鹽化物 含有量에 따른 鐵筋腐食 및 콘크리트 强度特性에 관한 實驗的 硏究

김정섭,강연구,유덕룡,박광수 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 1999 建設技術硏究 Vol.19 No.2

As reinforced concrete buildings have been large, high-storied and high perfomance supply of river sand and gravel is insufficient and sex sand and crushed gravels which have the problem in internal force and durability are used as substitute aggregates. The problems caused by the use of sea sand lower the durability of reinforced concrete building according t o the content of chloride and shellfishes and cause the problem of corrosion and neutralization of reinforcing rod. Therefore, this study analyzes the degree of corrosion and neutralization of reinforcing rod which are the causes of lowering durability of reinforced concrete buildings with the variable of chloride content through the experiment and obtains the following results. 1. As a result of experimenting river sand and sea sand by comparison, the corrosion can be found at reinforcing rod without using rust proof paint regardless of the covering depth from 60 days of age and especially, the extensive corrosion is occurred at the damaged reinforcing rod among the same rods. 2. As a result of neutralization experiment with river sand and sea sand, there is no response in neturalization till 60 days of age. 3. As a result of strength and non-destructive strength test with river sand and sea sand, it is found that the value of strength is increased more at the test specimen using sea sand than river sand and while the specimen using river sand shows increasing value of strength continuously based on 28 days of age, the specimen using sea sand shows the decrease in strengh as it has more chloride contents. It is thought that evaluation experiment and method of durability and security and countermeasure of durability according to age on the basis of the basic materials of this study should be conducted as future research task.

地震時 옹벽의 安定性에 대한 確率論的 解析

金泳壽,都德洙,徐寅軾 慶北大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.52 No.-

In this paper the stability of gravity retaining wall is analysed through its probability of failure during earthquakes. Mononobe and Okabe, Seed and Whitman, and Elms and Richards methods are used to determine dynamic earth pressures. And Meyerhof's ultimate bearing capacity theory is employed to find bearing capacity, Three possible modes of failure are examined using AFOSM method. To account for the uncertainty in their numerical values, these factors are taken tobe random variables instead of uniquely valued quantities. On the base of the results obtained in this study, it is concluded that (1) the program that is developed by this study is very useful in assessing the reliability walls under both static and seismic conditions : and (2) the probability of failure of a gravity retaining wall is greatly affected by horizontal accelleration.

전압형 인버터에 의한 直流 스폿鎔接器의 定電力制御에 關한 硏究

김재문,김학성,박성수,원충연,김덕헌 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1996 論文集 Vol.47 No.1

In recent years, there is increasing interests in spot welder with industrial growth of automobile. It makes autowelding and short-time welding possible. Conventional spot welders using AC source bring about the depreciation of welding products, because constant current control makes its workpiece spattered during welding process. In this paper, the constant power control strategy using PI controller is proposed to improve the quality of the welding products. PI controller is implemented by l6bit one chip 80C196KB microcontroller. Simulation and experimental results show that DC spot welder with single phase PWM inverter is effectively controlled by the constant power control method in very short-time.

CORBA 환경에서 프로토타이핑 지원을 위한 재사용 시스템 개발

김행곤,차정은,한덕수 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1998 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.6 No.2

In software industry, coexist the software crisis occurring continuously with methodologies and tools for overcoming it. Since 1980's, software reuse and object-orientation have been hot issues in software engineering. Object-oriented methodology can meet user's need concentrating on convenience of development process. By dealing with software product at the component level and by focusing on arbitrarily abstract description of component, software reuse allows user to deal with minute detail. Also, by dealing with software design at the architecture level, it supplies the automation principle of what must be taken in construction process. By hand, in distributed object environment, we can produce the economical software by accessing the data from different and various repository and sharing the data with different user because it support to development the client/server program and integrate existing systems in heterogeneous environment. We implemented the MT-views to utilize the reuse effects as reuse prototyping system or supporting including retrieval, understanding and rebuilding tools based on source code, documentation and etc., using CORBA on distributed object environment.

