一部 靑年들의 宗敎 有無에 따른 精神健康 評價 比較硏究

李京淑 이화여자대학교 체육대학 1986 建美 Vol.- No.19

실내 조명의 패턴변화에 따른 밝기감 평가 실험

이진숙,김재구,최경락 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.10 No.1

Lighting pattern is very important factor to improve efficiency in indoor lighting. The purpose of this study is to grasp that lighting patterns influence brightness. Experiment was carried out by scaled-models changed as lighting patterns and evaluations of brightness were done by Magnitude Evaluation Method and Semantic Difference Method. These were analyzed as Standard Score(Z score) by statistics. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1)The shorter accomodate-time is, the more brightness increase. 2)The more luminance increase, the more brightness increase. 3)Lighting pattern of unbalance is low brightness.

초등학교에서 활용 가능한 과학 영재 판별 도구 개발

이경숙 이화여자대학교 교육대학원 2004 이화교육논총 Vol.14 No.-

The objective of this study was to develop a creative problem solving test for the identification of the scientifically gifted elementry school students. The gifted students in science has characteristics such as the well above the average ability, task commitment and creativity, and are expected to accomplish high performance in science. They require differentiated programs and services beyond the regular school programs in order to develop their abilities and realize their contributions to self and society. Their important trait is creative problem solving ability in science. Creative problem solving ability is defind as 'the ability which utilizes general knowledge and skill, specific knowledge and skills, task commitment by activate the interaction between logical thinking and divergent thinking'. The test items covers such content areas (physics, chemistry, biology, and earth science); science process (observation, classifying, measuring, predicting, inferring, identification of problem, hypotheses formation, controlling variables, converting data, interpreting data, drawing conclusin, generalization); creativity factors (originality, fluency, flexibility, elaborateness). The test consist of multiple choice type 15 items and open-ended, essay type 5 itmes. The pilot test was to check the goodness of the test with 45 students. The practical test was implemented to 583 students. Goodness of the test items was evaluated by assessing content validity, internal consistency reliability, item difficulty. Content validity of the test is 87.9%, internal consistency reliability is .59, item diffidulty is .42. Concurrent validity of the test was evaluated by correlation analysis. The test were found to have correlation with the creative problem solving test(r=.75), the logical thinking test(GALT)(r=68), and scientific inquiry ability test(r=.62), the creativity test(GIFT)(r=.49). The creative problem solving test have the highest correlation with the test.

增損五積丸(碑積方)이 사람의 各種 癌細胞株의 成長沮碍에 미치는 效果

李竝求,元秦喜,文錫哉,金東雄,元京淑,文九 한국전통의학연구소 2002 한국전통의학지 Vol.12 No.1

chemosensitivity test of Geungsonojukwhan-Bijukbang was performed on the three different human cancer cell lines originated from liver, cervix and colon tissue, namely Hep 3B, Hela and HCT-15, which have similar doubling times. Semiautomated sulforhodamine B(SRB) assay appears to offer an valuable tool for chemosensitivity of unknown compounds, since it is a simple, valid and inexpensive method of assessing drug monitoring for large samples in a short time. The results obtained in this study were as follows 1. Good correlations were shown from the results of SRB assay and those of clogenetic assay. 2. As a result of exposure to Geungsonojukwhan, the proliferation of Hela cell and Hep 3B cell was slightly decreased in Geungsonojukwhan-Bijukbang(GIP), Geungsonojukwhan-Pejukbang(LUP) and Geungsonojukwhan-Sinjukbang(RTP). 3. As a result of exposure to Geungsonojukwhan, GIP showed better anticancer effect to HCT-15 cell lines than those of LUP and RTP. 4. The extract of Geungsonojukwhan-Bijukbang in 40℃ were more effective in cytotoxic response than those in 100℃. 5. The research showed that the higher concentration the more effective in the inhibition of proliferation of the cancer cell lines, however, the cytotoxic effect of Geungsonojukwhan-Bijukbang in the concentration of 1.60mg/㎖ and 3.20mg/㎖ showed the most effective inhibition rate according to the increase of concentration.

