Internal modifications to reduce pollutant emissions from marine engines. A numerical approach

Lamas, M.I.,Rodriguez, C.G.,Rodriguez, J.D.,Telmo, J. The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2013 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.5 No.4

Taking into account the increasingly stringent legislation on emissions from marine engines, this work aims to analyze several internal engine modifications to reduce $NO_x$ (nitrogen oxides) and other pollutants. To this end, a numerical model was employed to simulate the operation cycle and characterize the exhaust gas composition. After a preliminary validation process was carried out using experimental data from a four-stroke, medium-speed marine engine, the numerical model was employed to study the influence of several internal modifications, such as water addition from 0 to 100% water to fuel ratios, exhaust gas recirculation from 0 to 100% EGR rates, modification of the overlap timing from 60 to $120^{\circ}$, modification of the intake valve closing from 510 to $570^{\circ}$, and modification of the cooling water temperature from 70 to $90^{\circ}C$. $NO_x$ was reduced by nearly 100%. As expected, it was found that, by lowering the combustion temperature, there is a notable reduction in $NO_x$, but an increase in CO (carbon monoxide), HC (hydrocarbons) and consumption.

Internal modifications to reduce pollutant emissions from marine engines. A numerical approach

M.I. Lamas,C.G. Rodríguez,J.D. Rodríguez,J. Telmo 대한조선학회 2013 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.5 No.4

Taking into account the increasingly stringent legislation on emissions from marine engines, this work aims to analyze several internal engine modifications to reduce NOx (nitrogen oxides) and other pollutants. To this end,a numerical model was employed to simulate the operation cycle and characterize the exhaust gas composition. After a preliminary validation process was carried out using experimental data from a four-stroke, medium-speed marine engine,the numerical model was employed to study the influence of several internal modifications, such as water addition from 0 to 100% water to fuel ratios, exhaust gas recirculation from 0 to 100% EGR rates, modification of the overlap timing from 60 to 120°, modification of the intake valve closing from 510 to 570°, and modification of the cooling water temperature from 70 to 90 oC. NOx was reduced by nearly 100%. As expected, it was found that, by lowering the combustion temperature, there is a notable reduction in NOx, but an increase in CO (carbon monoxide), HC (hydrocarbons)and consumption.

Nelder-Mead Tuned PID Control for a Futuristic Geared-Turbofan Aeroengine Concept

Rodrigo M. L. S Lamas,John Y. Hung 제어로봇시스템학회 2023 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.10

Slide Session : OS-IFD-02 ; Infectious Disease : Carbapenem Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Urine Cultures: Prevalence and Risk Factors

( Judith Alvarez Otero ),( Lucia Gonzalez Gonzalez ),( Jose Luis Lamas Ferreiro ),( Alexandra Arca Blanco ),( Jose Ramon Bermudez Sanjurjo ),( Maria Rodriguez Conde ),( Javier De La Fuente Aguado ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) in urine cultures in our hospital. Moreover, we determined the mortality and risk factors associated to CRPA infection. Methods: Positive urine cultures to Pseudomonas aeruginosa between september 2012 and september 2013 were identified. We excluded repititive cultures from the same patient and episode. We created a database with demographic, clinical and laboratory items, including previous antibiotic therapy and antimicrobial resistance. Results: Forty-three cases with positive urine cultures to Pseudomonas aeruginosa were included. CRPA was observed in 12cases, with a prevalence of 27.9%. Sixty per cent were male with a median age of 73 years (range: 17-102). Sixty-seven per cent of patients were hospitalized when the culture was collected, but only 30% met criteria to nosocomial infection. Twenty-one percent of urine cultures corresponded to asymptomatic bacteriuria and 25% presented with sepsis. Mortality at 30 days was 20.7% in CRPA patients and 13.8% in the other group, without estatistical significance. Obesity (p =0.003), previous treatment with ciprofloxacin (p = 0.004) and quinolones in general (p = 0.001) and previous treatment with more than one antibiotic (p = 0.03) or with more than one family of antibiotics (p = 0.01) were risk factors to CRPA infection in the univariate analysis. Only obesity (p = 0.04) and previous treatment with ciprofloxacin (p = 0.02) showed statistically significant differences in the multivariate analysis, Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of CRPA in urine cultures in our population, wich is a potencial threat. We should assess the presence of risk factors for development of infections by such pathogen, as previous treatment with quinolones or obesity, in order to start appropiate empirical treatment in patients with severe urinary tract infections.

