한국 정신장애의 역학 조사 연구[I] : 각 정신장애의 유병률

조맹제,함봉진,김장규,박강규,정은기,서동우,김선욱,조성진,이준영,홍진표,최용성,박종익,이동우,이기철,배재남,신정호,정인원,박종한,배안,이충경 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives : This study aims to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI). Methods : Subjects were selected by taking multi-stage, cluster samples of 7,867 adult household residents, 18 to 64 years of age, in ten catchment areas. Total 78 trained interviewers administered the K-CIDI to the selected respondents, from June 1 to November30,2001. Results : Total 6,275 respondents completed the interview. Some 33.5% of respondents reported at least one lifetime disorder, 20.6% reported at least one-year disorder, and 16.7% reported at least one-month disorder. The most common lifetime disorders were alcohol abuse/dependence (17.24%), nicotine dependence/withdrawal (11.19%), specific phobia (5.16%), and major de-pressive disorder (4.25%). The lifetime prevalence of substance abuse/dependence (0.25%) and schizophrenia (0.16%) was very low. Nicotine and alcohol use disorder showed very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among female than male. Conclusion : The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in distributions of psychiatric disorders across the areas and times were observed.

블럭펄스 변환에 의한 비선형계의 준최적제어에 관한 연구

안두수,이명규,김종부,고영기 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1990 論文集 Vol.41 No.1

This paper presents a method of suboptimal control for nonlinear systems via block pulse transformation. The adaptive optimal control scheme proposed by J.P. Matuszewski is introduced to minimize the performance index. Nonlinear systems are controlled using the obtained optimal control via block pulse transformation. The proposed method is simple and computationally advantageous. Viablity of the this method is established with simulation results for the van der Pole equation for comparision with other methods.

Nucleus accumbens septi내의 ³H-Spiperone분포에 대한 전자현미경적 연구

안의태,김종규 순천향대학교 1987 논문집 Vol.10 No.2

뇌 중격측좌핵내의 dopamine 수용체의 미세구조를 밝히려고 실험하였다. 흰쥐를 뇌정위고정대에 고정하고 측뇌실(좌표 앞+6.0㎜, 옆+1.2㎜, 높이-3㎜, 측각 15° ; De Groot 도보)에 50μCi의 방사능을 지닌 1㎍의 ³H-spiperone을 서서히 주입한 후 2시간이 지나서 뇌를 고정하고 전자현미경적 자기방사술을 시행하였다. 감광제는 Ilford L₄를 사용했고 microdol-X로 현상 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 대부분의 표지는 세표체, 수상돌기, 극돌기에 나타났는데 이들은 한 세포종류에 속하며 dopamine신경종말에 대한 연접 후 구조라고 생각된다. 2. 드물게는 신경종말에 표지되는데 이는 dopamine 종말로 생각된다. 3. 세포소기관 별로는 내형질세망에 표지가 많았다. Various morphological studies on he nucleus accumbens septi have shown the peculiar position between the limbic and striatal components. In this study, dopamine receptors in the nucleus accumbens septi was autoradiographically studied with ³H-spiperone. Rats were fixed on the stereotaxic apparatus(David Kopf Inc.), and 0.2ml/1㎍/50μCi of ³H-spiperone was perfused into the lateral ventricle of each rat. Perfusion velocity was controlled very slowly during 80minutes. Two hours following the perfusion, rats were transcardially perfused with 500ml of 1% glutaraldehyde-1% paraformaldehyde. After the fixation time of 2 hours, brains are removed and refixed within the same perfusion fixativesovernight. In the nextday, nucleus accumbens septi was punched out, immersed in the 2% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated and embeded in the araldite mixture. Ultrathin section were stained with uranyl acetate-lead citrated on the collodionated slide glass, coated with carbon particles, dipped in the diluted Ilford L4 photographic emulsion. Following the exposure time of 2 to 4 months, samples were developed with microdol-X. Retrieved sections were put on the grids and observed with JEM100 CX electron microscope. Results observed were as follows : 1. Lables were found mostly on the soma, dendrite or dendritic spines. They might be postsynaptic structures to the dopaminergic terminals. 2. Within the neuronal structures, labels are located over endoplasmic reticula, microtubules, membranes, mitochondria, etc. 3. Some lables were found over the axon terminals. These terminals were interpreted as dopaminergic ones. 4. Possibility of correlation of lables over endoplasmic reticula with the formation or movement of receptor site was discussed.