Immunoblot법을 이용한 Anisakis증의 혈청학적 진단

이영주,주경환,정명숙,임한종 고려대학교 의과대학 1990 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.27 No.1

Acute gastric anisakiasis is rather easily diagnosed by endoscopy or radiological technique. But preoperational diagnosis of acute intestinal anisakiasis is very difficult. Furthermore, the diagnosis of chronic anisakiasis is more difficult because the worm invade the stomach or intestinal wall and finally to degenerate. Serodignosis may helpful in such diagnostic difficulties. However, any of the serodiagnostic method in anisakiasis has limitations for practical use due to cross reactions. In this context, the study was performed to observe the specifically reacting antigenic bands of crude extract Anisakis larval worm antigen and their reaction to the serum antibody obtained from experimentally immunized and infected rabbit, confirmed human anisakiasis and other helminthic infection cases using SDS-PAGE and EITB. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Among 12 cases of confirmed anisakiasis, eleven showed positive reactions by ELISA. The average 0. D. value of the test was 1.035. Two from 4 D. latum infected cases and one from 4 A. lumbricoides infected cases showed positive reaction respectively. 2. Silver stained SDS-PAGE of crude Anisakis larval worm antigen revealed more than 45 antigenic protein bands. Among them, 186, 76, 72, 65, 59~62, 54, 52, 50, 49, 46, 43, 40, 33, 32, 29, 24, 23, 18, 17, and 13Kd bands were major bands. Protein bands of 12Kd relative molecular weight was observed in A. suum extract antigen, on the other hand 29 and 46Kd bands were not observed. 3. Major antigenic bands of crude Anisakis worm antigen which reacted with serum antibody of confirmed anisakiasis cases were 186, 116, 72, 52, 46, 40, 33 and 32Kd band. Most of them also reacted with the sera of D. latum, A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura infected cases except 46Kd band which showed positive resuits only with sera of anisakiasis. So, this band could be considered as diagnostic band for anisakiasis especially for the identification of cross reactions against A. lumbricoides and D. lafum infection. 4. Although, low molecular weight bands such as 33 and 32Kd were observed as species specific, the sensitivity of that fractions were obviously low. Consequently, the diagnostic use of the low molecular weight protein bands were not promising. 5. Serum of rabbit immunized with Anisakis larval worm antigen also showed positive reaction on 46Kd bands, but that of A. suum and T. canis did not. These results were in accord with the results in human cases. In conclusion, 46Kd bands of crude Anisakis larval worm antigen can be considered as a diagnostic one for the identification of cross reactions using immunoblot technique.

복수과 진료 환자의 중복 처방에 대한 분석 및 평가

이지은,장혜경,오지영,유윤경,김현지,임숙인,연숙희,강진숙,최귀령 한국병원약사회 2003 병원약사회지 Vol.20 No.1

In an aging society, there is an increasing possibility of the duplication of the drugs given to patients because they take many kinds of drugs. Among the prescriptions given to the patients who was treated at multiple ambulatory clinics in St. Mary's hospital for one month of September, 2002, in which drugs that has identical or similar effects are prescribed, we analysed and evaluated them by patients' characteristics, kinds of medication, severity of side effects on a case by case basis. More, we assessed the potential additional costs. As a result of this study, the duplication rate turned out to be 6.69% and it was shown that the proportion of the elderly patients over 60 was high. The gastro-intestinal medications took up a large part and most of the cases showed that the danger caused by double taking of medicine was slight, but there were some examples in which the serious side effects were predicted. Expected additional costs were the average 11.349 won and it ranges from the minimum of 56 won to the maximum of 135,720 won. In conclusion, the management of drug histories of the patients who need the plural treatments is very important and the necessity of the individual and professional guidance of taking medicines for the elderly patients is emerged, too.

Refractory Ceramic Fiber와 Rock Wool로 자극한 폐포대식 세포에서 Reactive Oxygen Species 분비와 관련된 세포내 신호변환계

이권행,임영,양경숙,오현숙,김은경,김경아 大韓産業醫學會 1999 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.11 No.4

