연령대별 요추 추간판탈출증 환자의 요근과 척추주위근 단면적에 대한 분석

공덕현 ( Deok Hyun Kong ),배광호 ( Kwang Ho Bae ),고호연 ( Ho Yeon Go ),강명진 ( Myung Jin Kang ),김준수 ( Jun Su Kim ),양기영 ( Kee Young Yang ),이재훈 ( Jae Hoon Lee ),은영준 ( Young Jun Eun ) 한방재활의학과학회 2010 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Objectives :This study was designed to evaluate the correlation of the cross-sectional areas(CSA) of paraspinalis(iliocostalis lumborum, multifidus, longissimus thoracis parts lumborum) and psoas muscle and sex, age, change of the VAS(visual analogue scale) and past history of chronic low back pain in patients suffering from HIVD(herniation of intervertebral disc). Methods :Medical records of 140 subjects with HIVD were retrospectively reviewed. The MRI(magnetic resonance imaging) findings on the patients were scanned and analyzed by PiView program to find the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and were evaluated by the correlation of sex, age, change of the VAS, and past history of chronic low back pain. Results :There was significant difference between groups in male and female, young-adults age and middle age, middle age and old age, young-adults age and old age. But the correlation of the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and past history of chronic low back pain were partially significant. On the other hand, the correlation of the paraspinal and psoas muscle CSA and change of the VAS were not significant. Conclusions :These results suggest that the cross-sectional areas(CSA) of paraspinalis and psoas muscle have relevance to sex and age.

Original Articles : Clinical significance of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C patients

( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sung Ran Cheon1 ),( Sae Hwan Lee1 ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Young Seok Kim1 ),( Young Deok Cho1 ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin ),( Yun Soo 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: We investigated the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive individuals and the effects of occult HBV infection on the severity of liver disease. Methods: Seventy-one hepatitis B virus surface-antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients were divided according to their HBV serological status into groups A (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative; n=18), B (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive; n=34), and C (anti-HBc negative, anti-HBs positive/negative; n=19), and by anti-HCV positivity (anti-HCV positive; n=32 vs. anti-HCV negative; n=39). Liver biopsy samples were taken, and HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Results: Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 32.4% (23/71) of the entire cohort, and HBV DNA levels were invariably low in the different groups. Occult HBV infection was detected more frequently in the anti-HBc-positive patients. Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 28.1% (9/32) of the anti-HCV-positive and 35.9% (14/39) of the anti-HCV-negative subjects. The HCV genotype did not affect the detection rate of intrahepatic HBV DNA. In anti-HCV-positive cases, occult HBV infection did not affect liver disease severity. Conclusions: Low levels of intrahepatic HBV DNA were detected frequently in both HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive cases. However, the frequency of occult HBV infection was not affected by the presence of hepatitis C, and occult HBV infection did not have a significant effect on the disease severity of hepatitis C. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:206-212)

Helicobacter pylori와 대장균의 Shuttle Vector 개발

조명제,이우곤,이상룡,김경희,안영숙,김성희,김현주,류복덕,최여정,윤영혜,백승철,전영석,이광호 경상대학교 유전공학연구소 1997 遺傳工學硏究所報 Vol.16 No.-

In this study, a vehicle vector using cryptic plasmids was constructed for gene transfer in Helicobacter pylori. pHP51(3.9 kb) and pHP489(1.2 kb) were selected for constructing vectors from cryptic plasmid of H. pylori isolates in Korea. The HindⅢ-digestedDNA fragment(1.2kb) of pHP489 and 1.6kb DNA fragment of pHP51 were ligated with a kanamycin resistance gene(aph3'-Ⅲ) from C. jejuni to produce the recombinant plasmids pHP489K and pHP51K, respectively. Transformation frequency of pHP51K by electroporation was low. But pHP489K could be effectively transformed into various H. pylori strains. In order to design an intermdiate vehicle vector for gene transfer into H. pylori, pBlueHP489K was prepared by recloning pHP489K DNA into pBluescript and pTZ19R vector. This vector permitted the DNA fragment containing pHP489 sequence, aph3'-Ⅲ, and cloned DNA to be cut and self-ligated in the SacⅠ site after cloning. ureA and ureB gene were inserted into pBlueHP489K, resulting in pBlueHP489K/AB. The DNA fragment containing pHP489, kanamycin resistance gene(aph3'-Ⅲ), and urease structural gene was cut away from pBlueHP489K/AB and self-ligated to generate pBlueHP489K/AB. pBlueHP489K/AB made urease-negative H. pylori strains restore their urease activity. By this experiment, pBlueHP489K was confirmed to be the vehicle system for transferring H. pylori genes.

