Distinct gating mechanism of SOC channel involving STIM–Orai coupling and an intramolecular interaction of Orai in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>

Kim, Kyu Min,Wijerathne, Tharaka,Hur, Jin-Hoe,Kang, Uk Jung,Kim, Ihn Hyeong,Kweon, Yeong Cheon,Lee, Ah Reum,Jeong, Su Ji,Lee, Sang Kwon,Lee, Yoon Young,Sim, Bo-Woong,Lee, Jong-Hee,Baig, Chunggi,Kim, S National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.20

<P>Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), an important mechanism of Ca2+ signaling in a wide range of cell types, is mediated by stromal interaction molecule (STIM), which senses the depletion of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores and binds and activates Orai channels in the plasma membrane. This inside-out mechanism of Ca2+ signaling raises an interesting question about the evolution of SOCE: How did these two proteins existing in different cellular compartments evolve to interact with each other? We investigated the gating mechanism of Caenorhabditis elegans Orai channels. Our analysis revealed a mechanism of Orai gating by STIM binding to the intracellular 2-3 loop of Orai in C. elegans that is radically different from Orai gating by STIM binding to the N and C termini of Orai in mammals. In addition, we found that the conserved hydrophobic amino acids in the 2-3 loop of Orai1 are important for the oligomerization and gating of channels and are regulated via an intramolecular interaction mechanism mediated by the N and C termini of Orai1. This study identifies a previously unknown SOCE mechanism in C. elegans and suggests that, while the STIM-Orai interaction is conserved between invertebrates and mammals, the gating mechanism for Orai channels differs considerably.</P>

Child-friendly Spaces in Disaster Shelters for Child Disaster Victims

Bo Reum Kim,Seol Mi Oh,Deok Hui Choe 위기관리 이론과 실천 2020 Crisisonomy Vol.16 No.2

본 연구는 재난상황에서 신체적, 심리사회적, 발달적 특성으로 인해 스스로를 보호하기 힘들고 회복력이 부족하여 재난취약계층에 속하는 재난피해아동에게 아동맞춤형 서비스를 제공하는 아동친화 공간의 개념과 역할을 소개하고 도입사례를 살펴보았다. 진도 7.0 이상의 대형지진이 발생한 네팔, 일본, 중국 사례에서는 국제 NGO와 정부가 협력하여 재난대피소 내 아동친화공간에서 전문가를 통한 신체·심리사회·발달영역의 통합서비스를 제공하였다. 아동친화공간은 아동 맞춤형 식료품과 구호물품, 의료·위생서비스를 지원함과 동시에 아동이 안전한 공간에서 보호받으면서 심리치료와 상담, 놀이와 교육을 통해 재난으로 인한 피해를 최소화하고 조기에 회복할 수 있도록 하였다. 반면 아동친화공간을 도입하지 않은 한국의 포항지진 사례에서는 재난대피소에서 아동을 위한 물품과 공간, 서비스의 부족이 문제점으로 나타났다. 따라서 아동의 특성을 고려한 재난대피소 세부규정을 수립하고 대피소에 아동돌봄공간을 마련할 것을 제언하였다. 또한 아동심리지원의 문제점을 보완하는 매뉴얼 마련과 재난의 특수상황을 이해하고 대응할 수 있는 아동보호전문인력의 양성과 배치가 필요하다. This study introduced the concept, role, and cases of child-friendly spaces providing customized services to child disaster victims who have difficulty in protecting themselves and insufficient resilience due to their physical, psychological, and developmental characteristics. In Nepal, Japan and China experiencing earthquakes with a magnitude of 7.0 or higher, international NGOs and the government worked together to provide integrated services with experts in child-friendly spaces in disaster shelters. Child-friendly spaces were designed to help children minimize damage from disasters and recover early through psychological treatment, counseling, play and education as well as child-tailored services such as food, relief goods, medical and sanitation services. The 2017 Pohang earthquake in South Korea without child-friendly spaces lacked goods, spaces and services specifically for children in disaster shelters. This study suggested that the detailed regulations for disaster shelters should be established considering the characteristics of children and the child care areas should be provided in shelters. In addition, it is necessary to prepare a manual to resolve problems with child psychological support and to train professional experts who can protect and educate children in disaster situations.

