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Mei-Man Chen,Bi-Hua Cheng 한국간호과학회 2020 Asian Nursing Research Vol.14 No.4
Purpose: This study sought to understand Taiwanese women’s decisional experiences regarding prenatalscreening procedures and diagnostics. Methods: A hermeneutic phenomenological design guided semistructured interviews with 33 womenwho were 36 weeks pregnant. Data were collected between February and October 2016. Verbatimtranscripts were analyzed following hermeneutic circle to cocreate an understanding of Taiwanesewomen’s decision-making in prenatal screening and diagnostics. Results: Women’s existential experiences were derived from their decision-making process on prenatalscreening procedures and diagnostics for chromosomal aneuploidy. These decisional experiences werecaptured by four theme clusters and eight themes, which were inductively derived from 16 meaningunits: (1) accessing health information; (2) considering what was best for my baby; (3) consideringfamily finance; and (4) feeling anxiety posttest. Conclusion: Participants made informed choices on several prenatal screening procedures, ostensibly,based on their personal values and considerations. During the decision-making process, often-citedbenefits of genetic screenings were emphasized, but test limitations were often unheeded. A fundamentalneed for supportive information in decision making was further identified with recommendedstrategies. Hence, a revision of traditional genetic counseling approaches is recommended. As genomicstechnologies are increasingly available during antenatal services, women should be sufficiently educatedabout them to support decision making.
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( Shu Man Chen ),( Chia Hua Kuo ) 한국운동영양학회 2012 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.16 No.2
Oxygen is the final acceptor of electron transport from fat and carbohydrate oxidation, which is the rate-limiting factor for cellular ATP production. Under altitude hypoxia condition, energy reliance on anaerobic glycolysis increases to compensate for the shortfall caused by reduced fatty acid oxidation [1]. Therefore, training at altitude is expected to strongly influence the human metabolic system, and has the potential to be designed as a non-pharmacological or recreational intervention regimen for correcting diabetes or related metabolic problems. However, most people cannot accommodate high altitude exposure above 4500 M due to acute mountain sickness (AMS) and insulin resistance corresponding to a increased levels of the stress hormones cortisol and catecholamine [2]. Thus, less stringent conditions were evaluated to determine whether glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity could be improved by moderate altitude exposure (below 4000 M). In 2003, we and another group in Austria reported that short-term moderate altitude exposure plus endurance-related physical activity significantly improves glucose tolerance (not fasting glucose) in humans [3, 4], which is associated with the improvement in the whole-body insulin sensitivity [5]. With daily hiking at an altitude of approximately 4000 M, glucose tolerance can still be improved but fasting glucose was slightly elevated. Individuals vary widely in their response to altitude challenge. In particular, the improvement in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity by prolonged altitude hiking activity is not apparent in those individuals with low baseline DHEA-S concentration [6]. In addition, hematopoietic adaptation against altitude hypoxia can also be impaired in individuals with low DHEA-S. In short-lived mammals like rodents, the DHEA-S level is barely detectable since their adrenal cortex does not appear to produce this steroid [7]. In this model, exercise training recovery under prolonged hypoxia exposure (14-15% oxygen, 8 h per day for 6 weeks) can still improve insulin sensitivity, secondary to an effective suppression of adiposity [8]. Genetically obese rats exhibit hyperinsulinemia (sign of insulin resistance) with up-regulated baseline levels of AMP-activated protein kinase and AS160 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle compared to lean rats. After prolonged hypoxia training, this abnormality can be reversed concomitant with an approximately 50% increase in GLUT4 protein expression. Additionally, prolonged moderate hypoxia training results in decreased diffusion distance of muscle fiber (reduced cross-sectional area) without affecting muscle weight. In humans, moderate hypoxia increases postprandial blood distribution towards skeletal muscle during a training recovery. This physiological response plays a role in the redistribution of fuel storage among important energy storage sites and may explain its potent effect on changing body composition. Conclusion: Prolonged moderate altitude hypoxia (rangingfrom 1700 to 2400 M), but not acute high attitude hypoxia (above 4000 M), can effectively improve insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance for humans and antagonizes the obese phenotype in animals with a genetic defect. In humans, the magnitude of the improvementvaries widely and correlates with baseline plasma DHEA-S levels. Compared to training at sea-level, training at altitude effectively decreases fat mass in parallel with increased muscle mass. This change may be associated with increased perfusion of insulin and fuel towards skeletal muscle that favors muscle competing postprandial fuel in circulation against adipose tissues.