투구 속도 증가에 따른 타자의 발 움직임과 지면 반력의 변화

이영석,은선덕 한국운동역학회 2004 한국운동역학회지 Vol.14 No.3

Y. S. LEE, S. D. EUN. The Movement of Foot and the Shift of Ground Reaction Force in Batters according to the Ball Speed Increase. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 14, No3, pp. 191-202, 2004. The batting performance in baseball is a repetitive movement. In order to make the stabilization of posture and the efficient shift of body weight, both the range of stance and stride are important. The previous studies explained that the consistent stride which included the amount of time, stance, and direction were needed. However, the batting performance is frequently changed according to the several speed of ball. Therefore, this study was to analyze the reaction time, the range of stance, the change of stride, and the change of GRF during the batting movement in three kinds of ball speed (120km/h, 130km/h, & 140km/h). Seven elite players are participated in this study. 1. The reaction time of the stride phase was short whereas the time of the swing phase was long according to the increasing ball speed. 2. The range of the stance was wide and the mediolateral direction of the stride was decreased according to the increasing ball speed. 3. In the three kinds of ball speed, the change of body weight was transferred to the center, the rear foot, and the front foot directions. The ball speed of 130km/h showed the high frequency of the suitable batting. At this ball speed, the movement of the body weight was shifted smoothly and the value of the Ground Reaction Force was large enough.

전문 실습장내의 작업환경소음으로 인한 PSIL 개선에 관한 연구

이종길,배영덕 안동대학교 환경연구소 2001 환경연구 Vol.1 No.-

This research is to investigate of PSIL improvement caused by the work environmental noise at the integrated mechanical laboratory of the technical high school. J technical high school was selected as an analytical place and the noise level was measured. To make a normal speech communication between teacher and student at the distance of 5ft, environmental noise level have to be attenuated about 10∼20dBA. To improve PSIL, barrier can be installed at the distance of 1.5m from the noise source and 1.2m above the ground.

대량재해에 있어 미토콘드리아 DNA의 다형성을 이용한 개인식별

이숭덕,김기범,이윤성,최영태,신창호,이정빈 大韓法醫學會 1996 대한법의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

The mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) is a small extranuclear DNA molecule that has been sequenced in man. the mtDNA has distinct characteristics over nuclear DNA. First, the evolutionary rate of nucleotide substitution appears to be larger compared with the nuclear DNA. Second, mtDNA is maternally inherited, so the determination of the various haplotype is unequivocal and no recombination has to be involved. Third, there is a 1.1 kb long control region, which shows severe polymorphism. These characteristics have been applied for several evolutionary study. Furthermore, they exist in cytoplasm with numerous copy number and their size, 16,569 bp is small relative to nuclear DNA, so they are more resistant to degradation or can be types in samples with only cytoplasm such as hair shaft without hair root. These presented the possibility of mtDNA as a tool in individual identification, especially when the nuclear DNA be unavailable. Actually, polymorphism in control region has been applied to individual identification for the skeletal remain found in Vietnam war. So we decided to apply the polymorphism of mtDNA in control region for the individual identification in case of mass disaster-"Downfall of Sampoong Department". Human remains from total 27 different individuals and 178 control persons were submitted for the individual identification. As the mtDNA comparison could be done through maternal lineage, 12 individual from 9 families from the control group were ruled out, because these families were consisted of father or were seeking for their father. Sequencing for the mtDNA control region was done using ABI automatic sequencer and DyeDeoxy Terminator Cycle Sequencing Kit. For convenience, sequencing reaction was done for two separate control region, region I from 16016-16401 in Anderson sequence, and regionⅡ from 048-388. First, sequences in regionⅡ of all samples and control persons were compared, and 20 samples were ruled out with no identical sequences in control group. Remaining 7 samples showed identical sequences with some of the control persons in three groups, and these identical pairs underwent mtDNA region I study. After region I study all samples except two dropped out in blood relationship. For the confirmation, STR and VNTR study such as MCT118, apoB, YNZ22, vWF, MBP, D21S11, TC-11 were done for remaining the two samples. The result denied the blood relationship between these two samples and any of the control group.

國際現金管理의 領域設定에 관한 硏究

李永德 충남대학교 경상대학부설 경영경제연구소 1989 경영논집 Vol.5 No.2

프레스 공정의 작업 배분에 관한 사례 연구

이영덕 울산대학교 2001 경영학연구논문집 Vol.8 No.1-2

산업현장에서는 여러 복잡한 상황이 발생하고 있으며 이를 효율적으로 처리하는 것은 매우 중요한 과제이다. 본 연구에서는 프레스공정에서의 작업할당에 관한 사례를 다루었는데, 매우 복잡 상황에서 새로운 문제가 발생하고 있는 상태에서 수리적 기법을 이용하여 이를 효율적으로 처리하여 문제를 해결할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. We studied the case of the job allocations at press lines. To balance loads allocated at lines and to reduce the total manpower, mixed 0-1 integer programming model is developed. we solved the model using LINDO which is famous L.P solver, and result is presented