<i>Gastrodia elata</i> Blume Rhizome Aqueous Extract Improves Arterial Thrombosis, Dyslipidemia, and Insulin Response in Testosterone-Deficient Rats

Kim, Min Jung,Yang, Hye Jeong,Moon, Bo Reum,Kim, Ji Eun,Kim, Kang Sung,Park, Sunmin Hindawi 2017 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2017 No.-

<P>Testosterone deficiency deteriorates glucose and lipid metabolism with reducing muscle mass. We investigated whether the consumption of water extracts of<I> Gastrodia elata </I>Blume rhizome (GEB) rich in gastrodin would reduce the symptoms of testosterone deficiency and improve blood flow in orchidectomized (ORX) rats. ORX rats were given high-fat diets supplemented with either 1% cellulose (ORX-control), 0.3% GEB (GEB-L), or 1% GEB (GEB-H) for 8 weeks. Sham-operated rats were fed the same diet as OVX-control rats (normal-control). ORX-control rats had reduced serum testosterone levels by one-fifth, compared to normal-control rats. ORX-control rats exhibited decreased lean body mass, attenuated blood flow, and impaired cholesterol metabolism and glucose control due to decreased insulin secretory response. GEB increased serum insulin levels dose-dependently and GEB-H mostly enhanced dyslipidemia in ORX rats. GEB completely normalized arterial thrombosis time and blood flow in ORX rats. Interestingly, ORX-control rats showed attenuated hepatic insulin signaling but greater AMPK and CREB activities, which reduced triglyceride accumulation, compared to normal-control. GEB-H improved hepatic insulin signaling but maintained the AMPK and CREB activities in ORX rats. In conclusions, GEB ameliorated the impairment of cholesterol and glucose metabolism and blood flow in ORX rats. GEB may be a potential preventive measure for reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases associated with testosterone deficiency.</P>

Clinical Characteristics and Metabolic Features of Patients with Adrenal Incidentalomas with or without Subclinical Cushing’s Syndrome

Bo-Yeon Kim,A-Reum Chun,Kyu-Jin Kim,Chan-Hee Jung,Sung Koo Kang,Ji-Oh Mok,Chul-Hee Kim 대한내분비학회 2014 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.29 No.4

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the clinical characteristics of adrenal incidentalomas discovered by computed tomography (CT) and to investigate metabolic features of subclinical Cushing’s syndrome (SCS) in patients with adrenal incidentalomas in a tertiary hospital in Korea. Methods: This retrospective study examined the clinical aspects of 268 patients with adrenal incidentalomas discovered by CT at Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital. Clinical data and endocrine function of the patients as well as histological findings were obtained from medical records, while anatomic characteristics were analyzed by reviewing imaging studies. Hormonal tests for pheochromocytoma, Cushing’s syndrome, and aldosterone-secreting adenoma were performed. Results: Most (n=218, 81.3%) cases were nonfunctioning tumors. Of the 50 patients with functioning tumors (18.7%), 19 (7.1%) were diagnosed with SCS, nine (3.4%) with overt Cushing’s syndrome, 12 (4.5%) with primary aldosteronism, and 10 (3.7%) with pheochromocytoma. Malignant tumors (both primary and metastatic) were rare (n=2, 0.7%). Body mass index, fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and total cholesterol were significantly higher in patients with SCS in comparison with those with nonfunctioning tumors. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension were significantly higher in patients with SCS compared with those with nonfunctioning tumors. Conclusion: Functioning tumors, especially those with subclinical cortisol excess, are commonly found in patients with adrenal incidentalomas, although malignancy is rare. In addition, patients with SCS in adrenal incidentalomas have adverse metabolic and cardiovascular profiles.

Unenhanced Breast MRI With Diffusion-Weighted Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection: Effects of Training on Performance and Agreement of Subspecialty Radiologists

Kim Yeon Soo,Lee Su Hyun,Kim Soo-Yeon,Kim Eun Sil,Park Ah Reum,Chang Jung Min,Park Vivian Youngjean,Yoon Jung Hyun,Kang Bong Joo,Yun Bo La,Kim Tae Hee,Ko Eun Sook,Chu A Jung,Kim Jin You,Youn Inyoung,C 대한영상의학회 2024 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.25 No.1

Objective: To investigate whether reader training improves the performance and agreement of radiologists in interpreting unenhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Materials and Methods: A study of 96 breasts (35 cancers, 24 benign, and 37 negative) in 48 asymptomatic women was performed between June 2019 and October 2020. High-resolution DWI with b-values of 0, 800, and 1200 sec/mm2 was performed using a 3.0-T system. Sixteen breast radiologists independently reviewed the DWI, apparent diffusion coefficient maps, and T1-weighted MRI scans and recorded the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category for each breast. After a 2-h training session and a 5-month washout period, they re-evaluated the BI-RADS categories. A BI-RADS category of 4 (lesions with at least two suspicious criteria) or 5 (more than two suspicious criteria) was considered positive. The per-breast diagnostic performance of each reader was compared between the first and second reviews. Inter-reader agreement was evaluated using a multi-rater κ analysis and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: Before training, the mean sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the 16 readers were 70.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 59.4–79.9), 90.8% (95% CI: 85.6–94.2), and 83.5% (95% CI: 78.6–87.4), respectively. After training, significant improvements in specificity (95.2%; 95% CI: 90.8–97.5; P = 0.001) and accuracy (85.9%; 95% CI: 80.9–89.8; P = 0.01) were observed, but no difference in sensitivity (69.8%; 95% CI: 58.1–79.4; P = 0.58) was observed. Regarding inter-diffusionreader agreement, the κ values were 0.57 (95% CI: 0.52–0.63) before training and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.62–0.74) after training, with a difference of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.02–0.18; P = 0.01). The ICC was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.69–0.74) before training and 0.79 (95% CI: 0.76–0.80) after training (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Brief reader training improved the performance and agreement of interpretations by breast radiologists using unenhanced MRI with DWI.