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Tao Chen,Zenglin Hong,Fang-an Deng,Man Cui 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.6
DNA microarray technique can detect tens of thousands of genes activity in cells and has been widely used in clinical diagnosis. However, microarray data has the characteristics of high dimension and small samples, moreover many irrelevant and redundant genes also decrease performance of classification algorithm. Feature gene selection is an effective method to solve this problem. This paper proposes a hybrid feature gene selection method. Firstly, a lot of irrelevant genes from original data were eliminated by using reliefF algorithm, and the candidate feature genes subset is obtained; Secondly, Fuzzy neighborhood rough set with information entropy which deals directly with continuous data is proposed to reduce redundant genes among genes subset above. Here, differential evolution algorithm is used to optimize radius before reduction by using fuzzy neighborhood rough set, because radius of neighborhood greatly affects reduction performance. The simulation results on six microarray datasets indicate that our method can obtain higher classification accuracy by using as few genes as possible, especially feature genes selected are important for understanding microarray data and identifying the pathogenic genes. The results demonstrated that this method is effective and efficient for feature genes selection.
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Yong-Ping Chen,Feng-Bin Lu,Da-Zhi Chen,Lu Chen,En-De Hu,Jin-Lu Wu,Hui Li,Yue-Wen Gong,Zhuo Lin,Xiao-Dong Wang,Ji Li,Xiao-Ya Jin,Lan-Man Xu 한국분자세포생물학회 2019 Molecules and cells Vol.42 No.12
MicroRNA-223-3p (miR-223-3p) is one of the potential microRNAs that have been shown to alleviate inflammatory responses in pre-clinical investigations and is highly encased in exosomes derived from bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-exosomes). MSC-exosomes are able to function as carriers to deliver microRNAs into cells. Autoimmune hepatitis is one of the challenging liver diseases with no effective treatment other than steroid hormones. Here, we examined whether MSC-exosomes can transfer miR-223-3p to treat autoimmune hepatitis in an experimental model. We found that MSC-exosomes were successfully incorporated with miR-223-3p and delivered miR-223-3p into macrophages. Moreover, there was no toxic effect of exosomes on the macrophages. Furthermore, treatments of either exosomes or exosomes with miR-223-3p successfully attenuated inflammatory responses in the liver of autoimmune hepatitis and inflammatory cytokine release in both the liver and macrophages. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of miR-223-3p level and STAT3 expression in the liver and macrophages. These results suggest that MSC-exosomes can be used to deliver miR-223-3p for the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis.
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Lu, Feng-Bin,Chen, Da-Zhi,Chen, Lu,Hu, En-De,Wu, Jin-Lu,Li, Hui,Gong, Yue-Wen,Lin, Zhuo,Wang, Xiao-Dong,Li, Ji,Jin, Xiao-Ya,Xu, Lan-Man,Chen, Yong-Ping Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2019 Molecules and cells Vol.42 No.12
MicroRNA-223-3p (miR-223-3p) is one of the potential microRNAs that have been shown to alleviate inflammatory responses in pre-clinical investigations and is highly encased in exosomes derived from bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-exosomes). MSC-exosomes are able to function as carriers to deliver microRNAs into cells. Autoimmune hepatitis is one of the challenging liver diseases with no effective treatment other than steroid hormones. Here, we examined whether MSC-exosomes can transfer miR-223-3p to treat autoimmune hepatitis in an experimental model. We found that MSC-exosomes were successfully incorporated with miR-223-3p and delivered miR-223-3p into macrophages. Moreover, there was no toxic effect of exosomes on the macrophages. Furthermore, treatments of either exosomes or exosomes with miR-223-3p successfully attenuated inflammatory responses in the liver of autoimmune hepatitis and inflammatory cytokine release in both the liver and macrophages. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of miR-223-3p level and STAT3 expression in the liver and macrophages. These results suggest that MSC-exosomes can be used to deliver miR-223-3p for the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis.