건설산업 ISO 9000 품질시스템의 합리적 정착을 위한 개선 방안에 관한 연구

김정섭,유덕룡,강연구,박광수 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 1999 建設技術硏究 Vol.19 No.3

ISO 9000 Quality System has been proved it's effectiveness in the advanced countries for years. And many companies in the world has been accepting the Quality System resulting in increasing of sales, decreasing of poor quality goods or complaints and elevating sense of quality, etc. Still, however, in the construction industrial fields, there are several problems to solve in the process of accepting the Quality System such as surveys for speciality of constructing site. If government organization in charge of operating the System, Accreditation Body, Certification Body, research institute and certificated construction companies are searching for the improving devices organically, ISO 9000 Quality System will be settled reasonably in the construction industry and become a good system to guarantee the construction quality and working system.

수온 변동 자극이 양식 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 비특이적 생체 방어에 미치는 영향

이덕찬,김도형,김수미,강명석,홍미주,김현정,박수일 한국어병학회 2002 한국어병학회지 Vol.15 No.2

본 연구는 넙치에 대한 수온 변동 자극의 영향을 생체 방어적인 측면에서 검토하고자 하였다. 수온 변동 자극은 매일 18℃에서 25℃까지 상승과 하강을 반복하는 방법을 사용하였으며 그 기간은 30일간 지속하였다. 실험어는 온도변화를 주기 시작한 후 28일째까지 무작위로 채포하여 말초혈액 중의 백혈구 수, 전혈의 식작용능, 활성산소, 환원능, chemiluminescence(CL) response 및 lysozyme용균능과 같은 각종 비특이적 생체방어와 관련한 실험을 수행하였다. 수온 변동 자극을 주기 시작한 후 1일째부터 시작하여 1주일 이내에 약 18%의 넙치가 폐사하였으며 이후에는 대조구와 유사하였다. 또한, 수온 변동 자극을 준 실험구의 호중구 수는 2주째에 유의적인 증가를 보였으며, 림프구 수는 2일과 3일째에 감소하였으나 1주째부터 대조구와 유사한 수준으로 회복되었다. 실험구에서는 식작용 결과 식균율과 식균지수에서 이물질 투여 후의 반응이 늦게 나타났다. 식세포의 활성을 조사한 NBT reduction 실험에서는 실험 기간 동안 대조구와 유사한 경향ㅇ르 나타내었다. 또한, CL response의 경우, 실험구는 온도 변동 자극초기에 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 낮았다. 그리고, 식세포가 분비하는 용균성 효소인 점액 내 lysozyme의 활성은 실험 기간 동안 실험구에서 낮게 나타나는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 여러 가지 비특이적 생체 방어 반응의 저하 현상은 수온 변동 자극 초기에 나타났으며, 1주일 정도 지속하면 그 환경에 적응하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 이러한 현상은 이들이 초기 폐사 발생과 어떤 상관 관계에 있는 것으로 생각되었다. This study was performed to know the effects of stress nduced by the daily fluctuation of water temperature fro 18? to 25? up and down for 30 days on the defence mechanism of olive flounde,r Paralichthys olivaceus. To make clear the temperature stress on the defense mechanism of the tested fish, several factors of immune response such as counting of leucocyte appearance in periopheral blood, phagocytic activity in whole blood cells, nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT) reduction, chemiluminescence(CL) response, and lysozyme activity were investigated at 28 days after giving the change of water temperature. The fish was controlled under the none feeding condition during experimental period. Mortality of the tested fish was rapidly increased up to 22% within the first one week of the experimental period without any additional stress factors. The number of neutrophil of peripheral blood in the tested group was significantly higher than the control group at the 2nd week, but the number of lymphocyte was significantly lower than the control group at the 1st and 3rd day of the experimental period, respectively. In the NBT reduction test, the activity of macrophage in the control group fish was the highest on the 7th day while that in the tested group was on the 3rd day. Also, the phagocytosis of tested group against formalin killed cells was retarded compared with the control CL response of the tested group was significantly lower from 2nd to 5th day of the experimental period than the contro. The lysozyme activity of tested group was remained higher during the experimental period than the contro. Even through the tested fish showed different results in some non-specific factors of immune responses between tested and control group fish, olive flounder seems highly adaptable in repeated water temperature change in condition after one week under the given temperature fluctuation range

