교사가 지각하는 유치원 원장의 변혁적 지도성에 따른 교사의 자기장학 수행정도

이혜경 이화여자대학교 교육대학원 2007 이화교육논총 Vol.17 No.-

The purposes of the study were to examine whether the kindergarten teachers' perceptions of transformational leaderships of their directors differed by directors' education level, major, and possession of certificate, and whether teachers' practices of self-supervision differed by their length of experiences in the field, education level, income level, and the ranks in their positions. Also, the study investigated how the kindergarten teachers' perceptions of transformational leaderships of their directors and teachers' practices of self-supervision are related to each other. Four-hundred ten kindergarten teachers in Seoul and its suburban areas (Kyung-gi) answered the surveys and three-hundred fifty two out of them were selected to be analyzed. The method to measure kindergarten directors' transformational leadership was the Leadership Practice Survey (LPS) modified by Lee (2004), which was originally developed by Hsue (1997). The LPS consisted of five-point scaled twenty questions characterized into four subscales. To measure teachers' practices of self-supervision was the Self-Supervision Practice Survey (SSPS) developed by Lee (1997) was modified for the study and used. The SSPS consisted of five-point scaled sixteen questions characterized into four subscales. Frequency analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan for post-hoc were used to analyze the data. The study found that the perceptions of teachers about directors' transformational leaderships were significantly different by directors' educational level and major, In other words, directors with higher education level were more likely to be positively perceived by teachers. Also, directors who majored in early childhood education were the most positively perceived by the teachers regarding their transformational leadership. The study also found that teachers' length of experiences in the filed, education level, income level, and the ranks in their positions were significantly related to their perception of practices of self-supervision, In other words, longer experiences, higher education level, higher income level, and higher rank in position were related to more positive perception of their practice of self-supervision. In addition, the results of the study showed that generally, the degree of teachers' perceptions of directors' transformational leaderships and the degree of their practices of self-supervision are positively related, In other words, teachers with high perception of directors' transformational leadership are more likely to positively perceive their practices of self-supervision.

흰쥐의 간에서 Paclitaxel(Taxol)이 방사선에 미치는 효과

이경자,구혜수 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1997 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.20 No.1

연구목적: Paclitaxel은 소관종합체의 형성을 안정화시키는 미소관 dr제제로서 이 작용이 주로 세포주기의 G2-M시기에 일어나기 때문에 방선 감작제의 가능성이 있는 항암제이다. 흰쥐의 간에서 paclitaxel과 방선조사를 병용하여 paclitaxel이 방사선의 효과에 미치는 여향을 파악하기 위한 실험연구이다. 방 법: 흰쥐 52마리를 대상으로 정상대조군, paclitaxel군, 방사선조사군과 paclitaxel과 방사선병용군으로 분류하였다. Paclitaxel군은 paclitaxel(10mg/kg)을 복강내에 1회 주입하였으며, 방사선조사군은 전복부에 8Gy x-ray를 단일 조사하였으며, 병용군은 paclitaxel(10mg/kg)을 주입 후 24시간에 방사선조사(8Gy)를 시행하였다. 실험완료 후 6시간, 24시간, 3일 및 5일에 간의 병리 조직학적 변화를 관찰하였다. 결 과: Paclitaxel군은 유사분열수가 6시간에 증가되어 24시간에 정상으로 회복되었다. 방사선조사군은 조사 후 6시간과 24시간에 apoptosis가 발현하였으며 3일 후 정상으로 회복되었다. 간세포의 괴사는 paclitaxel군, 방사선조사군 및 병용군에서 모두 나타났으며 괴사의 정도는 3군에서 차이가 없었다. 결 론: Paclitaxel주입 후 6시간에 유사분열중지가 유발되었으며 24시간에 정상으로 회복되었고 aoptosis는 발현되지 않았다. 방선조사 후 6시간과 24시간에 apoptosis가 유발되었으며 3일에 정상으로 회복되었다. 간세포의 괴사는 paclitaxel군, 방사선조사군 및 병용군에서 모두 나타났으며 3군에서 정도의 차이ㅏ 없었다. 따라서 paclitaxel을 방사선조사 24시간 전에 주입하여 간세포에서 방사선감작제의 효과는 없었다. Objectives : Paclitaxel(Taxol) si a chemotherapeutic agent with potent microtubule stabilizing activities that arrests cell cycle in G2-M. Since D2-m is the most radiosensitive phase of the cell cycle, paclitaxel has potential as a cell cycle-specific radiosensitizer. This study was designed to investigate the effects of paclitaxel to radiotoxicity in normal rat liver. Materials & Methods : A single intraperitoneal infusion of paclitaxel(10mg/kg), and a single irradiation(8Gy, x-ray) to the whole abdomen, and combination of irradiation(8Gy,x-ray)24 hours after paclitaxel infusion were done in Sprague-Dawley rats. The incidence of mitosis, apoptosis and parenchymal changes of the liver were evaluated at 6 hours, 24 hours, 3 and 5 days, respectively. Results : Paclitaxel and irradiation significantly increased mitosis at 6 hours and apoptosis was increased by irradiation at 6 and 24 hours. Increased numbers of apoptosis at 3 days by paclitaxel alone was not significantly different from control. Combination of paclitaxel and irradiation showed significantly increased numbers of mitosis and apoptosis at 6 hours. The degree of necrosis of hepatocyte was not significantly different between 3 groups. Conclusion : Since the incidence of mitosis, apoptosis and hepatocyte necrosis were not increased by paclitaxel infusion 24 hours before irradiation, paclitaxel did not show radiosensitizing effect in this experimental condition. Studies with conditions similar to clinical situation will be the next stop to define the radiosensitizing effects of paclitaxel.