Nucleus accumbens septi내의 ³H-spiperone분포에 대한 전자현미경적 연구

안의태,김종규 順天鄕大學 1987 순천향대학논문집 Vol.10 No.2

콜레라독소의 피하투여에 의한 생쥐의 림프절 및 비장내 B 및 T 림프구의 분포변화

이원규,박낙진,김종원,허영범,김정혜,안희경 대한해부학회 1995 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.28 No.2

電算機에 의한 地下水 解析에 관한 유한요소법의 응용

李正圭,金東龍,安守漢 全北大學校 1979 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

This paper is on the analysis of the two-dimensional ground water flow under the steady state in the leaky unconfined aquifer. The general differential equation of continuity with terms of infiltration and leakage was modified in order to solve the problem and the model by which heads on the nodal points can be obtained was developed, using the finite element method, based on the variational principles. In this paper the thickness of the aquifer in each element domain was taken to be a variable, while the leakage through the semi-aquifer was computed, assuming the head to be a constant, and the solutions were got. The results were compared with the case which the thickness of the aquifer in the element assumed to be a constant. It has been found from the analysis that the method obtained in this paper converges solution far faster than those developed already and the degree of accuracy of the solution is fairly higher.

2,2' -디히드록시설포 아조메친 유도체에 의한 알미늄 및 갈륨의 형광 정량

이종원,이지연,허문회,안문규 慶星大學校 1998 論文集 Vol.19 No.2

Four azomethine dyes were synthesized in order to get excellent fluorescent reagent having hydroxyl and sulfo substituents. They are 2-hydroxy-3-sulfo-5chloroaniline-N-salicylidene(Ⅰ), 2-hydroxy-3-sulfo-5chloroaniline-N-2, 4-dihydroxybenzylidene (Ⅱ), 2-hydroxy-5-sulfoaniline-N-salicylidene(Ⅲ) and 2-hydroxy-5-sulfoaniline-N-2, 4-dihydroxybenzylidene(Ⅳ). These compounds react with aluminum and gallium in an aqueous dimethyl-formamide solution to form fluorescent 1:1 (metal-azomethine) complexes. Several conditions, such as the pH of the solution, the reagent concentration, the time of standing and fluoresence characteristics cincellar media were investigated. the maxium fluorescence intensity of the aluminum complex was found at pH 6 (heated for 10 min, at 50℃), and the gallium complex was at pH 4. The fluorescence was stable at least for 2 hours by using 2-hydroxy-5sulfoanilin-2-, 4-dihydroxybenzylidene in Triton X-100 media, 0.1∼4 ㎍ of aluminum and 0.5∼30 ㎍ of gallium in 25 mL solution could be determined. Ni(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ), Fe(Ⅱ), Mg(Ⅱ), and Zn(Ⅱ) ions interfered with the determination. On the other hand, the effect of surfactants on the fluorescence characteristics in Triton X series media show a remarkable enhancement of fluorescence intensity as compared with that of azomethine complexes in aqueous media.

一部 樂器의 演奏音에 의한 暴露歷이 聽力에 미치는 影響

박종안,장봉기,이종화,안규동,이영세 순천향대학교 산업의학연구소 1997 순천향산업의학 Vol.3 No.1

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of playing musical instruments on hearing threshold level from May to October, in 1997. Pure tone audiometric tests was provided to musical instruments playing group of total 117 subjects(Samullnori; 35, military band; 25, symphony orchestra; 46, piano; 11), and reference group of total 7,477 subjects, selected after excluding workers with history of ear disease, of ototoxic drug administration, of noise induced hearing loss at workplace in Pohang industrial area. In addition, noise exposure levels of musical instrument players were assessed by noise dosimetry(exchange rate; 5dB, threshold level; 80dB, criterion level; 90dB), and produced age-adjusted hearing threshold level(=hearing threshold level of musical instrument player - hearing threshold level in same age of normal population group). The age-adjusted hearing threshold levels were analyzed by musician's career. The results were as follows; 1. The hearing threshold level of reference group was revealed more increased as within 4.98dB to 6.89dB at 1 KHz and within 5.26dB to 14.46dB at 4 KHz by ages than "the Standard of Age-adjusted Hearing Loss by Frequency(OSHA)" used for special health examination in the Ministry of Labour. 2. Equivalent continuous sound exposure level (Leq) by the group of instrumentalist was as following; within 104.95 to 112.62dB in samullnori, the highest, within 100.18 to 103.49dB in military band, within 77.00 to 82.74dB in symphony orchestra and 81.54dB in piano, the lowest. Playing maximum sound level by each musical instrument was as following; 122.8dB in Kkwaenggwari, the highest, 122.7dB in Changgo, 121.8dB in Alto saxophone, 115.5dB in Trumpet, 119.2dB in Horn, 112.8dB in Pungmul Buk and Ching, 112.5dB in Clarinet. 3. Average age-adjusted hearing threshold levels of instrumentalists were -0.65±6.38dB in left ear, -0.92±6.59dB in right ear at 1 KHz, and -1.14±12.88dB in left ear, -1.53±12.77dB at 4 KHz, which were better than normal, but the average age-adjusted hearing threshold levels of Samullnori players were 1.23±5.22dB in left ear, 1.94±6.91dB in right ear at 1KHz, and 8.40±15.75dB in left ear. 7.13±14.97dB in right ear at 4KHz, which were worse than normal. 4. Hearing threshold level in Samullnori players was increased with their career at 4 KHz, especially it increased rapidly when the musicians had played over 10years. It showed that there was a significant relationship between hearing threshold level and the career (P<0.01).