동일한 국제예후지표(International Prognostic Index)를 나타내는 미만성 대형 B-세포 림프종에서 Bcl-2와 p16의 임상적 중요성

박상은,박수진,곽승근,박남숙,천재민,윤환중,조덕연,김삼용,김진만 충남대학교 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.2

In Korea, malignant lymphoma is a common cancer, comprising about 2.7% of all malignant neoplasm. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma is the most common lymphoma, representing about 50% of all Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is usually considered as heterogeneous group of neoplasms rather than a single clinicopathological entity. Clinical prognostic systems, including the International Prognostic Index (IPI), although useful to assess overall prognosis, embrace patients with heterogeneous prognoses. But International Prognostic Index scoring system is not sufficiently predict the prognosis. It is likely that the prognostic assessment of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphomamight be improved by using biological features. Bcl-2 protein and p16 protein expression is recognized as useful biologic markers predicting the prognosis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. To determine the clinical significance and prognostic value of bcl-2 and p16 proteins expression patterns, we studied 18 patients with de novo DLBL, whose archival pathology specimen were available for immunohistochemistry studies, atChungnam National University Hospital from September 1992 to December 2000. Archival specimens from each patient were immunostained with respective antibodies for bcl-2, p16. The results are as follows; 1) The median age was 54(rage : 37-69). There were 12 male patients(66.7%) and 6 female patients(33.3%) The 'B' symptom was abscentin all patients. The stages were as follows : Ⅰ, 2 patient(11.1%), Ⅱ, 10 patient(55.6%), Ⅲ, 4patient(22.2%) and Ⅳ, 2patient(11.1%). 3 patients(16.8%) had the elevated LDH level, 14 patients(77.8%) had the normal LDH level and 1 patients(5.6%) was not identified the LDH level. 2 patients(11.1%) had the bulky disease and 16 patients(88.7%) had no bulky diease. The distribution of ECOG status were O, 2 patients(11.1%c), 1, 14patients(77.8%) and 2, 2patients(11.1%). 2) Theimmunohistochemistry results are as follows bcl-2:+,10 patients(55.6%), bcl-2:-, 8patinets(44.4%), p16:+,3 patients(16.7%), p16:-, 15patients(83.3%) 3) After a median follow UP durations of 67 months, the median survival time was 57 months with a rage of 7-100+ months. 5-years overall survival rates was 44% by Kaplan-Meier method. 4) Reduced overall survival was demonstrated in the patients who expressed bcl-2 protein(P=0.0174). 5-year overall survivial rate was 12%(bcl-2 expression) versus 88%(no bcl-2 expression) 5) Among diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients with IPI score 0-1, reduced overall survival was demonstrated with bcl-2 expression(P=0.023). 5-year overall survival rate was 18%(bcl-2 expression group) versus 100%(no bcl-2 expressiongroup) 6) Median survival durtation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients negative for p16 expression was 57 months whereas p16 postive patients' median survival duration was not reached(P=0.4478). In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients with identical IPI scores, bcl-2 expression had additional prognostic value.