The Presence of Urinary Ketones according to Metabolic Status and Obesity

Kim Bo-Reum,Seo Jeong Woo,Kim Sang Man,Kim Kyu-Nam,주남석 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.31

Background: Recently, new concepts about obesity and normal weight subtypes with metabolic conditions are rising and ketone bodies are emerging as a significant indicator of metabolic health. This study aimed to find a relationship between ketonuria and those subtypes. Methods: The data of 19,036 subjects were analyzed in this cross-sectional study (2013–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, KNHANES). Based on body mass index and adult treatment panel III with modification of waist circumference, individuals were categorized into 4 groups: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically healthy obese (MHO), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). Individuals were divided into 2 groups, positive and negative ketonuria groups, and the metabolic parameters were compared. Results: The metabolic indicators of the positive ketonuria group showed better results than those of the negative ketonuria group and the MHNW group showed the highest proportion of positive ketonuria. The MHNW group showed higher urinary ketones than the MUO group (odds ratio [OR], 0.391; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.254–0.601) in men. In women, OR of having ketonuria was 0.698 (95% CI, 0.486–1.002) in the MHO group and 0.467 (95% CI, 0.226–0.966) in the MUNW group compared to the MHNW group, respectively. Conclusion: Compared to the MHNW group, the MUO group showed lower presence of ketonuria in men, and tendency to have less ketonuria in women.

보문 : 자초의 천연색을 이용한 립밤에 관한 연구

박보름 ( Bo Reum Park ),김광상 ( Kwang Sang Kim ),박해련 ( Hae Ryeun Park ),신규옥 ( Kyu Ok Shin ),안경민 ( Kyung Min Ahn ),김기영 ( Ki Young Kim ) 대한미용과학회(구 한국두피모발미용학회) 2010 대한미용학회지 Vol.6 No.3

Lip balm is now one of useful cosmetics and the phenomena of well-being and LOHAS have extended to the area of cosmetics of which quality is assured. In this study, usability of Lithospermum erthrohizon (L. erthrohizon) investigated to natural cosmetic materials. Ethyl alcohol extract from L. erthrohizon was observed cytotoxicity, DPPH scavenging effect and antimicrobial activity. And lip balm made of 10% L. erthrohizon extract from ethyl alcohol and jojoba oil extract, and tested safety, usability and stability. In the result, fifty percent of fibroblast viability and brain cells were shown at the concentration of 128 mg/mL and 106 mg/mL of ethyl alcohol extracts. No extraordinary reaction or phenomena were detected like erythema (-) or allergy (-) when fore arms were patched for 48 hours with 10% lip balm made of ethyl alcohol and oil extracts. With regard to stability, there was little change in color but generation of alien substances and acidification from UV irradiation to 10% lip balm. Extremely positive responses were directed to lip balm in the order of color, feeling after application, applicability, fragrance and color reaction. DPPH scavenging activity was observed at the concentration of 5.0 mg/mL of ethyl alcohol extracts in comparison with the concentration 0.1 mg/mL of BHT as positive control material. Fractions of ethyl acetate and butanol from L. erthrohizon were measured at 12.5 mg/mL same scavenging effect as BHT. And antimicrobial activities revealed formation of clear zone with size of 9.5 mm against to S. aureus and 10 mm clear zone against to S. epidermidis at the concentration of 100 mg/mL. In conclusion, L. erthrohizon turned out to have excellent effects and antimicrobial activities as natural substance. And the lip balm made of L. erthrohizon is expected to suffice the 4 major requirements of cosmetics (safety, stability, effectiveness and usability), it is thought to be usefully employed in developing the products with natural substances that are verified of antioxidant effect and antimicrobial activity in the industry of cosmetics.