Homoarginine Method를 이용한 열처리 단백질의 회장내 소화율 측정에 관한 연구

이경혜 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 1997 생활과학연구 Vol.- No.1

To determine the quality of heated protein, in vitro method, including lysine, lysinoalanine(LAL), and fructoselysine(FL), as well as homoarginine(HA) by guanidination of lysine, was assessed using heated casein with or without glucose. The amount of FL in the guanidinated heated casein+glucose mixture was highly reduced under the alkaline condition(pH 10.5) for guanidination, while the amount of LAL in the heat damaged guanidinated casein was slightly raised. HA in the guanidinated proteins was highly digested. The reduced digestibility of HA in the guanidinated heated casein+glucose mixture (Table 4 ) was possibly caused by an interference to uptake by FL. It was suggested that the large amount of FL interfered with the uptake of HA in the small intestine and considerable parts fo the HA were transported together with FL into the large intestine. While FL was almost completely decomposed by bacteria in the large intestine HA was excreted as more intact form. From these condition, It is suggested that HA-method may mislead to over-or underestimation of the damaged protein quality.

간호학생이 내린 간호진단의 분류에 관한 일 연구

이원희,김조자,유지수,허혜경,진혜영,최혜경 연세대학교 간호학연구소 1987 간호학 논집 Vol.10 No.1

Nursing diagnosis can improve nurses` efficiency, accuracy, provide an efficient standard for communication among nurses, improve the quality of nursing care, purpose and direction of nursing, and provide a unique dimension to nursing care. But in Korea we are using a nursing diagnosis system, which was developed in the American culture without evaluating vocabulary use or clinical application in the Korean culature. Actually many problems have appeared. Therefore. this research is to review and compare the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association‘s (NANDA) 5th conference on the etiology of nursing diagnosis and nursing diagnosis used in students` clinical practice in relation to how it fits into our culture and educational background. In order for nursing to be more scientfic. we must try to provide more basic data and develop nursing diagnosis. The subject of this research was 127 third year students in Y university for 1 year (1985). After tyey completed adult nursing clinical practice I and II tyey submitted case studies. In these case reports only nusing diagnosis was considered. There were a total of 1,019 nursing diagnoses used by the nursing students. In the data analysis we took the 813 nursing students' nursing diagnoses and fit them into 51 NANDA nursing diagnoses. Five professors from the College of Nursing met together and agreed on the selected the 813 after discussion The selected the 813 nursing diagnoses in the categories of: safety and secruity. nutrition and elimination, activity and rest, oxygen, sex, and' other'. These students' nursing diagnoses were compared with NANDA's etiology of nursing diagnosis by frequency. The research research were as follow ; 1. Among the 813 nursing diagnoses, the nursing diagnosis of 'Comfort, alteration in' was used 155 times (19.1%). This was the nursing diagnosis most frequently used by the students in the case reported. And 23 out of the 51 diagnoses (45%) was found 1 or 2 times and did't use nursing diagnosis in the case studies. 2. Among safety and security needs. many students used the etiology of 'Comfore alteration in : pain', pain and diverse etiology vocabulary. In 'Anxity'. the etiology of threat to or change in health status and knowledge deficit were listed. Among them, knowledge deficit was used 30 times as the etiology of nursing diagnosis. In the category of nutrition and elimination needs most students usually used nursing diagnosis accurately. In the category of activity and rest needs, the nursing diagnoses of activity intolerance, mobility, impaired physical' were confused the etiology of nursing diagnosis by the students. The students did't use many nursing diagnoses in the category of oxygen needs, and did't use the nursing diagnosis of sexual dysfunction. In the category of 'other' nursing diagnoses, "Knowledge deficit' was used many, and the etiology of 51 nursing diagnoses was generally used knowledge deficit. Until now in the nursing diagnosis used by the students, the vocabulary of the etiology of nursing diagosis is diverse. Although all students experience the 5 categor of human need in clinical practice, some of nursing diagnosis was used many but the other wasn't used. One reason is that only the definition of nursing diagnosis was taught in the classroom. No course content related to nursing diagnosis was covered. The nursing diagnosis concept was not taught in depth. second. the NANDA vocabulary is board and the English in interpretation is influenced by cultural factors. Third, among the students' clinical instructors there was difference knowledge and experience in nursing diagnosis. Therefore we believe the situation needs to be evaluated and revise to develop a unified vocabulary. And so that the etiology of nursing diagnosis would be fited into the cultural and educational background in Korea.