흰쥐 Kupffer 세포에 대한 Propofol의 작용

박세훈,지대림,성언기,김희선,송인환,박희영,김준수,이덕희,박대팔 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.4

Background: Propofol has an antioxidant capacity and can be used for ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver. However, the effects of propofol on the Kupffer cells have not been establisked. Methods: Kupffer cells were isolated and cultured from male Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of propofol on the Kupffer cells were evaluated by a phagocytosis assay, TNF-α gene expression, and superoxide anion release after administering propofol in different concentrations on the cultured Kuprrer cells. Results: The latex bead phagocytosis by the Kupffer cells was suppressed when the Kupffer cells were exposed to propofol irrespective of concentrations. Higher propofol concentrations decreased the loss of Kupffer cells after latex bead phagocytosis. Propofol induced TNF-α mRNA expression in the Kupffer cells, but the mRNA expression level after 50㎍/ml of propofol decreased. The pattern of TNF-α mRNA expression induced by propofol was different to that induced by LPS: TNF-α mRNA was expressed continuously in the propofol-treated cells until 16 hours after exposure to propofol, whereas the level of TNF-α mRNA expression induced by LPS was evident after 2 hours and was not found thereafter. TNF-α production after propofol treatment was not higher than that of the control. Formazan presipitation did not show any qualitative differences between cells untreated or treated with propofol concentrations of 0.5, 5.0, and 50 ㎍/ml. Conclusions: These results showed that propofol might inhibit Kupffer cells. This suggests that propofol and be used for patients with ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2002; 43: 475~484)