친환경 농법을 이용한 볼리비아 차코지역 옥수수 생산성 향상 연구

박근희 ( Geun Hee Park ),권순종 ( Soon Jong Kweon ),후안헤레즈라마스 ( Jerez Lamas Juan ) 한국국제협력단 ODA도서관 2023 국제개발협력 Vol.2023 No.1

Corn is an important food security crop in Bolivia. Consumption is approximately divided into 77% animal feed and 17% human consumption. However, Bolivian corn production is the lowest among its neighboring countries due to the use of uncertified varieties, lack of fertilizer use, limited agricultural technology, and climate change. Korea Partnership for Innovation of Agriculture Bolivia Center and Bolivian Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Innovation planted synthetic INIAF Guaraní and hybrid INIAF H1 using green manure and Biol (eco-friendly fertilizer) in the Chaco region. Three villages used green manure for crops. Later, INIAF Guaraní and INIAF H1 were sown using Biol. The production and generated income were calculated based on the market price of 1,300 Bs per ton. Traditional farming methods for INIAF Guaraní and INIAF H1 yield 2.4 tons/ha and 5 tons/ha, respectively. By contrast, using green manure and Biol yielded 5.2 tons/ha for INIAF Guaraní (1.8 tons/ha increase) and 6.5 tons/ha for INIAF H1 (1.5 tons/ha increase). Net income from traditional farming methods was 980 Bs, whereas using ecofriendly farming methods to cultivate INIAF Guaraní and INIAF H1 resulted in net incomes of 2,620 Bs and 3,910 Bs, respectively. The project highlights Bolivia’s need to disseminate techniques that use certified varieties and eco-friendly farming methods through demonstrations for farmers and village pilot programs.

A Bicentric Propensity Matched Analysis of 158 Patients Comparing Porcine Versus Bovine Stented Bioprosthetic Valves in Pulmonary Position

Bunty Ramchandani,Raúl Sánchez,Juvenal Rey,Luz Polo,Álvaro Gonzalez,Maria-Jesús Lamas,Tomasa Centella,Jesús Díez,Ángel Aroca 대한심장학회 2022 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.52 No.8

Background and Objectives: Pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) is the most common operation in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). There is controversy regarding the best bioprosthesis. We compare the performance of stented bioprosthetic valves (the Mosaic [Medtronic™] porcine pericardial against Carpentier Perimount Magna Ease [Edwards™] bovine) in pulmonary position in patients with CHD. Methods: Between January 1999 and December 2019, all the PVRs were identified from hospital databases in 2 congenital heart centres in Spain. Valve performance was evaluated using clinical and echocardiographic criteria. Propensity score matching was used to balance the 2 treatment groups. Results: Three hundred nineteen patients were retrospectively identified. After statistical adjustment, 79 propensity-matched pairs were available for comparison Freedom from reintervention for the porcine cohort was 98.3%, 96.1%, and 91.9% at 3, 5, and 10 years and 100%, 98%, and 90.8% for the bovine cohort (p=0.88). Freedom from structural valve degeneration (SVD) for the porcine cohort was 96.9%, 92.8% and 88.7% at 3, 5, and 10 years and 100%, 98%, and 79.1% for the bovine cohort (p=0.38). Bovine prosthesis was associated with a reintervention hazard ratio (HR), 1.12; 95% confidence intervals (CIs), 0.24–5.26; p=0.89 and SVD HR, 1.69 (0.52–5.58); p=0.38. In the first 5 years, there was no difference in outcomes. After 5 years, the recipients of the bovine bioprosthesis were at higher risk for SVD (reintervention HR, 2.08 [0.27–16.0]; p=0.49; SVD HR, 6.99 [1.23–39.8]; p=0.03). Conclusions: Both bioprosthesis have similar outcomes up to 5 years, afterwards, porcine bioprosthesis seem to have less SVD.

Analyses of karyotype by G-banding and high-resolution microarrays in a gender dysphoria population

Rosa Fernández,Antonio Guillamón,Esther Gómez‑Gil,Isabel Esteva,Mari Cruz Almaraz,Joselyn Cortés‑Cortés,Beatriz Lamas,Estefanía Lema,Eduardo Pásaro 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.5

Gender Dysphoria is characterized by a marked incongruence between the cerebral sex and biological sex. To investigate the possible influence of karyotype on the etiology of Gender Dysphoria we carried out the cytogenetic analysis of karyotypes in 444 male-to-females (MtFs) and 273 female-to-males (FtMs) that attended the Gender Identity Units of Barcelona and Málaga (Spain) between 2000 and 2016. The karyotypes from 23 subjects (18 MtFs and 5 FtMs) were also analysed by Affymetrix CytoScan™ high-density (HD) arrays. Our data showed a higher incidence of cytogenetic alterations in Gender Dysphoria (2.65%) than in the general population (0.53%) (p < 0.0001). When G-banding was performed, 11 MtFs (2.48%) and 8 FtMs (2.93%) showed a cytogenetic alteration. Specifically, Klinefelter syndrome frequency was significantly higher (1.13%) (p < 0.0001), however Turner syndrome was not represented in our sample (p < 0.61). At molecular level, HD microarray analysis revealed a 17q21.31 microduplication which encompasses the gene KANSL1 (MIM612452) in 5 out of 18 MtFs and 2 out of 5 FtMs that corresponds to a copy-number variation region in chromosome 17q21.31. In conclusion, we confirm a significantly high frequency of aneuploidy, specifically Klinefelter syndrome and we identified in 7 out of 23 GD individuals the same microduplication of 572 Kb which encompasses the KANSL1 gene.