코크스 제조 및 사용 공정에서의 코크스오븐 배출물질 연구

이종천,안규동,조광성,이병국 한국산업위생학회 2001 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.11 No.2

This study was performed to evaluate the coke oven emissions (COE) and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon levels in coke manu- facturing industry, secondary lead smelting industry and glass bottle manufacturing industry. 1. There were no significant difference between the means of personal samples and area samples by the types of industry(p>0.05). The levels of airborne total particulates of the secondary lead smelting industry was the highest(2.30㎎/㎥), and those of the coke manu- facturing industry and glass bottle manufacturing industry were 1.95 ㎎/㎥ and 1.37 ㎎/㎥. The concentration of COE was the highest in the glass bottle manufacturing industry(0.79 ㎎/㎥), and in order of 0.19㎎/㎥ in the coke manufacturing industry and 0.05 ㎎/㎥ in the secondary lead smelting industry. COE/total particulates(%) was highest in the glass bottle manufacturing industry(58.1%) and in order of 10.3% in the coke manufacturing industry and 3.1% in secondary lead smelting industry. There were significant differences in the total particle concentration and Coe by the types of industry(p<0.05) 2. The levels of airborne total particulates was the highest at the smelting process of secondary lead smelting industry(2.30±0.72 ㎎/㎥), and the lowest at the smelting process of glass bottle manufacturing industry (0.99±1.22㎎/㎥) Concentration of COE was the highest at the casting process of glass bottle manufacturing industry (1.09±1.15㎎/㎥), the lowest at the smelting process of secondary lead smelting industry(0.06±0,03 ㎎/㎥). The COE/total particulates(%) was the highest at the casting process of glass bottle manufacturing industry(65.9±20.5%), and the lowest at the smelting process of secondary lead smelting industry(3.1±2.7%). 3. There were positive correlations between level of The airborne total particulates and concentration of COE in COKE manufacturing industry and glass bottle manufacturing industry(p<0.05), but negative correlation in secondary lead smelting industry. 4. The numbers of case and rates that over the Threshold Limit Values(TLVs) were 24 (77.4%)cases in glass bottle manufacture, 14(23.7%) cases in the coke manufacturing industry and no one case in secondary lead smelting industry. Total numbers of case and rates that over TLVs were 38(35.5%) cases. 5. The limit of detection(LOD) for PAH was 10 ㎍/㎖) in standard sample. All PAH levels of the cokes manufacturing industry and the secondary lead smelting industry and the glass bottle manufacturing industry were trace or not to detect.

진부지역에서 생산된 당귀를 이용한 추출물 제조 및 이화학적 특성

이원종,윤정로,김은경,안규태 강릉대학교 동해안지역연구소 2000 東海岸硏究 Vol.11 No.1

추출조건 (온도, 추출시간, 용매의 농도)에 따라 당귀의 특유성분인 decursin의 함량을 측정하였으며, 산지별로 당귀를 수집하여 추출물을 제조한 후 이화학적 성질을 조사하였다. 물, ethanol, methanol, chloroform, benzene, ether등으로 추출한 결과, 당귀의 지표물질인 decursin은 물로는 잘 추출되지 않았고 고농도의 ethanol로 추출하는 것이 가장 효과적이었다. 당귀의 ethanol 추출물 제조시 ethanol의 농도는 95%, 추출온도는 60℃, 추출시간은 4시간이 가장 적합하였다. 진부지역에서 생산된 일당귀 및 일본산 당귀의 decursin 함량은 0.2-0.5%이었고, 중국산 당귀는 1.1%를 함유하였으며 진부산 토당귀는 6.2%를 함유하였다. 진부산 토당귀와 일당귀, 중국산, 일본산 당귀를 열수 추출물, ethanol 추출물을 제조한 결과, 열수 추출물은 ethanol 추출물보다 단백질과 회분을 많이 함유하였으며, ethanol 추출물은 지질을 많이 함유하였다. Chemical components and decursin contents of Angelica gigas Nakai (Korean), Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa (Korean and Japanese), and Angelica sinensis Diels (Chinese) were analyzed. Angelica gigas Nakai (Korean) contained the highest amount of decursin with 6.2%, while Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa (Korean and Japanese) contained only 0.2-0.5% decursin and Angelica sinensis Diels (Chinese) contained 1.1% decursin. Angelica gigas Nakai (Korean) was extracted under various conditions and evaluated for decursin content. The decursin content of extracts was the highest when extracted with 95% ethanol at 60℃ for 4 hours. Angelica gigas Nakai was extracted with water and 95% ethanol and physicochemical properties of extract were analyzed, The extraction yield. protein content, and ash content were high when using the water as an extraction solvent; while, crude lipid was high when using the 95% ethanol as the extraction solvent.