益山地域의 舊石器 遺蹟 : 지표채집 유물을 중심으로

李炯佑,李永德 호남고고학회 2000 湖南考古學報 Vol.12 No.-

한반도 구석기시대에 관한 연구조사는 최근에 와서 활발히 진행되어지고 있다. 그러나 전북지방의 경우는 아직까지 미흡한 실정이다. 그러나 이번 익산지역의 지표조사를 계기로 구석기문화의존재가능성이 보다 현실적으로 우리에게 다가오고 있다 익산시에 위치한 창평유적, 신막유적, 율촌리유적, 영등동유적, 온수리유적에서 구석기시대의 석기들이 새롭게 조사되었다 석기들은 다양한 석재들(맥석영과 유문암)과 다양한 형식(찍개, 주먹도끼. 세석기 그 외 여러 박편들)들이 보여지고 있어 학술적 가치가 주목된다. 이러한 유물들의 이해는 여러 다른 입장에서 다루어질 수 있다 이들 석기는 형식학적인 입장에서 뿐 아니라. 석재의 유형, 석기가공의 기술적 측면, 후퇴적 환경의 진행적 입장 그리고 물리적 화학적 마모의 변이성 등 여러 측면에서 이해될 수 있다. 이러한 방법들을 통하여 이 지역 구석기인들의 행위를 복원할 수 있는 기회가 될 수 있다고 본다 본격적인 발굴이 아닌 지표채집이라는 한계성이 있는 것은 사실이나, 이번 조사를 통해 유적과 유물의 정밀조사의 필요성을 다시 생각하게 하여주는 귀중한 고고학적 가치를 엿볼 수 있다. The Research presented here is the results from a preliminary fieldwork around Iksan City. The number of Palaeolithic sites in Korea has been dramatically increased since the excavation started at Jun-Kuk-Ri, Kung-Ki Province in 1979. However, the full-scale excavated sites are not evenly distributed throughout Korea Peninsula. For example, Iksan, Jun-Ra-Buk Province located in the southern Peninsular, had not been systematically researched. However, the adjacent regions such as Jun-Ra-Buk Province and Chung-Chong Nam Province has been yield many Palaeolithic sites. In spite of many possibilities, any Palaeolithic sites have not been reported in Jun-Ra-Buk Province yet. Therefore current findings of the Palaeolithic industry in this region have a significant archaeological importance. The find-spots introduced in this paper are mainly Chang-Pyung-Ri, Young-Deong-dong, On-Su-Ri, Sin-Mak-Ri and Yul-Chon-Ri. All of them belong to the Jun-Ra-Buk Province. In terms of typological concerning, chopping tools, pyramidal core tools, a handaxe type core tool and various flake tools including micro-lithic artefacts have been collected. In Sin-Mak-Ri, a chopping tool and micro-cores were found in a same place. Therefore the chronological sequence based on the artefacts types may suggest that they could not be contemporary. Since the post depositional process is unknown, further full-scale excavation is highly necessary to prove that. Other sites such as Chang-Pyung-Ri and Yul-Chon-Ri do not give clear chronological evidence with these artefacts types. Therefore geological studies are also highly required. Although a clear chronological sequence cannot be suggested, the importance of these artefacts is not faded. There are many interesting features: the presence of handaxe type and pyramidal core tools which are rather rare cases in Korea, the evidence of patination process, different degree of physical abrasion patterns, various knapping technology, and different raw material usage. All the features can be contributed to understanding human behaviour in the region. Because of them, many feasible hypotheses can be raised and tested: more refined chronological order from not only the typology but also the physical and chemical abrasion patterns and lithic technology, economical human behaviour related to the distance to the raw material sources and comparative studies with the artefacts from other area on the basis of typological and morphological features.

輸送手段의 經路選定에 관한 硏究

李永德 울산대학교 1997 경영학연구논문집 Vol.4 No.1

산업사회에서의 물류문제는 점차 비중이 커지고 있다. 여러 가지 물류문제중 수송수단의 경로선정을 효과적으로 하여 수송시간이나 수송거리를 단축하여 비용을 줄이는 과제는 O.R 분야에서 VRP(vehicle routing problem)라 하여 연구되고 있다. VRP에는 기본문제를 비롯하여, 여러 가지 다른 특성을 고려한 확장된 문제들이 있다. VRP를 풀이하는 해법은 최적해를 구하는 최적화방법과 만족할만할 근사최적해를 구하는 발견적 방법이 있는데, VRP의 복잡성 등으로 인하여 발견적해법이 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 VRP의 기본문제를 비롯하여 여러 가지의 확장된 문제 유형을 정리하고, 또한 이 문제들을 풀이하는 해법들을 살펴보아, 실제산업현장의 여러 특성에 알맞게 적용할 수 있는 기반을 마련하고자 한다. We consider the vehicle routing problem(VRP) in which a vehicle delivers(or pick-up) goods stored at a central depot to satisfy customers' demands. Each vehicles has a fixed capacity. The decision in VRP involves determining which of the demands will be satisfied by each vehicle and what route each vehicle will follow in servicing customers' demands in order to minimize total delivery cost. A VRP model is introduced, and many variants of the VRP are studied in this paper. Optimization algorithms and heuristics have been studied for solving VRP, where a great deal of work has been done devising heuristics for the VRP.