Brazilian Berry Extract Differentially Induces Inflammatory and Immune Responses in Androgen Dependent and Independent Prostate Cancer Cells

Larissa Akemi Kido,Isabela Maria Urra Rossetto,Andressa Mara Baseggio,Gabriela Bortolanza Chiarotto,Letícia Ferreira Alves,Felipe Rabelo Santos,Celina de Almeida Lamas,Mário Roberto Maróstica Jr,Valér 대한암예방학회 2022 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.27 No.3

Jaboticaba is a Brazilian berry, which is rich in fibers and bioactive compounds and shows high antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common type of cancer among men and its progression is influenced by androgens and inflammation. Previous studies reported the ability of the jaboticaba to modulate pathways involved in prostate diseases. The main objective of this study was to provide significant data about molecular targets of the jaboticaba peel extract (JPE) and its mechanisms of action in PCa cell lines with different androgenic status (LNCaP and PC-3). The results showed that JPE was able to decrease cell viability in both cell lines. LNCaP showed more sensitivity to JPE exposure, indicating the efficacy of the JPE treatment in terms of androgen responsiveness. JPE showed a distinct hormone dependent effect on the NF-κB signaling, with reduced NF-κB levels for LNCaP and increased NF-κB levels in PC-3 cells. Mechanisms related to cell death by apoptosis were stimulated after the JPE treatment, modulating B-cell lymphoma 2 and BAX for LNCaP and PC-3. Particularly for PC-3, the JPE treatment resulted in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction activation mostly by up regulating pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive genes. Also, a set of genes related to angiogenesis and metastasis were down-regulated by JPE. In conclusion, JPE exerted an antitumor effect on PCa for both cell lines which can be enhanced if androgenic reliance is considered.

Antagonistic Activity of Bacteria Isolated from Apple in Different Fruit Development Stages against Blue Mold Caused by Penicillium expansum

Rocí,o Crystabel Ló,pez-Gonzá,lez,Yara Suhan Juá,rez-Campusano,José,Luis Rodrí,guez-Chá,vez,Guillermo Delgado-Lamas,Sofí,a Marí,a Arvizu Medrano,Ramó,n Á,lv 한국식물병리학회 2021 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.37 No.1

Blue mold caused by Penicillium expansum is one of the most significant postharvest diseases of apples. Some microorganisms associated with the surface of ripen- ing apples possess the ability to inhibit the growth of P. expansum. However, the existing literature about their colonization in the stages before ripening is not explored in depth. This study aims to characterize the antagonistic capacity of bacterial populations from five fruit development stages of ‘Royal Gala’ apples. The re- sults have shown that the density of the bacterial popu- lations decreases throughout the ripening stages of fruit (from 1.0 × 105 to 1.1 × 101 cfu/cm2). A total of 25 bacte- rial morphotypes (corresponding to five genera identi- fied by 16S RNA) were differentiated in which Bacillus stood out as a predominant genus. In the in vitro an- tagonism tests, 10 Bacillus strains (40%) inhibited the mycelial growth of P. expansum from 30.1% to 60.1%, while in fruit bioassays, the same strains reduced the fruit rot ranging from 12% to 66%. Moreover, the bacterial strains with antagonistic activity increased in the ripening fruit stage. B. subtilis subsp. spiziennii M24 obtained the highest antagonistic activity (66.9% of rot reduction). The matrix-assisted laser desorption ioniza- tion-time of flight mass spectrometry analysis revealed that bacteria with antagonistic activity produce anti- fungal lipopeptides from iturin and fengycin families.

Caudal Neuromodulation with the Transforaminal Sacral Electrode (InterStim^Ⓡ): Experience in a Pain Center Regarding 12 Implants

Guardo, Laura Alonso,Gala, Carlos Cano,Poveda, David Sanchez,Juan, Pablo Rueda,Sanchez Montero, Francisco Jose,Garzon Sanchez, Jose Carlos,Lamas, Juan Ignacio Santos,Sanchez Hernandez, Miguel Vicente The Korean Pain Society 2016 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.29 No.1

Background: Sacral nerve stimulation is a therapeutic option with demonstrated efficacy for conditions presenting with perineal pain caused by different etiologies. We aimed to assess whether a sacral electrode ($Interstim^{(R)}$, Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) inserted through the caudal pathway is able to offer an acceptable level of sacral stimulation and rate of catheter migration. Methods: We present 12 patients with pelvic pain who received sacral neuromodulation via the sacral hiatus with the InterStim electrode. We evaluated patient satisfaction as well as migration and removal of the electrode, if necessary. Results: Our experience included 12 patients, 10 women and two men, with a mean age of 60 years. In eight of the 12 patients, the initial therapy was effective, and the final system implantation was performed. During subsequent follow-up, patient satisfaction was good. To date, there have been no cases of electrode displacement or migration. Conclusions: The caudal insertion of the InterStim electrode, with its own fixation system, and initially designed for transsacral insertion, appears in our experience to be a satisfactory option which can minimize electrode displacements, achieving similar results in therapeutic efficacy and causing no difficulties in removal.