Objectives : It is known that the high fibrogenecity of particles is connected with their cytotoxicity for macrophages. Although the molecular mechanism leading to fiber-induced fiber-induced cytotoxicity is still not clear, several mechanism have been suggested. The release of reactive oxygen species(ROS) from activated alveolar macrophages(AM) by dust have been suggested as a possible mechanism of particle-induced cell damage. But the mechanism which man-made vitreous fiber(MMVF) induces the production of ROS in AM is still not clear. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between ROS production and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release from alveolar treated with refractory ceramic fiber(RF2) or rock wool(RWI) and signal transduction path-way of ROS production in RF2 or RW1 exposed AM. Methods : We investigated LDH release from MMVF-stimulated AM for index of cytotoxicity. To determine what kind of signal transduction pathways are involved in MMVF-stimulated ROS generation, we used some drugs which have an effect on the signal transduction pathway. Results : RF2 and RW1 induced increase of LDH release with dose-dependent manner with RF2 having greater effect than RW1. There was a dose-dependent increase in the production of ROS by RF2 or RW1. At all level of concentration, RF2 induced more ROS production than RW1. Inhibitors of PKC(bisindolylmaleimide), PLC(U73122 and neomycine) and PTK(genistein and erbstatin) suppressed RF2 or RW1-induced ROS production. Conclusion : There was significant correlation between LDH release and ROS production from AM treated with RF2 or RW1. RF2 and RW1 induced ROS generation through protein kinase C(PKC), phospholipase C(PLC) and protein tyrosin kinase(PTK) pathways.

中學校 學生들의 멘델유전에 관한 誤槪念 硏究

이경숙,이길재,정완호 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 1994 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.4 No.1

Misconceptions of scientific concepts have been believed to be very persistent and difficult to be overcome through regular classroom activities. Therefore, it is important to find the misconceptions and cognitive structure of students. Mendelian genetics is an important and difficult topic for the student to learn. It is also difficult for the teacher to teach. Chromosome theory of inheritance and the concept of gene is the most important and difficult topics relate to mitosis/meiosis. The purpose of this research is a study of middle school students' understanding of the physical relationship of chromosome and genes. Particularly, this study is to establish new teaching strategy of the 3rd grade middle school students, by analyzing misconceptions of genetic continuity and to enhance their problem solving performance. Total 100 students were selected for this study from 2 different classes. They were all females. The test taken by students was open ended questionnaires. It was developed by Moll & Allen(1987) and it was modified for this study. Misconception was analyzed by personal interview. Each of the interviews was recorded and transcribed. Everything that students wrote and drew during the interviews, as well as the interview transcripts, were used to construct the data to be analyzed. The new instruction program "chromosome card game" used to reverse the misconceptions of Mendelian genetics, which were discovered in this study. The new instruction program was reviewed by having controlled experiment and treated additional study group. The results of this study are as follows: 1. Students have misconception on sister chromatids, the pairs of homologous chromosomes and gamete types. 2. According to the conceptual knowledge of chromosome and gene behavior, three types of chromosome model were suggested such as one-chromosome model, two-chromosome model and four-chromosome model. Many students can not construct the conceptual knowledge of genetics and meiosis. There is a tendency toward being mathematical rather than genetic in problem solving. 3. After the new instruction program was applied to the students, much enhanced study effect was discovered among experiment group. Based on above mentioned study, the classroom teachers must recognize the misconceptions some students have, and modify students' misconceptions, and increase the probability of meaningful learning.

한국형 부모양육스트레스 척도(Parenting Stress Index) 개발을 위한 예비연구

이경숙,염현경,신윤오 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2000 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.11 No.1