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Desmond Y. H. Yap,Kevin S. H. Liu,Yu-Chun Hsu,Grace L. H. Wong,Ming-Chang Tsai,Chien-Hung Chen,Ching-Sheng Hsu,Yee Tak Hui,Michael K. K. Li,Chen-Hua Liu,Yee-Man Kan,Ming-Lung Yu,Man-Fung Yuen 대한간학회 2020 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.26 No.4
Background/Aims: Data on treatment efficacy and safety of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Asian patients with severe renal impairment are limited. This study aimed to study the treatment and side effects of GLE/PIB in these patients infected with non-1 genotype (GT) HCV. Methods: We prospectively recruited patients with Child’s A cirrhosis and eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 in Hong Kong and Taiwan during 2017–2018 to receive GLE/PIB treatment. Results: Twenty-one patients (GT2, n=7; GT3, n=6; and GT6, n=8) received GLE/PIB for 11.2±1.8 weeks. All except one were treatment-naïve. GLE/PIB was initiated in 16 patients while on dialysis (seven on peritoneal dialysis [PD] and nine on hemodialysis) and in five patients before dialysis. One patient died of PD-related peritonitis during treatment and two were lost to follow up. The SVR12 rate in the remaining 18 patients was 100%. All patients achieved undetectable levels at 4-, 12-, 24- and 48-week after treatment. Patients with deranged alanine aminotransferase showed normalization after 4 weeks and the response was sustained for 48 weeks. No significant adverse event was observed. Conclusions: GLE/PIB treatment was associated with high efficacy and tolerability in HCV-infected patients with severe renal impairment.
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Comparisons of 4WS and Brake-FAS based on IMC for vehicle stability control
Men Jinlai,Wu Bofu,Chen Jie 대한기계학회 2011 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.25 No.5
The paper proposes a multi-input-multi-output internal model control (MIMO IMC) based on combined brake and front wheel active steering (Brake-FAS) for vehicle stability control and makes comparisons with the four wheel steering internal model control (4WS IMC). Brake control would change vehicle velocity which will make the vehicle control model nonlinear. To solve the nonlinearity involved in the Brake-FAS, an inverse system method is introduced to turn the nonlinear internal vehicle model into a pseudo-linear system,and then the design of main IMC controller and related filters is discussed in details. Comparisons of the Brake-FAS IMC and 4WS IMC were done on the basis of simulations which were composed of different combinations of driving maneuvers and road conditions in Simulink where an 11DOF vehicle model verified by CarSim7 was built.
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Fast Finite-time Attitude Tracking Control of Rigid Spacecraft with Quantized Input Signals
Man Yu,Ming Chen,Libing Wu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.6
The problem of fast finite-time attitude tracking quantized control is addressed for rigid spacecraft in the paper. With the help of the backstepping technique, hysteresis quantizer and the finite-time control scheme, a novel fast finite-time attitude controller is proposed. The modified Rodriguze parameters (MRPs) are used to describe the dynamic and kinematic equations of rigid spacecraft system. Then by utilizing Lagrange theorem, rigid spacecraft attitude system is transformed into a common strict feedback system. Next, a new coordinate transformation is introduced, which will be used in the presented controller. Based on the backstepping strategy, the sufficient conditions for the existence of the fast finite-time controller are presented. Theoretical analysis shows that the attitude tracking errors rapidly converge to the equilibrium point within finite time. Meanwhile, all the signals of the close-loop system are bounded. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
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