『희락당고』 소재 한시 주석 연구

김덕수(Kim, Deok-su) 한국학중앙연구원 2015 장서각 Vol.0 No.33

이 글은 16세기 전반기 훈구파의 일원인 希樂堂 金安老의 한시 주석을 분석함으로써 당대 관각문인의 독서 범주와 한시 창작의 실제, 海東江西詩派를 배태했던 중종 연간의 문헌학적 토대를 연역하는 데 주안점을 두었다. 김안로 주석의 문면에 노출된 정보를 통해 김안로가 실제 학습하고 참조했던 서적을 유추하는 것은 불가능하다. 이에 김안로가 주석에서 인용한 시문 가운데 한정된 문헌에만 수록된 인용문을 추적하고, 참조 문헌의 오류까지 그대로 답습하거나 혹은 통사구조와 그 내용까지 완전히 일치하는 주석을 비교ㆍ검토함으로써, 김안로가 주석과정에서 『事文類聚』와 『韻府群玉』을 적극 활용한 정황을 귀납할 수 있었다. 유서와 운서를 활용해 용사의 출처를 매거했다는 것은 뒤집어 말하면 애초에 시를 짓는 단계부터 소재별·주제별 검색이 가능한 유서와 운서의 도움을 받았다는 방증이다. 宋詩를 추구하던 당대 시인들이 참신한 詩料를 확보하여 심중하게 전고를 구사한 것은 유서와 운서에 힘입은 바 크다. 김안로의 작시는 江西詩派와 밀접한 관련을 갖는데 여기에는 부친 金?의 학시 궤적 및 당시 김안로 가문에 소장된 전적의 영향이 적잖이 작용했다. 김안로는 史容 주석본 『山谷外集詩注』, 任淵 주석본 『山谷內集詩注』, 任淵 주석본 『后山詩注』, 胡穉 주석본 『箋注簡齋詩集』를 읽으며 강서시파의 三宗인 黃庭堅과 陳師道, 陳與義를 학습했다. 그리고 강서시파가 모범으로 설정한 杜甫를 배우기 위해 원나라 高楚芳 주석본 『補註杜詩』를 읽었으며, 王十朋 주석본 『東坡詩集注』와 李壁 주석본 『王荊公詩注』를 통해 소식과 왕안석의 시를 배웠다. 『사문유취』와 『운부군옥』으로 대표되는 유서와 운서, 다양한 판본의 두시 주석서, 宋代 주석본 강서시파 시집 등은 15세기 조선 문인의 장서목록에 포함되어 있었고 이에 대한 학습은 당대 문인의 한시에 대한 안목을 심화시키는 데 결정적인 영향을 끼쳤다. 그리고 전고 운용의 보고이자 방편으로 적극 활용되면서, 학식과 용사를 중시하는 宋詩가 만개할 수 있는 문헌학적 토대가 되었다. This study focused on deducing the practice of Sino-Korean poetic creation and reading range of literary men of Kawngak, and the philological basis that originated Haedong Gangseo poetry group (海東江西詩派) in the age of King Jungjong by analyzing the annotation of Sino-Korean poetry written by Huirakdang (希樂堂), Kim Anro (金安老) who was the member of Hungu faction in early 16th century. It is impossible to infer the books that Kim Anro actually studied and referred to from the information exposed in the contents of Kim Anro’s annotation. Therefore, tracking the citations that were included in limited reference among the poetries cited in annotation, comparing and reviewing some annotations that exactly match up with certain contents, verbal structure and even errors of the reference, it was induced that Kim Anro actively referred to Samunryu Chwi (事文類聚) and Unbugunok (韻府群玉) while making the annotations. The fact that Chinese classical encyclopedias (類書) and rhyming dictionary (韻書) were used to enumerate the source of quoted passages means, in other words, poets wrote their works by means of Chinese classical encyclopedias and rhyming dictionary that enable them to search the themes and subject matters of poetry from the stage of composing poetry. By the virtue of Chinese classical encyclopedias and rhyming dictionary, the poets of the time who followed the poetry of Song Dynasty were able to secure fresh subjects for poetry and discreetly make use of authentic precedents. Kim Anro’s versification is closely linked to Jiangxi poetry group (江西詩派) and this shows that he was greatly affected by the poetic path of his father, Kim Heun (金?) and the records archived in his family. Kim Anro studied three famous poets of Jiangxi poetry group: Huang Tingjian (黃庭堅), Chen Shidao (陳師道), Chen Yuyi (陳與義) by reading Sayong’s annotated edition Sangokoejipsiju (山谷外集詩注), Lim Yeon’s annotated edition Sangoknaejipsiju, Lim Yeon’s annotated edition Husansiju (后山詩注), Ho Chi’s annotated edition Jeonjuganjaesijip (箋注簡齋詩集). Also, he read Gaochufang’s annotated edition Bojudusi (補註杜詩) to learn about Dufu (杜甫), who is the prominent Chinese poet of the Tang dynasty and is considered a model for Jiangxi poetry group, and studied the poetries of Sushi and Wang Anshi through reading Wang Shipeng’s annotated edition Dongpasijipju (東坡詩集注) and Lee Byeok’s annotated edition Okhyeonggongsiju (王荊公詩注). The chinese classical encyclopedias and rhyming dictionary that are represented by Samunryu Chwi and Unbugunok, various versions of annotation books on Dufu’s poems, annotated editions of Jiangxi poetry collection from Song dynasty era were on the library list of Joseon literary men. And studying these literature materials had a decisive effect on improving their perspective on the chinese poetry. These literature materials were actively used as a method or repository of authentic precedents, and became the philological basis for Song poetry, that put great emphasis on erudition and use of authentic precedents, to flourish.

The therapeutic effect of chelidonic acid on ulcerative colitis.

Kim, Dae-Seung,Kim, Su-Jin,Kim, Min-Cheol,Jeon, Yong-Deok,Um, Jae-young,Hong, Seung-Heon Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2012 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.35 No.5

<P>Chelidonic acid (CA), a constituent of Chelidonium majus L., has many pharmacological effects, including mild analgesic and antimicrobial effects. However, the effects of CA on intestinal inflammation and the molecular mechanisms responsible are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of CA against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). Mice treated with DSS displayed obvious clinic signs, such as, body weight loss and a shortening of colon length, but the administration of CA attenuated both of these signs. Additionally, CA was found to regulate levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in serum. In colonic tissues, prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production levels and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and hypoxia induced factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression levels were increased by DSS, but CA attenuated increases in COX-2 and HIF-1α levels. These results provide novel insights into the pharmacological actions of CA and its potential use for the treatment of intestinal inflammation.</P>