요약 : 본 연구는 한국형 부모양육 스트레스 척도를 개발히기 위한 목적으로 실시되었다. Abidin의 부모양육 스트레스 검사(Parenting Stress Index)의 적용을 통해 기초연구가 수행되었다. 1차 예비조사는 3~12세 아동의 어머니에게 질문지를 배부하여 382부의 데이타로 요인 분석하였다. 그 결과, 아동영역의 문항 47개 문항 중 29개 문항, 5개 요인이 추출되었고, 부모영역의 문항 54개 문항 중 28개 문항, 5개 요인이 추출되었다. 1차 분석에서 추출된 57개 문항에 대해 2차 예비 조사에서는 만 3~6세 유아의 부모로부터 수집한 392부의 데이타로 재분석하였다. 문항변별도 분석을 위해 내용타당도와 구조타당도를 살펴보았다. 구조타당도를 검증하기 위해 요인분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 아동영역에서는 '부모강화', '수용성', '주의산만성', '요구성'의 4개 요인, 24개 문항이 추출되었다. 아동영역의 전체 공통분산 가운데 설명되는 공통분산은 82.05%로 나타났다. 부모영역에서는 '역할제한', '우울감', '사회적 고립', '건강', '배우자 관계'의 5개 요인, 24개 문항이 추출되었다. 부모영역의 전체 공통분산 가운데 설명되는 공통분산은 82.40%로 나타났다. 척도의 신뢰도 검증을 위해 Cronbach's α 지수를 산출하였는데, 아동영역에서는 전체 신뢰도 α=.81을 나타�o고, 각 요인별로 .69, .70, .67, .66을 나타냈다. 부모영역의 신뢰도 지수는 α.83이며 각 요인별로 .73, .70, .70, .55, .73을 나타냈다. 본 연구는 미국판 PSI 척도를 적용하여 한국에서의 양육 스트레스 척도를 한국문화에 알맞게 개발하기 위한 기초 연구로서 수행되었다. 따라서 추후 국내 문화에 알맞은 문항과 요인을 추가한 2차 연구의 필요성에 대해 논의 하였다. This study was to develop Korean version of Parenting Stress Scale. Primary research was processed thru Abidin's PSI(Parenting Stress Index) scale. For the pilot primary study, distributed questionnaire to the mothers who have three to twelve age children and tried factor analysis with 382 data sheets. At the result, 29 items and 5 factors among the 47 items of child domain, 28 items and 5 factors among the items of parent domain were extracted. At the secondary pilot study survey, reanalyzed the 57 items extracted by primary pilot survey with the 392 data collected from three to six age children's parents. for the item discrimination alaysis, calculated item-total correlation and deleted the items under r=.20. For the validity test, revielved content validity and construct validity. For the verification of construct validity, tried factor analysis. At the result, in child domain area, the our factors, 'Reinforces Parent', 'Acceptability', 'Attention Distractiveness', 'Demandingness' and 24 items were extracted. Among the common variance of child domain, 'explained common variance' was 82.05%. In parent domain area, the five factors, 'Restriction of Role', 'Depression', 'Social Isolation', 'Parent Health', 'Spouse Relationship' and 24 items were extracted. Among the common variance of parent domain, 'explained common dominator' was 82.40%, For the verification of reliability, Cronbach's α coefficient was calculated and in child domain, .69, .70, .67, .66 were produced by each item, respectively and total reliability coefficient was α=.81. Reliability coeffieient of parent domain was .73, .70, .70, .55, .73 by each item, respectively and total reliability coefficient was α=.83. This study was processed as a primary research to develop the Korean version of parent stress scale which is originally from U.S.A. version of PSI and apply it to proper Korean culture. Therefore, the necessity of continuous study was discussed with more localized items and factors. KEY WORDS : PSI(Parenting stress index) · Parenting stress Validity · Reliability.

치과교정용 NiTi 합금계 선재의 탄성과 상변태 거동에 대한 열처리 효과

이진숙,김광만,김경남 대한치과기재학회 1997 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Due to unique property of superelasticity, NiTi has been used widely since their introduction to the orthodontic specialty by Andreasen and Hillmann. But sufficent evaluation of superelasticity of domestic marketed wires has not yet been made. It has been known that heat treatment caused changes not only of elastic behavior but also of phase transformation behavior, an important factor of superelasticity. So, this study was investigated into varied ways of heat treatment of wires for orthodontic force proper for each clinical case. Each elastic behavior of 6 commercial NiTi alloy orthodontic arch wires(LG's ORTHOLLOY, G & H's Nickel Titanium arch wire, ORMCO's NI-TI and COPPER NI-TI, TOMY's SENTALLOY and 3M Unitek's Nitinol) were examined, and in order to study the effect of heat treatment on elasticity and phase transformation behavior, 3-point bending test, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction with each wire heated at 350℃, 450℃ and 550℃ for 1hour were carried out compared with a as-recieved group. The results were as follows : 1. As a result of 3-point bending test in a control group, all wires had superelasticity and COPPER NI-TI showed the lowest maximum load as well as minimum(P<0.05). 2. As a result of 3-point bending est, except Nitinol and COPPER NI-TI, the wires in the group heated at 450℃ had lowest maximum and minimum load than that of a control group, and higher maximum and minimum load that of COPPER NI-TI in control group, and had superelasticity without and permanent deformation(P<0.05). 3. Phase transition temperature of all wires heated at 350℃ except COPPER NI-TI became higher but it became lower when they were heated at 450℃ and 550℃. 4. All wires in control group had austenite structure and when they were heated, martensite phase increased, and R phase appeared when heated at 550℃. The wires used in this study were changed in phase transition temperature, structure and elastic behavior as well by heat treatment. So this study showed that even the same kind of wire could be varied and used after heat treated, choosing proper load in accordance with each orthodontic clinic case.