냉시동시 촉매변환기 위치에 따른 배기 배출가스 특성에 관한 실험적 연구

이해철,차경옥 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

In order to meet the stringent emission regulations and to protect our environment, many researches have been carried out to reduce exhaust emissions from automobiles. Among these, the close-coupled catalytic converter (CCC) shortens the activation time during the warm-up period by placing it as close as possible by the exhaust manifold. This study is an experimental study on the characteristics of emission by changing catalytic converter position for cold-start. The measurements are done a changing of the distance between exhaust manifold and catalytic converter. It measured temperature of exhaust manifold, before and after catalytic converter at each position of experimental condition. and measured the characteristics of emission which is HC. CO. CO₂and lambda at each position of experimental condition.

식품접객업소의 식품위생관리 실태에 관한 연구 : 경상남도 창원시를 중심으로

이경연,송양순,이경혜 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 2000 생활과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

This study was investigated to develop the program of sanitary education which improves sanitary levels of restaurants, nutritional service, and safety of consumers. The subjects of 264 restaurants, which were composed of 4 types of businesses (restaurant of korean-style food, japanese style raw fish, roasted ribs and western style food) were classified into 2 types(large scale, small scale). The food hygiene of these restaurants were investigated by direct interview. Many parts of food hygiene should be improved in storage of frying oil, refreezing and thawing of foods, and hygiene of water. It has been found that there were many sanitary problems of restaurants in Changwon City. The result of this study may show overall sanitation aspect of the korean restaurants, however, there were not any references of other cities which we can compare with. Recently, big accidents of food poisoning were frequently happened in several places including Changwon. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the countermeasure to care for sanitation management of restaurant and food hygiene as soon as possible. Because the sanitary condition of restaurants deeply affects health of citizen, moreover, the program of sanitary education and training for the workers in restaurant should be developed by experts as soon as possible.

식품접객업소의 작업장 시설ㆍ설비의 위생실태에 관한 연구 : 경상남도 창원시를 중심으로

이경연,송양순,이경혜 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 2000 생활과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

This study was investigated to develop the program of sanitary education which improves sanitary levels of restaurants, nutritional service, and safety of consumers. The subjects of 264 restaurants, which were composed of 4 types of businesses (restaurant of korean-style food, japanese style raw fish, roasted ribs and western style food) were classified into 2 types(large scale, small scale). The sanitary condition of facilities and equipments in these restaurants were investigated by direct interview. Sanitations management of facilities and equipments, such as workplaces, knifes, chopping boards, dish towels, bowls, refrigerators showed problems. Although government office makes a lots of efforts to improve the sanitary condition, it has been found that there were many sanitary problems of restaurants in Chang-Won City. The result of this study may show overall sanitation aspect of the korean restaurants, however, there were not any references of other cities which we can compare with. Recently, big accidents of food poisoning were frequently happened in several places including Chang-Won. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the countermeasure to care for sanitation management of restaurant and food hygiene as soon as possible.

