film was prepared on TiN substrate by the low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) using Cu(hfac)(TMVS) as the precursor at the deposition temperature between 160 and 330℃, and then annealed at 450℃ for 30 min. There were two distinct temperature regions, one is the surface reaction limited region, producing smooth surfaced copper film, and the other is the mass transport limited region which produces rough surfaced film. After annealing, the surfaces of the copper films had tendency to become smooth, and the grain size enlarged in all deposition temperature regions. However, the deviation of the grain size was increased too much to improve the EM resistance. The electrical resistivity showed a rapid increase at the deposition temperature of 200℃. After annealing, the resistivity of the copper film deposited in the surface reaction limited region decreased slightly by the grain growth, but ones deposited in the mass transport limited region decreased drastically by coalescence of the grains, causing the improvements of the electrical connections among copper grains.

Highly sensitive cantilever type chemo-mechanical hydrogen sensor based on contact resistance of self-adjusted carbon nanotube arrays

Kim, Min-Ook,Lee, Kyounghoon,Na, Hyungjoo,Kwon, Dae-Sung,Choi, Jungwook,Lee, Jae-Ik,Baek, Dae-Hyun,Kim, Jongbaeg Elsevier 2014 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.197 No.-

A highly sensitive cantilever type chemo-mechanical hydrogen sensor with a novel sensing mechanism that can detect changes in contact resistance in self-adjusted carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays is described. The fabricated sensor is fully batch-fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer and is composed of two facing sets of CNT arrays, situated between a Pd-coated micro-cantilever, that serve as the electrode and counter-electrode. When the sensor is exposed to various concentrations of hydrogen at room temperature, resistance is decreased as the cantilever deforms and increases inter-CNT contact. Turning off the hydrogen re-shrinks the Pd, restoring the original cantilever position and recovering the initial resistance. The sensor can detect hydrogen diluted in nitrogen at concentrations of up to 4% and has an average response as high as -1.22% to a 0.1% concentration of hydrogen in air, which is the minimum detection limit. This sensitivity, which is much higher than in previously reported cantilever-type resistive chemo-mechanical hydrogen sensors, can be attributed to the novel sensing mechanism in which the narrow-gap between CNT arrays comprise the sensing component. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

인슐린종 1 예

김동수,이용규,김상순,김용기,이민기,이광욱,김상욱,박규현,양웅석,김상호,문한규,허윤,도창호,손덕현,최장락,강필증 대한내과학회 1990 대한내과학회지 Vol.39 No.2

Insulinoma is characterized by fasting hypoglycemia, various neuropsychiatric symptoms, and those caused by secondary to hypoglycemia. A 21-year-old female was admitted due to frequent loss of consciousness and dull mentality for a year and three months. She was diagnosed as insulinoma on the basis of Whipple's triad, celiac, and mesenteric angiography, abdominal C.T, scan, and the inappropriately elevat level of the insulin and C-peptide in the serum. When we transferred her to the Department of General Surgery for the remaval of insulinoma, a large mass was revealed in the pancreatic head portion with the invasion of the adjucent structures. Thus they performed Whipple's operation. Histologic examinations by light and electron microscopy showed islet cell tumor and many secretary granules in the cytoplasm. A brief review of the literature was made.

Flexible and multi-directional piezoelectric energy harvester for self-powered human motion sensor

Kim, Min-Ook,Pyo, Soonjae,Oh, Yongkeun,Kang, Yunsung,Cho, Kyung-Ho,Choi, Jungwook,Kim, Jongbaeg Institute of Physics Publishing 2018 Smart materials & structures Vol.27 No.3

<P>A flexible piezoelectric strain energy harvester that is responsive to multi-directional input forces produced by various human motions is proposed. The structure of the harvester, which includes a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) bump, facilitates the effective conversion of strain energy, produced by input forces applied in random directions, into electrical energy. The structural design of the PDMS bump and frame as well as the slits in the piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film provide mechanical flexibility and enhance the strain induced in the PVDF film under input forces applied at various angles. The amount and direction of the strain induced in PVDF can be changed by the direction of the applied force; thus, the generated output power can be varied. The measured maximum output peak voltage is 1.75, 1.29, and 0.98 V when an input force of 4 N (2 Hz) is applied at angles of 0°, 45°, and 90°, and the corresponding maximum output power is 0.064, 0.026, and 0.02 <I>μ</I>W, respectively. Moreover, the harvester stably generates output voltage over 1.4?×?10<SUP>4</SUP> cycles. Thus, the proposed harvester successfully identifies and converts strain energy produced by multi-directional input forces by various human motions into electrical energy. We demonstrate the potential utility of the proposed flexible energy harvester as a self-powered human motion sensor for wireless healthcare systems.</P>

Diagnostic Mutational Analysis of MECP2 in Korean patients with Rett syndrome

Kim, In-Joo,Kim, Yeon-Joo,Son, Byeong-Hee,Nam, Sang-Ook,Kang, Hoon-Chul,Kim, Heung-Dong,Choi, Ook-Hwan,Yoo, Mi-Ae,Kim, Cheol-Min 대한유전성대사질환학회 2005 대한유전성대사질환학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Purpose: Rett syndrome (RTT) is an X-linked dominant neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 1 per 10,000~15,000 female births worldwide. The disease-causing gene has been identified as MECP2 (methyl-CpG-binding protein). In this study, we carried out diagnostic mutational analysis of MECP2 gene in RTT patients. Methods: We analyzed four exons and putative promoter of MECP2 gene from the peripheral blood of 43 Korean patients with RTT by PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing. Results: Mutations were detected in MECP2 gene about 60.5% of patients. The mutations consisted of 14 different types including 9 missense mutations, 4 nonsense mutations and 1 frameshift mutation. Of these, three mutations (G161E, T311M, P385fsX409) were newly identified and these were determined as disease-causing mutations by PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing analysis. Most of the mutations were located within MBD (42.3%) and TRD (50%). T158M, R270X, and R306C mutations were identified with high frequency. An intronic SNP (IVS3+23C>G) was newly identified in only three of the patients. It may be a disease-related and Korea-specific SNP with RTT. The L100V and A201V have been reported to be unclassified variant and SNP. However, these mutations were not found in more than 100 normal Korean control samples. These base substitutions seem to be the disease-causing mutations in Korean RTT contrary to previous studies. Conclusion: Disease-causing mutations and polymorphisms would be very important for diagnosing of RTT in Korean. The experimental procedure used in this study might be considered for molecular biologic diagnosis used in clinical field.