장애인스포츠지도사의 자격증취득동기와 직업가치관 및 직업선택의 관계

김보름 ( Kim Bo-reum ),김지태 ( Kim Ji-tae ) 한국특수체육학회 2017 한국특수체육학회지 Vol.25 No.2

요사이 장애인스포츠지도사 자격증제도가 국가자격증제도로 도입됨에 따라 일반체육 관련 지도자들은 또 다른 직업을 선택할 수 있는 계기가 더 늘어나고 있다. 이로 인하여 새롭게 부각되고 있는 직업군인 `장애인스포츠지도사`를 대상으로 하는 직업관련 특성에 관한 연구의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 이에 이 연구의 목적은 장애인스포츠지도사의 자격증 취득동기, 직업가치관, 직업선택의 관계를 알아보고자 한다. 이와 같은 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 2016년 장애인스포츠지도사 연구과정에 참여하고 있는 4개 권역(수도권, 충청, 전라, 경상)의 연수 참가자 총 360부의 자료를 추출한 후, 조사내용이 일부 누락되었거나 불성실하게 답변한 20부를 제외한 총 340부의 자료를 본 조사의 유의표본으로 하였다. 자료처리는 SPSS 22.0 프로그램을 사용하여 상관관계분석과 다중회귀분석을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 장애인스포츠지도사의 자격증 취득동기는 직업가치관에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 장애인스포츠지도사의 자격증 취득동기는 직업선택에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 장애인스포츠지도사의 직업가치관은 직업선택에 유의한 미치는 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구를 통해 측정된 연구결과들은 장애인스포츠지도사 자격증제도가 추구하여야 할 방향과 장애인스포츠지도사의 직업적 가치를 높이는데 기초자료를 제공하는데 의의가 있을 것이다. Nowadays, the certificate for adapted sports instructor was adopted to the national licensing system, providing broader jon opportunities for general physical education instructors. The need for research on the job variables of `adapted sports instructor`, is therefore magnified. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among the motivation for the certificate acquisition, job values, and job decision of the adapted sports instructor. For the analysis the trainees of adapted sports instructor program of four regions(metropolitan area, Chungcheong, Jeolla, and Gyeongsang) of 2016 were selected as the participants. Among the 360 survey results, 20 observations with partial omissions or unfaithful results were excluded, and the total of 340 observations were selected as purposive samples. Data processing was conducted with SPSS 22.0 programs, and the findings were acquired using the correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The findings are as follows; first, the motivation for certification acquisition of adapted sports instructors was found to significantly influence on one`s job values. Second, the motivation for certification acquisition of adapted sports instructors was found to significantly influence job decision. Thirdly, the job values of adapted sports instructor were found to significantly influence job decision. The findings of the analysis in the study will be able to not only provide the foundation in regard to the future direction of adapted sports instructor license, but also assist the enhancement of vocational values of the instructors.

Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. prevents cognitive dysfunction and energy and glucose dysreguation in rats with central infusion of β-amyloid

Da Sol Kim,Suna Kang,Bae Keun Shin,Min Joo Kim,Bo Reum Moon,Young Hyun Lee,Ji Eun Kim,Sunmin Park 한국식품영양과학회 2015 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2015 No.8

Stabilizing Technology of Pure Vitamin A using Triple Matrix Capsulation

In-Young Kim,Young-Gue Lee,Bo-Reum Seong,Min-Hee Lee,So-Ra Lee,Seong-Ho Choi 한국유화학회 2015 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.32 No.4

In order to get stabilized pure retinol in skin care cosmetics, developing the three layered matrix bead capsules were studied. This study relates to make a cosmetic composition using the three layered matrix capsule that could increase the stability of the active ingredient. A primary encapsulation, vitamin A (pure retinol) of active ingredient was perfectly capsulated into water-in-oil (Water-in-Oil: W/O) emulsion vesicle using PEG-10 dimethicone copolyol emulsifier. A secondary encapsulation of multiple emulsion of the water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion blending W/O emulsion using sucrose distearate of surfactant was developed using homogenizing emulsifying system. Pure retinol of active ingredient was stably capsulized to inside the W/O/W-multiple emulsion in order to load the triple matrix capsulation. By coating it with a polymer matrix base, encapsulated in the triple layered type, which were developed bead encapsulation of 2~10mm uniformly size. To show beautifully appearance capsulated bead type, these finish particles in this triple matrix layer were developed as a gold, green, dark brown, silver and blue color were encapsulated in the bead types. Structural particle certification of triple matrix layer was observed through SEM analysis. Stability of pure retinol was remained stable more than 99.7% for 30 days at 42°C incubating conditions compared with non-capsule. This technology was applied in different formulations such as various sizes and colors that by applying the skin care cosmetics. In the future, this technology to encapsulate an unstable active ingredient, we expect to be expanded this application in the food and drug as a time delivery system.