생쥐 뇌조직 체외배양법을 활용한 향산화제의 향독성효과에 관한 연구

이수현,박정은,김희옥,서혜원,조경혜 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2000 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.12 No.-

In an effort to establish an in vitro model of Parkinson's disease (PD), we prepared slice cultures of midbrain from newborn mouse. The slice section containing substantia nigral region was cultured for 10days. The striatal culture was grown to preserve the distribution of interneurons with minimal contamination of any other brain tissue. Using this explant culture containing both glial cells and nitro-striatal dopamine neurons, the protective effect of antioxidant pineal hormone and melatonin on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) -induced loss of the dopamine neurons was investigated. MPTP selectively damaged dopaminergic neurons, as indicated by immunoblot and immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and tyrosine hydroxylase, the marker enzymes for glial and dopaminergic neurons, respectively. Twenty-four-hour treatment of MPTP (50 μM) in the explant culture induced 37% loss of dopaminergic neurons while no apparent damage was observed in glial region. Type B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B) that resides in glial cells, produces free radicals during catecholamine metabolism and also oxidizes MPTP to its active form, MPP+, was activated by 2.2 times after MPTP treatment. Melatonin was able to recover both the dopaminergic neuronal loss and the elevated MAO-B activity level fully to the untreated control level. Similar observation was made bur the co-treatment of vitamin E with MPTP, suggesting the generation of oxygen radical species by MPTP. On behalf of pursuing molecular mechanisms of Parkinsonism, the data illustrate the proposed mechanism of MPTP-induced dopaminergic cell death ; namely, MPP+ that is processed by MAO-B in glial cells is taken up avidly by dopaminergic neurons and causes a toxic effect at least partly, if not mostly, through oxidative stress. The culture system, therefore, can serve as an experimental model of PD in which the putative neuroprotective effects of antioxidants can be investigated. This model is also useful for screening novel drugs and growth factors without a massive sacrifice of animals, and ultimately for developing neuroprotective therapies.

여성 관상동맥질환자의 동기요인이 건강행위에 미치는 영향 요인

이혜영,정경옥,김금자 김천과학대학 2007 김천과학대학 논문집 Vol.33 No.-

Background: Misconceptions exist that coronary artery disease(CAD) is a male dominant disease, although the leading cause of death due to heart disease in women increased 7.1% from 2001 to 2004 in Korea. Lack of motivational factors to health behavior change places women at risk for subsequent CAD events. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate motivational factors to health behaviors for women with coronary artery disease. Methods: Structured questionnaires survey was carried out on a convenience sample of 81 adult women in a cammunity setting. The subjects were recruited for an interview at outpatient clinic in hospitals. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regressions. Results; There were significant correlations between motivational factors and health behaviors(r=.664). Stepwise multiple regression revealed that 57% of variance in health behaviors was explained by self-efficacy and perceived benefits among four motivation variables(F=54.438 p<.01). However, there were no significant predicting factors of perceived barriers and emotional salience among motivational factors to health behaviors. Self-efficacy contributed the greatest amount of variance in health behaviors(β=.585), followed by perceived benefits(β=.226). Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that self-efficacy was very important in predicting health behaviors for women with coronary artery disease. Thus it would be necessary to include motivational factors in designing rehabilitation program to practice and adherence health behaviors for women with coronary artery disease.

지역별 보건소 이용의 만족도에 관한 연구 : 경북지역을 중심으로

이혜영,정경옥,김금자 김천과학대학 2007 김천과학대학 논문집 Vol.33 No.-

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the satisfaction and utilization and awareness of health center and satisfaction's affecting factors. Methods: The subjects consisted of 292 adult at three health centers on middle size cities in Gyeong San Buk-Do. Data was collected from August 2006 to June 2007 using structured questionnaires. One-way ANOVA were used to test satisfaction of health centers, utilization and awareness of health center and Kruskal-Wallis and Scheffe's test were used to test recommendation of health center and Post Hoc multiple comparison by using SPSS 14.0 for windows. Results: The satisfaction of health centers for community dwellers was related to age, educational level and family income and the difference of satisfaction of health centers were in comfortable surroundings, satisfaction of facilities, generosity of staff members and full explanation. The utilization and awareness of health center were differ from community areas. Conclusions: Further studies need to be done to investigate additional effects of satisfaction of health centers for community dwellers and to investigate nursing approaches for community dwellers to improve their satisfaction of health centers.